Transverse momentum (p/sub tau/) distributions of inclusive photons and neutral pions at midrapidity are measured with a lead glass calorimeter in 60 and 200 A)centerreverse arrowdot)GeV /sup 16/O + nucleus and proton + nucleus reactions. Inclusive photon distributions are compared for central and peripheral reactions. The degree of centrality is determined either from the charged particle multiplicity or from the remaining projectile energy in th forward direction. Deviations from a nucleus+nucleus interaction model based upon linear extrapolation from p + p reactions are observed in central /sup 16/O + Au data. The variation of the average transverse momentum is investigated as function of centrality. The target-mass and energy dependence of ..pi..)degree) p/sub tau/ distributions are presented. For /sup 16/O + Au a change of slope in these distributions is observed at p/sub tau/ approx. 0.8 GeVc compatible with hydrodynamic expansion models. 20 refs., 8 figs., 3 tabs

A number of US military programs are currently considering nuclear power systems for space propulsion and electric power applications. These space power systems will each require expensive ground testing of nuclear components and systems prior to deployment in space. In some cases, the ground test facility construction and operating costs can represent a major portion of the total program budget. To minimize the costs to individual programs, consideration is given to the potential for reducing total costs by constructing a single facility in which two or more test programs can be conducted simultaneously. This concept is referred to as a Combined Space Nuclear Reactor Test Facility. This paper presents the results of a study in which the requirements and costs associated with conducting two space nuclear reactor ground test programs separately and in combination were examined. The findings of this study were that, for all new construction, the costs associated with construction and operation of a combined Space Nuclear Reactor Test Facility were substantially less than those associated with constructing and operating separate facilities. However, if existing test support facilities can be used, the potential costs of the two options are comparable. 11 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.

This paper focusses on the description, classification and interpretation of coherent excitation of atomic or ionic systems with Coulombic two-body final state interactions. A group-theoretical approach is used to classify and interpret coherent excitation. The most significant result is that the state of excitation represented by a density operator can be mapped one to one onto expectation values of a set of operators. Examples are used to illustrate what can be learned about the collision process from investigations of coherent excitation. (JDH)

The lattice formulation of Quantum Field Theory (QFT) can be exploited in many ways. We can derive the lattice Feynman rules and carry out weak coupling perturbation expansions. The lattice then serves as a manifestly gauge invariant regularization scheme, albeit one that is more complicated than standard continuum schemes. Strong coupling expansions: these give us useful qualitative information, but unfortunately no hard numbers. The lattice theory is amenable to numerical simulations by which one calculates the long distance properties of a strongly interacting theory from first principles. The observables are measured as a function of the bare coupling g and a gauge invariant cut-off approx. = 1/..cap alpha.., where ..cap alpha.. is the lattice spacing. The continuum (physical) behavior is recovered in the limit ..cap alpha.. ..-->.. 0, at which point the lattice artifacts go to zero. This is the more powerful use of lattice formulation, so in these lectures the author focuses on setting up the theory for the purpose of numerical simulations to get hard numbers. The numerical techniques used in Lattice Gauge Theories have their roots in statistical mechanics, so it is important to develop an intuition for the interconnection between quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics. This …

This series of vugraphs presents preliminary analyses of various design points for the next generation thermonuclear test reactor. The authors state that constrained optimization of a figure-of-merit leads to acceptable design points. Design points discussed include: device radius, aspect ratio, magnetic field strength, magnet current, plasma current, and ignition margin. (JDH)

The current magma energy project is assessing the engineering feasibility of extracting thermal energy directly from crustal magma bodies. The estimated size of the US resource (50,000 to 500,000 quads) suggests a considerable potential impact on future power generation. In a previous seven-year study, we concluded that there are no insurmountable barriers that would invalidate the magma energy concept. Several concepts for drilling, energy extraction, and materials survivability were successfully demonstrated in Kilauea Iki lava lake, Hawaii. The present program is addressing the engineering design problems associated with accessing magma bodies and extracting thermal energy for power generation. The normal stages for development of a geothermal resource are being investigated: exploration, drilling and completions, production, and surface power plant design. Current status of the engineering program and future plans are described. 20 refs., 12 figs.

A new laser-induced multiphoton conductivity technique for the determination of the ionization threshold of molecules in fluids (liquids and dense gases) is described. Results are presented and discussed on aromatic molecules in nonpolar fluids. 2 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab.

The use of saturating magnetic materials in laser excitation discharge systems is presented. Particular attention is given to the most important parameters of magnetic materials and to the analysis of some circuits such as single and multi-stage pulse compressor and pre-pulse isolation systems. 25 refs.,5 figs.

This paper discusses the operation of the 25URC accelerator. Shaft and charging chain life, new corona point holder, recirculating gas stripper, an air-SF/sub 6/ separator, and replication of chopped beam pulse are discussed. Seven new ion species were provided for experiment. 2 refs., 2 figs., 2 tabs. (LSP)

This report summarizes activities at the Savannah River Plant, with regard to personnel, program activities, and equipment. Pinch welding procedures are discussed and progress on reclamation of 3T and SP 1030/1031 reservoirs has been detailed Gas Metal Arc welding was also investigated as a means of structural repair of reactor vessels. (FI)

We describe a high intensity, low energy positron beam utilizing high specific activity /sup 64/Cu sources (870 Ci/g) produced in a reactor with high thermal neutron flux. Fast-to-slow moderation can be performed in a self moderation mode or with a transmission moderator. Slow positron rates up to 1.6 x 10/sup 8/ e/sup +//s with a half life of 12.8 h are calculated. Up to 1.0 x 10/sup 8/ e/sup +//s have been observed. New developments including a Ne moderator and an on-line isotope separation process are discussed. 21 refs., 9 figs.

In this paper we consider several preconditioners and iterative methods for solving the linear algebraic system associated with a partial differential equation. Our interest stems from earlier work in Method of Lines (MOL) software for solving kinetics-diffusion equations and a recognition that the solution of the underlying linear system at each timestep is crucial in terms of computational storage and time. We are interested in developing an approach to handle nonsymmetric matrices so that we can deal with convective terms in the partial differential equation (PDE). To examine our methods we consider a model problem which has been used in related work. With regard to the approach there are two aspects: the preconditioner and the iterative method. Among the preconditioners considered are normal form LU factorization and variations related to approximate inverses. The iterative methods include normal form conjugate gradients and related nonsymmetric methods (ORTHOMIN and ORTHODIR). We have found that the use of either an approximate LU factorization or an approximate inverse in combination with normal form conjugate gradient iteration provides an effective approach for solving our model problem. This result suggests potential use of approximate inverses for parallel computation. 5 refs., 4 figs.

Various simple issues connected with the possible storage of anti p in relative proximity to normal matter are discussed. Although equilibrium storage looks to be impossible, condensed matter systems are sufficiently rich and controllable that nonequilibrium storage is well worth pursuing. Experiments to elucidate the anti p interactions with normal matter are suggested. 32 refs.

Recent studies have indicated that localized corrosion of a relatively small area of a waste container may impair the containment function to such an extent that larger releases may be possible than from the bare waste form. This would take place when a large number of holes coexist on the container while their concentration fields do not interact significantly with each other. After performing a steady state analysis of the release from a hole, it is shown that much fewer independent holes can coexist on a container surface than previously estimated. The calculated radionuclide release from multiple independent holes must be changed accordingly. Previous analyses did not proceed to a correct application of the linear superposition principle. This resulted in unacceptable physical conclusions and undue strain on the performance assessment necessary for a container licensing procedure. The paper also analyzes the steady state release from penetrations of finite length and whose concentration fields interact with one another. The predicted release from these penetrations is lower than the previously calculated release from holes of zero thickness. It is concluded here that the steady-state release from multiple holes on a waste container can not exceed the release from the bare waste form …

We have studied vibronic coupling in vibrationally resolved photoionization to the fourth electronic state of CO/sub 2//sup +/, C(/sup 2/..sigma../sub g//sup +/), in the photon-energy range h nu = 20 to 28.5 eV. The measurements utilize high-resolution hemispherical electron analyzers, equipped with area detectors, and the SURF-II synchrotron radiation source at the National Bureau of Standards. The angular distribution asymmetry-parameters (..beta..) for the allowed C(0,0,0) and forbidden C(1,0,1) (19.747 eV binding energy) peaks are found to be quite different. However, similarities between the C(1,0,1) ..beta.. curve and that for the B state suggest that vibronic coupling to the B(/sup 2/..sigma../sub u//sup +/) state of CO/sub 2//sup +/ is the explanation for the intensity of the C state forbidden band in the first 8 eV above threshold.

This paper reports the status of hardware development for the linac portion of the Argonne tandem-linac accelerator system (ATLAS). The ATLAS superconducting linac consists of an independent-phased array of 45 superconducting niobium resonators of the split-ring type. The linac has been operating in its present form since 1985, on a 24-hours per day, 5 days per week schedule. An upgrade of the ATLAS system is currently under construction the positive-ion injector (PII). The PII system will consist of an ECR positive-ion source mounted on a high-voltage platform injecting a very-low-velocity superconducting linac. The completed system will provide for the acceleration of beams of mass up to uranium, and will replace the tandem electrostatic accelerator as the injector for ATLAS. The status of resonator development for the superconducting linac is reported in this paper. Accelerating gradients in the existing ATLAS linac are currently limited by excessive heating and rf loss in the fast-tuning system associated with each superconducting resonator. Development of an upgraded fast-tuning system is also reported here. 7 refs., 5 figs.

Participants in the international Large Coil Task (LCT) have designed, built, and tested six different toroidal field coils. Each coil has a 2.5- by 3.5-m, D-shaped bore and a current between 10 and 18 kA and is designed to demonstrate stable operation at 8 T, with a superimposed averaged pulsed field of 0.14 T in 1.0 s and simulated nuclear heating. Testing of the full six-coil toroidal array began early in 1986 and was successfully completed on September 3, 1987, in the International Fusion Superconducting Magnet Test Facility (IFSMTF) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). This paper summarizes electromagnetic properties of LCT coils measured in different modes of energization and fast dump. Effects of mutual coupling and induced eddy currents are analyzed and discussed. Measurements of the ac loss caused by the superimposed pulsed fields are summarized. Finally, the interpretation of the test results and their relevance to practical fusion are presented. 11 refs., 10 figs., 4 tab.

The Fermilab polarized beam and antiproton beams in the MP beam line are described. The Fermilab polarized-beam program using this facility are presented.

The description of nucleon-nucleus inelastic scattering in terms of single-scattering has been very successful at intermediate energies. Nuclear structure is the most dominant feature at low excitations and forward scattering, and the Distorted Wave Impulse Approximation (DWIA) has been the most useful technique to extract structure information. The conventional DWIA has also been applied to quasielastic scattering. However, this method is very time-consuming at large scattering angles, since many different excitations of different multipolarities contribute to the inelastic cross section. It has therefore been useful to develop an approximate treatment that contains the main physics of quasielastic scattering. In the following the author will try to establish the connection between the DWIA and the much simpler Surface Response Model. The author will give a short description of the Random Phase Approximation that is used to calculate the nuclear response, and illustrate the spin-isospin dependence of the nucleon-nucleon t-matrix interaction, which is used to generate the excitations of the target nucleus. Finally, some of the applications of the surface response model to (p,p'), (p,n) and (/sup 3/H,t) reactions are reviewed. 19 refs., 5 figs.

Previous studies have shown the resistive pressure-gradient-driven turbulence (RPGDT) is a likely cause of observed turbulent fluctuations and anomalous transport in magnetically confined plasmas. More recent study of RPGDT found a true saturation criterion and predicted significantly larger pressure diffusivity over simple mixing-length estimate. In this study, we investigate wavenumber spectrum for more detailed characteristics of this driven turbulence and consider an electromagnetic model with electron temperature evolution to study the effect of magnetic fluctuations on thermal transport.

Increasing numbers and complexity of facilities inspected by the International Atomic Energy Agency will require difficult decisions about the levels of safeguards to be assigned to materials and facilities should limitations on inspection resources continue. This paper examines some alternative strategies for assigning inspection effort that could improve effectiveness and efficiency of safeguards compared with current inspection practice. These allocation concepts are: (1) extension of inspection planning to include material strata and accounting areas that encompass multiple facilities and (2) the use of randomization of the quality and frequency of inspections and inspection activities.

The surfaces of commercially available polymeric materials have been modified through the chemical infusion process and physical vapor deposition. The surfaces of poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) have been modified through a chemical infusion process by treatment of the sample with a solution containing varying amounts of titanium(IV)isopropoxide and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The surfaces of silicone rubber samples have been coated with a thin coating of titanium dioxide with an ion beam sputtering technique. The treated samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, and neutron activation analysis. The infused samples were evaluated for blood compatibility using two biological assays: an adherence assay in which the adherence of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes to the samples was determined, and a hemolysis assay using rat blood erythrocytes to determine the hemolytic activity of the samples. Based on the results of these assays, the PMMA samples treated with PVP alone resulted in an improvement in reactivity with the blood cells. 16 refs., 4 figs.

The respirators recommended by EPA and NIOSH for asbestos are not only extreme and impractical, but more important, unlikely to provide the highest protection possible. Because of the ease of wearing, powered air purifying respirators may provide as good protection as air line devices with fewer interruptions. Placing carcinogens in the category of compounds that are considered immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH) is a mistake and leads to error in the selection of respiratory protection.

Accounting for the tritium inventory in the tritium breeding blanket of a fusion reactor requires, among other things, knowledge of the adsorption-desorption characteristics of tritium-containing species on the breeder surface, the solubility of triotoxide and tritide in the bulk breeder, and the kinetics of various processes that transport tritium out of the breeder. An experimental study on LiAlO/sub 2/ is presented that provides information for the thermodynamics of adsorption of H/sub 2/O(g) and dissolution of OH/sup -/, and for the kinetics of the evolution of H/sub 2/O(g). The measurements were made with ultra high purity helium as the sweep gas and are in the high oxygen activity region. Detailed thermodynamic calculations performed earlier indicated that the solubility of hydroxide in a breeder is, in general, dependent on the oxygen activity. For low oxygen activities (below about 10/sup -15/) the dependence is significant, but for oxygen activities above this level, such as in high purity helium, the dependence is slight. Although the effect of low oxygen activity on the measured values was not addressed, the question will be examined experimentally by the use of gases with fixed ratios of H/sub 2/O:H/sub 2/. Effects related to low oxygen activities are the subject …