Progress is reported in a project in which the objectives are to evaluate benefits associated with control of the surface energetic properties of materials used in heat exchangers, and to identify preferred ranges of these surface conditions that minimize deposits of biological fouling known to deteriorate heat exchange efficiencies in seawater, brackish water and freshwater systems. The technical approach employed uses special diagnostic plates in novel flow cells where fluid flow conditions can be well-controlled, modifying the surface chemistry and surface energy of the plates with very thin coatings and examining the earliest events of biofouling caused by macromolecules and microbial organisms. Information is included on exposure experiments and results and heat exchange experiments.

The paper describes the control and instrumentation for the Mirror Fusion Test Facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California, USA. This large-scale scientific experiment in controlled thermonuclear fusion, which is currently being expanded, originally had 3000 devices to control and 7000 sensors to monitor. A hierarchical computer control system, is used with nine minicomputers forming the supervisory system. There are approximately 55 local control and instrumentation microcomputers. In addition, each device has its own monitoring equipment, which in some cases consists of a small computer. After describing the overall system a more detailed account is given of the control and instrumentation for two large superconducting magnets.

A comparison is made between 1D and 2D hydrocode calculations and some recent experimental results on laser-driven planar shockwaves in disk targets. A simple model is described which accounts for the trends seen in the calculations and which gives insight into the regime of laser intensity and pulse duration where two-dimensional effects become significant in these experiments.

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

B-roll video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

B-roll video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

Photograph used for a story in the Oklahoma Times newspaper. Caption: "Chunks of the past are hammered out of the Historic Skirvin Plaza Hotel basement to make room for Skirvin Place, a collection of 13 shops."

B-roll video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

Weekly newspaper from Jacksboro, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.

Daily newspaper from Sulphur Springs, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

Photograph used for a newspaper owned by the Oklahoma Publishing Company. Caption: "Dr. Zeiner, Art - 1981"

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Dick Shepherd executive secretary of the National Association of Mature People left and Henry Cooper president honor Sister Phyllis Hunhoff for her work with the elderly."

Photograph used for a story in the Oklahoma Times newspaper. Caption: "Oweta Mehchorn shows off a handmade doll called "the Indian Princess" during a (native American arts and crafts show) recently at Oscar Rose Junior College, 6420 SE 15."

Photograph used for a story in the Oklahoma Times newspaper. Caption: "Coach Dana Johnson and 9-year-old Brandi Nikkel watch as Mindy Ross practices on the trampoline for the National Finals of the United States Acrogymnastics Federation, to be held July 4 weekend."

Photograph used for a story in the Oklahoma Times newspaper. Caption: "Office of the new director of the YWCA Rape Crisis Center, Joy L. Leutherd"

Photograph used for a story in the Oklahoma Times newspaper. Caption: "Rock'n'roll dessert topped a summertime picnic Monday night for, from left, Cindy Rice, Mary Jo Palm, Nancy Bradley and Patty Bradley at the Doobie Brothers show in the Oklahoma City Zoo Amphitheater."

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Unlike many Oklahomans, the flowers Lynn Marie Sather was selling Monday at an intersection near I-40 and Meridian were guaranteed not to wilt in summer heat."

Photograph used for a story in the Oklahoma Times newspaper. Caption: "Billy Siegfried, 4, sleeply waits with sister Susan, 13, while their father, Ed Siegfried of Ducan, checks their flight plans."

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.