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Experiments on eta-meson production
Following a review of some highlights of eta-meson characteristics, the status of eta-meson production experiments is reviewed. The physics motivations and first results of two LAMPF experiments on (..pi..,eta) reactions are discussed. Possible future experiments are also discussed. 42 refs., 12 figs., 4 tabs.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Peng, J.C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of the gas production economics of the gas hydrate cyclic thermal injection model. [Cyclic thermal injection]
The objective of the work performed under this directive is to assess whether gas hydrates could potentially be technically and economically recoverable. The technical potential and economics of recovering gas from a representative hydrate reservoir will be established using the cyclic thermal injection model, HYDMOD, appropriately modified for this effort, integrated with economics model for gas production on the North Slope of Alaska, and in the deep offshore Atlantic. The results from this effort are presented in this document. In Section 1, the engineering cost and financial analysis model used in performing the economic analysis of gas production from hydrates -- the Hydrates Gas Economics Model (HGEM) -- is described. Section 2 contains a users guide for HGEM. In Section 3, a preliminary economic assessment of the gas production economics of the gas hydrate cyclic thermal injection model is presented. Section 4 contains a summary critique of existing hydrate gas recovery models. Finally, Section 5 summarizes the model modification made to HYDMOD, the cyclic thermal injection model for hydrate gas recovery, in order to perform this analysis.
Date:
May 1, 1985
Creator:
Kuuskraa, V.A.; Hammersheimb, E. & Sawyer, W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
TRU Waste Sampling Program: Volume II. Gas generation studies
Volume II of the TRU Waste Sampling Program report contains the data generated from evaluating the adequacy of venting/filtering devices for maintaining safe hydrogen levels in plutonium contaminated waste drums. Additional studies reported in this volume include gas generation rates, selected waste form monitoring, and evaluation of hydrogen migration from sealed 90-mil rigid polyethylene drum liners containing /sup 238/Pu-contaminated wastes. All wastes used in the studies were newly-generated, and the waste drums were under controlled, experimental conditions. Studies using /sup 239/Pu-contaminated wastes were conducted at the Rocky Flats Plant. Studies using /sup 238/Pu-contaminated wastes were conducted at the Los Alamos National Laboratory.
Date:
September 1, 1985
Creator:
Clements, T.L. Jr. & Kudera, D.E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Charge exchange processes involving iron ions
A review and evaluation is given of the experimental data which are available for charge exchange processes involving iron ions and neutral H, H/sub 2/ and He. Appropriate scaling laws are presented, and their accuracy estimated for these systems. A bibliography is given of available data sources, as well as of useful data compilations and review articles. A procedure is recommended for providing single approximate formulae to the fusion community to describe total cross sections for electron capture by partially-stripped Fe/sup q+/ ions in collisions with H, H/sub 2/ and He, based on the scaling relationships suggested by Janev and Hvelplund.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Phaneuf, R.A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Preliminary measurements of gamma ray effects on characteristics of broad-band GaAs field-effect transistor preamplifiers
The effect of gamma radiation on electrical characteristics of cryogenically cooled broad-band low-noise microwave preamplifiers has been preliminarily evaluated. The change in the gain and noise figure of a 1-2 GHz preamplifier using GaAs microwave transistors was determined at gamma doses between 10/sup 5/ rad to 5 /times/ 10/sup 8/ rad. The gain and noise figure was measured at ambient temperatures of 300 K and 80 K. 8 refs., 2 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Jackson, H.G.; Shimizu, T.T. & Leskovar, B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Liquid helium dump concept for a large scale superconducting magnetic energy storage plant
Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) is a potentially cost effective technology for electric utility load leveling. Design concepts and cost estimates of SMES plants capable of delivering 5000 MWh daily have been previously identified. An important feature of a large commercial plant is a system that will reliably shut down the magnet by thermally dissipating the stored energy in the event of an imminent or actual loss of superconductivity. To prevent damage to the coil during such a protective energy dump, the entire coil must be driven ''normal'', i.e., resistive rather than superconducting, in a short period of time. This requires rapid removal of the liquid helium coolant surrounding the coil. This paper describes a simple system that has been developed to rapidly remove the liquid helium from the helium vessel. The system requires only a small number of active components, no external helium storage, and is practical to reset and maintain.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Schoenung, S. M.; Loyd, R. J.; Nakamura, T.; Rogers, J. D. & Purcell, J. R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Bounce-averaged Fokker-Planck code for stellarator transport
A computer code for solving the bounce-averaged Fokker-Planck equation appropriate to stellarator transport has been developed, and its first applications made. The code is much faster than the bounce-averaged Monte-Carlo codes, which up to now have provided the most efficient numerical means for studying stellarator transport. Moreover, because the connection to analytic kinetic theory of the Fokker-Planck approach is more direct than for the Monte-Carlo approach, a comparison of theory and numerical experiment is now possible at a considerably more detailed level than previously.
Date:
July 1, 1985
Creator:
Mynick, H.E. & Hitchon, W.N.G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of government tribology programs
An assessment has been made to determine current tribology research and development work sponsored or conducted by the government. Data base surveys and discussions were conducted to isolate current projects sponsored primarily by 21 different government organizations. These projects were classified by subject, objective, energy relevance, type of research, phenomenon being investigated, variables being studied, type of motion, materials and application. An abstract of each project was prepared which included the classification, sponsor, performing organization and a project description. It was found that current work is primarily materials oriented to meet military requirements. Other than the high temperature programs very few of the tribology projects accomplish energy related objectives.
Date:
September 1, 1985
Creator:
Peterson, M.B. & Levinson, T.M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Indoor concentrations of radon 222 and its daughters: sources, range, and environmental influences
The author here reviews what is presently known about factors affecting indoor concentrations of radon 222 and its daughters. In US single-family homes, radon concentrations are found to average about 1.5 pCi/1, but substantially higher concentrations occur frequently: perhaps a million US homes have concentrations exceeding 8 pCi/1 (from which occupants receive radiation doses comparable to those now experienced by uranium miners). The major contributor to indoor radon is ordinary soil underlying homes, with this radon being transported indoors primarily by the slight depressurization that occurs toward the bottom of a house interior (due to indoor-outdoor temperature differences and winds). Water from underground sources contributes significantly in a minority of cases, primarily residences with private wells, with public water supplies contributing only a few percent of indoor radon, even when drawn from wells. The strong variability in indoor concentrations is associated primarily with variability in the amount of radon entering homes from these various sources, and secondarily with differences in ventilation rates. However, for a given entry rate, the ventilation rate is the key determinant of indoor concentrations. Human doses are also influenced strongly by the chemical behavior of the daughters (i.e., decay products of radon), and considerable progress has …
Date:
April 1, 1985
Creator:
Nero, A.V. Jr.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Making sense of anomalous gauge theories
An anomalous gauge theory is defined here as a gauge theory in which the field equation is inconsistent and gauge invariance is lost. A conventional approach to anomalous gauge theories, that of adjusting the fermion content so the anomaly vanishes, is discussed, followed by a mathematically coherent frame for anomalies. 10 refs. (LEW)
Date:
September 1, 1985
Creator:
Jackiw, R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Structural study of multilayered vanadium/nickel superlattices
We have studied the microstructure of V/Ni metallic superlattice, using x-ray and neutron diffraction. We find a sharp and broad rocking curves around the first-order Bragg peak, and attribute them to a columnar structure which gives rise to two modulation structures; one the ordinary layered structure within the columns and the other the averaged modulation structure which produces the sharp rocking peak.
Date:
July 1, 1985
Creator:
Homma, H.; Lepetre, Y.; Murduck, J.M.; Schuller, I.K. & Majkrzak, C.F.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electrical Conductivity Measurements in Shock Compressed Liquid Nitrogen
The electrical conductivity of shock compressed liquid nitrogen was measured in the pressure range 20 to 50 GPa using a two-stage light-gas gun. The conductivities covered a range 4 x 10/sup -2/ to 1 x 10/sup 2/ ohm/sup -1/ cm/sup -1/. The data are discussed in terms of a liquid semiconductor model below the onset of the dissociative phase transition at 30 GPa. 15 refs., 1 fig.
Date:
June 1, 1985
Creator:
Hamilton, D. C.; Mitchell, A. C. & Nellis, W. J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Draft Transportation Institutional Plan
The Department of Energy recognizes that the success of its program to develop and implement a national system for nuclear waste management and disposal depends on broad-based public understanding and acceptance. While each program element has its particular sensitivity, the transportation of the waste may potentially affect the greatest number of people, and accordingly is highly visible and potentially issue-laden. Therefore, the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management has developed this Transportation Institutional Plan to lay the foundation for interaction among all interested parties for the purpose of identifying and resolving issues of concern. The Plan is divided into four chapters. Chapter 1 provides bachground information and discusses the purpose of the Plan and the policy guidance for establishing the transportation system. Chapter 2 introduces the major participants who must interact to build both the system itself and the consensus philosophy that is essential for effective operations. Chapter 3 suggests mechanisms for interaction that will ensure wide participation in program planning and implementation. And, finally, Chapter 4 suggests a framework for managing and resolving the issues related to development and operation of the transportation system. A list of acronyms and a glossary are included for the reader's convenience. The Plan's …
Date:
September 1, 1985
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Robotic sample preparation for radiochemical plutonium and americium analyses
A Zymate robotic system has been assembled and programmed to prepare samples for plutonium and americium analyses by radioactivity counting. The system performs two procedures: a simple dilution procedure and a TTA (xylene) extraction of plutonium. To perform the procedures, the robotic system executes 11 unit operations such as weighing, pipetting, mixing, etc. Approximately 150 programs, which require 64 kilobytes of memory, control the system. The system is now being tested with high-purity plutonium metal and plutonium oxide samples. Our studies indicate that the system can give results that agree within 5% at the 95% confidence level with determinations performed manually. 1 ref., 1 fig., 1 tab.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Stalnaker, N.; Beugelsdijk, T.; Thurston, A. & Quintana, J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Expert systems for design and simulation
We discuss work in progress on two expert systems. We are developing systems that use artificial intelligence techniques to simplify the use of large simulation codes and to help design complicated physical devices. The simulation codes are used in analyzing and designing weapons, and the devices are themselves part of weapon systems. But we focus not only on the particular applications, but also on the broader issues common to design problems: large solution spaces and tentative reasoning. We also discuss some practical difficulties encountered during the project. One expert system provides an interface between users and several simulation codes. It checks input for errors, builds input files for the codes, and submits jobs to a central computing facility. The other expert system helps turn a description of a device into a particular design. Currently this expert system includes three major parts: a translator of descriptions into designs, a graphics interface that presents the design to the user and allows him to manipulate it, and a refiner of designs. The latter is the ''smartest'' part of the system, and the target of much of our present efforts.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Aldridge, J.; Cerutti, J.; Draisin, W. & Steuerwalt, M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Study of quark fragmentation in e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation at 29 GeV: charged particle multiplicity distributions
This paper presents the charged particle multiplicity distributions for e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation at ..sqrt..s = 29 GeV measured in the High Resolution Spectrometer. The data, which correspond to an integrated luminosity of 185 pb/sup -1/, were obtained at the e/sup +/e/sup -/ storage ring PEP. The techniques used to obtain the original distributions from the observed prong numbers are discussed. The multiplicity distribution of the charged particles with a two jet selection has a mean value <Nch> = 13.02 +- 0.03 +- 0.5; and a dispersion D = 3.84 +- 0.02 +- 0.1. The mean multiplicity increases with the event sphericity. No correlation is observed between the multiplicities in the two jets that characterize most of the events. For the single jets a value of D = 2.71 +- 0.02 +- 0.06 is measured which gives further support the idea of independent jet fragmentation. When compared with e/sup +/e/sup -/ data at other energies, the multiplicity distributions exhibit the scaling behavior in the mean first suggested by Koba, Nielsen and Olsen (KNO). The KNO distribution in the central rapidity interval is broader than that for the whole rapidity span and agrees well with the generalized Bose-Einstein formula for three …
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Derrick, M.; Kooijman, P.; Loos, J.S.; Musgrave, B.; Price, L.E.; Schlereth, J. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Semiclassical methods in chemical dynamics
A general semiclassical (multidimensional WKB-type) approximation to quantum mechanics is reviewed. The principal feature of the approach is that it is able to incorporate the exact classical mechanics of the system and also the quantum principle of superposition. Applications to inelastic and reactive scattering, and to statistical mechanics and reaction rates are discussed. 13 refs.
Date:
March 1, 1985
Creator:
Miller, W. H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Table of radioactive elements
As has been the custom in the past, the Commission publishes a table of relative atomic masses and halflives of selected radionuclides. The information contained in this table will enable the user to calculate the atomic weight for radioactive materials with a variety of isotopic compositions. The atomic masses have been taken from the 1984 Atomic Mass Table. Some of the halflives have already been documented.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Holden, Norman E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Combined electrochemical/surface science investigations of Pt/Cr alloy electrodes
Chromium addition improves the performance of carbon-supported Pt electrodes for oxygen reduction in phosphoric acid fuel cells. To clarify the role of chromium and its chemical nature at the electrode surface, we have performed a combined electrochemical/surface science investigation of a series of bulk Pt/sub x/Cr/sub (1-x)/ alloys (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 1). In this paper we report the surface characterization of the starting electrodes by XPS, electrochemical results from cyclic voltammetry in 85% phosphoric acid, and post-electrochemical surface characterization. For Cr contents less than 40%, the electrodes were quite stable up to +1.6 V vs DHE. The surface Cr was largely oxidized to Cr/sup +3/ for surfaces at open circuit ad those exposed at potentials < +1.4 V. For intermediate Cr levels, Cr was leached from the surface region by +1.5 V, leaving a porous Pt electrode with increased electrochemical hydrogen adsorption capacity. For Pt/sub 0.2//Cr/sub 0.8/, treatments at +1.4 V and above led to the appearance of Pt/sup 4 +/ and Cr/sup 6 +/ species, apparently stabilized in a porous phosphate overlayer up to 50 A thick. The Pt electrochemical hydrogen adsorption capacity was simultaneously increased by a factor of …
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Daube, K. A.; Paffett, M. T.; Gottesfeld, S. & Campbell, C. T.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cold iron cos THETA magnet option for the SSC
We review first the evolution over the past several years of a cold iron, high field cos THETA magnet design option for the SSC. We note the collaborative approach pursued by BNL and LBL on the 2-in-1 option, and the culmination of this effort in the tests of the BNL 4.5 m model magnets. Next, we discuss the subsequent 1-in-1 option being pursued jointly by BNL, Fermilab and LBL.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Reardon, P.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear masses far from stability: the interplay of theory and experiment
Mass models seek, by a variety of theoretical approaches, to reproduce the measured mass surface and to predict unmeasured masses beyond it. Subsequent measurements of these predicted nuclear masses permit an assessment of the quality of the mass predictions from the various models. Since the last comprehensive revision of the mass predictions (in the mid-to-late 1970's) over 300 new masses have been reported. Global analyses of these data have been performed by several numerical and graphical methods. These have identified both the strengths and weaknesses of the models. In some cases failures in individual models are distinctly apparent when the new mass data are plotted as functions of one or more selected physical parameters. Several examples will be given. Future theoretical efforts will also be discussed.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Haustein, P.E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Confinement scaling and ignition in tokamaks
A drift wave turbulence model is used to compute the scaling and magnitude of central electron temperature and confinement time of tokamak plasmas. The results are in accord with experiment. Application to ignition experiments shows that high density (1 to 2) . 10/sup 15/ cm/sup -3/, high field, B/sub T/ > 10 T, but low temperature T approx. 6 keV constitute the optimum path to ignition.
Date:
October 1, 1985
Creator:
Perkins, F.W. & Sun, Y.C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Trends in the study of light proton rich nuclei
Recent work in light proton-rich nuclei is reviewed. Evidence for the first T/sub z/ = -5/2 nuclide, /sup 35/Ca, is presented. The mechanisms of two-proton emission following beta-decay is investigated. Future directions in this field are discussed. 23 refs., 5 figs. (WRF)
Date:
September 1, 1985
Creator:
Moltz, D. M.; Aysto, J.; Hotchkis, M. A. C. & Cerny, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
TRU Waste Sampling Program: Volume I. Waste characterization
Volume I of the TRU Waste Sampling Program report presents the waste characterization information obtained from sampling and characterizing various aged transuranic waste retrieved from storage at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory and the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The data contained in this report include the results of gas sampling and gas generation, radiographic examinations, waste visual examination results, and waste compliance with the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant-Waste Acceptance Criteria (WIPP-WAC). A separate report, Volume II, contains data from the gas generation studies.
Date:
September 1, 1985
Creator:
Clements, T.L. Jr. & Kudera, D.E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library