In addition to presentations by participating members a general discussion was held in order to summarize and outline the goals and objectives of the workshop. A number of new low level background tracers such as heavy methanes, perfluorocarbons, multiply labeled isotopes such as /sup 13/C/sup 18/O/sub 2/, helium 3, in addition to sample collection techniques and analytical methods for various tracers were discussed. This report is a summary of discussions and papers presented at this workshop.

Physical properties (magnetic susceptibility, NMR, crystal structure, etc.) are reviewed for trivalent lanthanide/actinide derivatives, divalent lanthanide derivatives, and tetravalent actinide derivatives. (DLC)

The Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) of the United States Department of Energy has the primary responsibility for providing information on wind characteristics for design and for evaluation of performance of wind energy conversion systems (WECS). The objectives of the whole program are, broadly, to develop technical wind information which is relevant to the design of WECS, to determine suitable methods of measuring and analyzing the wind for evaluating WECS performance, and to communicate the information usefully to WECS designers.

The status of the electroweak gauge theory, also known as quantum asthenodynamics (QAD), is examined. The major result is that the standard WS-GIM model describes the data well, although one should still look for signs of further complexity and better tests of its gauge theory aspect. A second important result is that the measured values of the three basic coupling constants of present-energy physics, g/sub s/, g, and ..sqrt..(5/3)g' of SU(3)/sub c/ x SU(2)/sub 2/ x U(1), are compatible with the idea that these interactions are unified at high energies. Much of the paper deals with open questions, and it takes up the following topics: the status of QAD, the scalar meson spectrum, the fermion spectrum, CP violation, and decay dynamics. 118 references, 20 figures. (RWR)

The seminar discusses the government-private sector engineering team for accomplishing engineering for the government. The challenge of engineers for the 1980s focuses on energy. Approach in accomplishing engineering is different for different agencies. How the Corps of Engineers, TVA, and DOE team together with the private sector to accomplish engineering is discussed. Representatives from these organizations made presentations, and then principals from three firms discussed how they work as part of the government team and how they manage the work. They discussed the requirements they must meet and the hurdles they must overcome in working for the government. A question-and-answer period followed.

Much information on states of high spin (30 to 60h-bar) comes from ..gamma..-ray spectroscopy of their numerous de-excitation cascades. In such studies selection of particular (high) spin regions are made through use of multiplicity filters and total-energy spectrometers. The nuclei investigated so far, whether initially near-spherical or deformed, all appear to become deformed rotors at high spin, and effective moments of inertia can be obtained. A new technique of determining energy correlations among coincident transitions in the cascade offers great promise for the future. 9 figures.

This conference summary type paper addresses four topics covered in the symposium: properties of damped or deep-inelastic collisions at energies less than 5 MeV per nucleon above the Coulomb barrier; emission of statistical light particles in damped collisions; emission of fast (nonstatistical) particles in heavy-ion collisions (projectile breakup or fragmentation - elastic or inelastic; preequilibrium particles - hot spots, Fermi jets, etc.; particle emission from neck rupture); and heavy-ion fusion. Seventeen conclusions are drawn. 23 figures, 3 tables, 90 references. (RWR)

For medical accelerators, neutron penetration through the room entry door is the major personnel hazard. Most therapy accelerator rooms are designed with at least a rudimentary maze to avoid the use of massive doors. Often, however, the maze may be similar to those shown in scale outline drawings of some medical electron accelerator rooms where the authors have made neutron measurements outside the doors which were of different thicknesses and compositions. The results are tabulated. It should be noted that there can be significant dose equivalents (H) at the door when a maze is inadequate, and that all three components - fast neutron, thermal neutron, and neutron capture ..gamma.. rays - can be equally important.

A conceptual design has been carried out for an Engineering Test Station (ETS) which will provide structural support and utilities/instrumentation services for blanket modules positioned adjacent to the vacuum vessel of the TFTR (Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor). The ETS is supported independently from the Test Cell floor. The ETS module support platform is constructed of fiberglass to eliminate electromagnetic interaction with the pulsed tokamak fields. The ETS can hold blanket modules with dimensions up to 78 cm in width, 85 cm in height, and 105 cm in depth, and with a weight up to 4000 kg. Interfaces for all utility and instrumentation requirements are made via a shield plug in the TFTR igloo shielding. The modules are readily installed or removed by means of TFTR remote handling equipment.

The Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Energy and Environment has been engaged in finding solutions to the engineering problems associated with the storage of hydrogen as metal hydrides - principally iron-titanium hydride. The thermal conductivity in beds of fine particles, whatever their composition, is inherently poor. This paper reports on attempts to enhance the heat transfer by the addition of small fractions of high conductivity materials in various configurations. The results indicate that the form of the enhancement material rather than its composition is the more critical factor.

Convective losses arising from buoyancy driven flow were calculated for a two-dimensional model simulating a solar cavity receiver. The TEMPEST code, capable of fully three-dimensional coupled thermal-hydraulic transient calculations, was used for the simulation. Predicted velocity and temperature results for a 2.59 m deep by 2.88 m high rectangular cavity with an aperture opening of 1.72 m were used to determine convective losses for prescribed interior wall temperatures and cavity orientation. Velocity vector and temperature isotherm plots were used to analyze flow characteristics.

Significant differences exist between the angular fluctuations experienced at a fixed point, averaged over a disk of rotation, and those felt by a blade element rotating about a horizontal axis. The static and dynamic descriptions of these fluctuations are an important aspect in design considerations and in the development of tracking strategies. Several methods of description and interpretation have been presented here, but further development is clearly required for a comprehensive picture of wind direction fluctuations.

A three-dimensional (3D) volume integral equation was adapted to magnetotelluric (MT) modeling. Incorporating an integro-difference scheme increases the accuracy somewhat. Utilizing the two symmetry planes of a buried prismatic body and a normally incident plane wave source greatly reduces the required computation time and storage. Convergence checks and comparisons with one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) models indicate that the results are valid. Theoretical surface anomalies due to a 3D prismatic conductive body buried in a half-space earth are shown. Impedance tensor and magnetic transfer functions were obtained by imposing two different source polarizations. Manipulation of the impedance tensor and magnetic transfer functions yields the following MT quantities: apparent resistivity and phase, impedance polar diagrams, tipper direction and magnitude, principal directions, skew and ellipticity. With the preliminary analyses of these MT quantities, it was found that three-dimensionality is usually revealed by all of them. Two pairs of complementary parameters were recognized; apparent resistivity and phase, and skew and ellipticity. Because of surface charges at conductivity boundaries, low-frequency 3D responses are much different from 1D and 2D responses. Thus, in many cases, 3D models are required for interpreting MT data.

The site-selection strategy presented here and in the LWH is conservative, partially because utilities are conservative. They should be. The large-scale generation of electricity by wind turbine generators is an unproven technology. It is assumed that wind characteristics at a site will have to be thoroughly documented. This is because the nature of the wind at the site not only governs the energy output of the WECS farm, but also affects the service life of the wind equipment and both scheduled and unscheduled maintenance costs. Perhaps as experience is gained, the site-selection process can be simplified. Certain steps may be found unnecessary, or requirements on the quantity and quality of wind data collected at each step may be relaxed; however, at this stage of wind energy development, a conservative approach seems prudent.

Techniques using meteorological and topographical indicators of wind energy, developed by PNL and applied to the Northwest wind resource assessment, improved the reliability of the analysis of the geographical distribution of wind energy. The identification and application of these indicators led to an improved understanding of the conditions associated with high and low wind energy. Furthermore, these indicators are especially useful in complex terrain and wind-data-sparse areas for obtaining a somewhat realistic estimate of the wind energy resource.

A method of solution of the static Hartree-Fock problem is proposed. The method, based upon the extension of the method of solution of the time-dependent Hartree-Fock problem to imaginary time, promises to be more efficient, and applicable to more complex systems than previously proposed numerical methods.

The determination of the activity coefficient and related properties of sodium bicarbonate presents special problems because of the appreciable vapor pressure of CO{sub 2} above such solutions. With the development of reliable equations for the thermodynamic properties of mixed electrolytes, it is possible to determine the parameters for NaHCO{sub 3} from cell measurements or NaCl-NaHCO{sub 3} mixtures. Literature data are analyzed to illustrate the method and provide interim values, but it is noted that further measurements over a wider range of concentrations would yield more definitive results. An estimate is also given for the activity coefficient of KHCO{sub 3}.

The author comments upon a point made in the referenced paper on general conservation equations. The author directs attention to the fact that the referenced paper's authors correctly point out that when an averaging operation involves integration, the integrand multiplied by the infinitesimal volume must be an additive quantity. The importance of this requirement is emphasized.

In the past several years a substantial amount of work has been devoted toward evaluation of the contact and pseudocontact contributions to the observed isotropic shifts in H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of uranium(IV) organometallic compounds. One reason for interest in this area arises from using the presence of contact shifts as a prcbe for covalent character in the uranium carbon bonds in these compounds. Several extensive {sup 1}H NNR studies on Cp{sub 3} U-X compounds and less extensive studies on uranocenes have been reported. Interpretation of these results suggests that contact shifts-contribute significantly to the observed isotropic shifts. Their presence has been taken as indicative of covalent character of metal carbon bonds in these systems, but agreement is not complete. In this paper we shall review critically the work reported on uranocenes in the light of recent results and report recent work on attempted separation of the observed isotropic shifts in alkyluranocenes into contact and pseudocontact components.

Common control strategies used to regulate the flow of liquid through flat-plate solar collectors are discussed and evaluated using a dynamic collector model. Performance of all strategies is compared using different set points, flow rates, insolation levels and patterns (clear and cloudy days), and ambient temperature conditions. The unique characteristic of the dynamic collector model is that it includes effects of collector capacitance. In general, capacitance has a minimal effect on long term collector performance; however, short term temperature response and the energy =storage capability of collector capacitance are shown to play significant roles in comparing on/off and proportional controllers. Inclusion of these effects has produced considerably more realistic simulations than any generated by steady-state models. Simulations indicate relative advantages and disadvantages of both types of controllers, conditions under which each performs better, and the importance of pump cycling and controller set points on total energy collection. Results show that the turn-on set point is not always a critical factor in energy collection since collectors store energy while they warm up and during cycling; and, that proportional flow controllers provide improved energy collection only during periods of interrupted or very low insolation when the maximum possible energy collection is rela= …

Purified and reconstituted cytochrome {und c} oxidase and mitochondria were crosslinked with biimidates in the presence and absence of cytochrome {und c}. These experiments indicate that oxidase subunit interactions are required for activity and that cytochrome {und c} mobility may be required for electron transport activity. Biimidate treatment of purified and reconstituted oxidase crosslinks all of the oxidase protomers except subunit I when {ge} 20% of the free amines are modified and inhibits steady state oxidase activity. Transient kinetics of ferrocytochrome {und c} oxidation and ferricytochrome {und a} reduction indicates inhibition of electron transfer from heme {und a} to heme {und a}{sub 3}. Crosslinking oxidase molecules to form large aggregates displaying rotational correlation times {ge} 1 ms does not affect oxidase activity. Crosslinking of mitochondria covalently binds the bc{sub 1} and {und aa}{sub 3} complexes to cytochrome {und c}, and inhibits steady-state oxidase activity considerably more than in the case of the purified oxidase. Addition of cytochrome {und c} to the purified oxidase or to {und c}-depleted mitoplasts increases inhibition slightly. Cytochrome {und c} oligomers act as competitive inhibitors of native {und c}, however, crosslinking of cytochrome {und c} to {und c}-depleted mitoplasts or purified oxidase (with dimethyl suberimidate or …

Interconversion, of graphite/AsF{sub 5} intercaltes and C{sub 12n}{sup +} AsF{sub 6}{sup -} salts, establishes the equilibrium: 3 AsF{sub 5} + 2 e{sup -} {r_reversible} 2 AsF{sub 6}{sup -} + AsF{sub 3}, for AsF{sub 5} intercalation, and simple staging/stoichiometry relationships exist for both the AsF{sub 5} and AsF{sub 6}{sup -} intercaltes. INTERCALATION of AsF{sub 5} into pyrolytic graphite produces an excellent metal and there has been much speculation on the nature of the guest species. Our interest in related AsF{sub 6}{sup -} salts prompted our examination of the AsF{sub 5} materials and from synchrotron-radiation As-absorption edge studies, we concluded that AsF{sub 5} was entering graphite by oxidation according to the equation: 3 AsF{sub 5} + 2e{sup -} {yields} 2 AsF{sub 6}{sup -} + AsF{sub 3}. The observation that AsF{sub 5} can be recovered from the intercalate, implied reversibility of (1), but the As-absorption edge studies did indicate essentially complete conversion to AsF{sub 6}{sup -} and AsF{sub 3}. There has been much reluctance to accept this interpretation. Some of this has derived from failure to find AsF{sub 3} in the gases from graphite-AsF{sub 5}. The failure to observe more than one {sup 19}F nmr resonance, and the large electron withdrawal from the …

We have searched for {anti {nu}}{sub e} from {mu}{sup +}{yields}e{sup +}{anti {nu}}{sub e}{nu}{sub {mu}} allowed by multiplicative but not additive muon conservation, and for {nu}{sub e} from {mu}{sup +}{yields}e{sup +}{nu}{sub e}{anti {nu}}{sub {mu}}, allowed by both. We used neutrinos from LAMPF and a six-ton Cerenkov counter filled with H{sub 2}O to look for {anti {nu}}{sub e}p{yields}ne{sup +} and filled with D{sub 2}O to look for {nu}{sub e}d{yields}ppe{sup -} . Our branching ratio ({mu}{sup +}{yields}e{sup +}{anti {nu}}{sub e}{nu}{sub {mu}})/({mu}{sup +}{yields}all) =-0.001 ± 0.040 is in excellent agreement with the additive law. Our cross section <{sigma}({nu}{sub e}d{yields}ppe{sup -})> = (0.52 ± 0.18) x 10{sup - 40} cm{sup 2} agrees with theory.

We present here what we believe to be the first electronic absorption spectrum of a molecular fragment ion, CD{sup +}. Preliminary results on the 0,0 vibrational band of the A-X electronic transition are presented. Our approach involves confining Ions to a small (1-2 cc) region of space within a cylindrical R. F. Trap of the type described by Langmuir. The Trap consists of three electrodes; a central hollow cylindrical electrode, and two cap electrodes which are positioned at each open end of the cylinder. A voltage of fixed frequency and variable amplitude is applied to the center electrode which is maintained at some variable bias voltage with respect to the end caps. The RF amplitude determines a range of charge to mass ratios for which stable ion trajectories within the trap exist. The biasing of the RF with respect to the end caps narrows this range of charge to mass ratios. This arrangement allowed us to operate with a mass resolution of +/- 1 a.m.u, in the present experiment.