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Fiscal Year 2002
3
Winter Fuels Report
2
ARM Facilities Newsletter
1
Ames Laboratory Reports
1
Bench-Scale Co-Processing Quarterly Report
1
Carbon Sequestration on Surface Mine Lands Quarterly Report
1
Direct FuelCell/Turbine Power Plant Annual Report
1
Fiscal Year 1998
1
Fiscal Year 2000
1
Fiscal Year 2001
1
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The coupling of stimulated Raman and Brillouin scattering in a plasma
The observation of an anti-Stokes satellite in the spectrum of light backscattered from a CO{sub 2} laser plasma is reported. Its origin is found to be Thomson scattering of the incident light from a counterpropagating mode-coupled plasma wave. The parent electron and ion waves in the mode-coupling process were driven by stimulated Raman and Brillouin backscattering. The parent and daughter plasma waves were detected by ruby laser Thomson scattering. A computer simulation modeling the experiment shows further cascading of the Stokes backscattered light to lower frequencies, apparently due to its rescattering by another, higher phase velocity, counterpropagating coupled mode. Comparisons with theoretical predictions are presented. 16 refs., 4 figs.
Date:
September 19, 1988
Creator:
Umstadter, D.; Mori, W.B. & Joshi, C. (Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (USA))
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tandem mirror reactor with thermal barriers
This report gives detailed information in the form of the following chapters: (1) overview, (2) plasma physics, (3) magnets, (4) end-plug neutral beams, (5) barrier pump neutral beams, (6) ecr heating, (7) plasma direct converter, and (8) central cell. (MOW)
Date:
September 19, 1979
Creator:
Carlson, G. A.; Arfin, B.; Barr, W. L.; Boghosian, B. M.; Erickson, J. L.; Fink, J. H. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
High-temperature electrically conductive ceramic and method for making same
It is the primary objective or aim of the present invention to provide an electrically conductive composition for the fabrication of susceptors useful for induction melting of uranium and uranium alloys and to also provide such a composition for forming crucibles and other containment vessels utilized to contain uranium at elevated temperatures. This composition does not appear to interact with molten uranium, since there is no significant reaction between the compositional consituents of the susceptor or containment vessel and the confined uranium. This objective is achieved by utilizing a sintered ceramic composition which consists essentially of about 13-67 vol. % of a refractory metal carbide and a nonconductive oxide selected from a group consisting of zirconium oxide, calcium aluminate, yttria, and combinations thereof.
Date:
June 19, 1981
Creator:
Holcombe, C.E. Jr. & Masters, D.R.
Object Type:
Patent
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Inertial fusion power for space applications
More than thirty-seven design concepts have been proposed for terrestrial ICF power plants. The design space is large because of the many allowable driver and reaction chamber combinations. These design studies have illustrated advantages of ICF power plants over other sources in lower impact on the environment, high safety, and almost no dependence on consumables like fuel. The fact that, once built, a 1000 MW/sub e/ ICF power plant would require only 240 kg of deuterium and from 770 to 9260 kg of lithium to run for five years (at 70% capacity factor) makes it potentially attractive for space power also. However, the designs proposed to date have emphasized features that would make the plant attractive for terrestrial applications, where economics, efficiency, and environmental considerations dominate. The resulting plants are large and contain many very heavy components that would not be at attractive for space applications. In this paper, we evaluate alternative ICF driver and reactor technologies using space application criteria and also discuss how some of those technologies can be altered to produce smaller, lighter fusion power sources for space.
Date:
May 19, 1986
Creator:
Meier, W. R.; Hogan, W. J.; Hoffman, N. J.; Murray, K. A. & Olson, R. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Brayton-cycle heat-recovery system characterization program. Component test plan
The critical components of the glass furnace subject to corrosion/erosion are: the valve gate and the valve seat bottom and sides which can also be subject to warpage causing subsequent leakage and the furnace flues (or ducting). The Brayton System will be added to the glass furnace just downstream of the reversal valve. Hence, the inlet air to the flues will no longer be at ambient temperature but at a higher level between 800 to 1000/sup 0/F. Also, the exhaust gas for the Brayton System is required to be 1500 to 1600/sup 0/F at these locations. Thus, the flues and valve components will be exposed to a much higher average temperature operating with the Brayton System. The possibility of cracking of the refractory linings and warpage and scaling of the switching valve, with consequent leakage to the exhaust stream should be avoided or decreased as much as feasible because of its effect of lowering the turbine inlet temperature and thus the total system value. On the inlet side, leakage dilutes the heat added to the air (which is preheated) and reduces the expected fuel savings. Assessment of such effects and determination of potential solutions and/or improvements in these areas is …
Date:
January 19, 1981
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Reports distributed under the NRC Light-Water Reactor Safety Research Foreign Technical Exchange Program. Volume III, January--June 1977
Lists of documents exchanged during the first half of 1977 under agreements between the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission's Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research and the governments of France, Federal Republic of Germany, and Japan are presented. During this period, the NRC received 41 reports from France, 29 from F. R. Germany, and 24 from Japan, and in return sent 107 U.S. reports to each of these three countries.
Date:
September 19, 1977
Creator:
Sharp, D. S. & Cottrell, W. B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Neutral beam injection system for the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor
The Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor will be installed at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory facility. This is a major step to reach the goal of fusion power using toroidal magnetic fields for plasma confinement. A major part of this test reactor will be four neutral beam injection systems. These systems will inject 20 MW of 120 kV neutral deuterium atoms into the plasma for 0.5 seconds. In order to achieve the required power input to the plasma, several systems are required within the neutral beam line. These are the source, neutralizer, ion deflection magnet, calorimeter and retraction system, ion dump, cryopumps and vacuum enclosure. All of these systems have constraints imposed which increase the complexity of their designs. Since all systems must operate in a tritium environment, remote handling capabilities must be incorporated into the design. An overview is presented of the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory/Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Neutral Beam Injection System design. Specifications for the machine and a general description of the total system are presented.
Date:
October 19, 1977
Creator:
Pittenger, L.C.; Stone, R.R.; Valby, L.E. & Pedrotti, L.R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
High temperature ceramic membrane reactors for coal liquid upgrading
Ceramic membranes are a new class of materials, which have shown promise in a variety of industrial applications. Their mechanical and chemical stability coupled with a wide range of operating temperatures and pressures make them suitable for environments found in coal liquid upgrading. In this project we will evaluate the performance of Sel-Gel alumina membranes in coal liquid upgrading processes under realistic temperature and pressure conditions and investigate the feasibility of using such membranes in a membrane reactor based coal liquid upgrading process. In addition, the development of novel ceramic membranes with enhanced catalytic activity for coal-liquid upgrading applications, such as carbon-coated alumina membranes, will be also investigated.
Date:
June 19, 1992
Creator:
Tsotsis, T.T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Correlation between predicted and observed levels of airborne tritium at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory site boundary
At the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, a computer code based on the Gaussian plume model is used to estimate radiation doses from routine or accidental release of airborne radioactive material. Routine releases of tritium have been used as a test of the overall uncertainty associated with these estimates. The ration of concentration to release rate at distances from the two principal release points to each of six site boundary sampling locations has been calcuated using local meteorological data. The concentration of airborne tritiated water vapor is continuously measured at the six sampling stations as part of the Laboratory's environmental monitoring program. Comparison of predicted with observed annual tritiated water concentrations in 1978 showed an average ratio of 2.6 with a range of from 0.97 to 5.8.
Date:
February 19, 1980
Creator:
Lindeken, C. L.; Silver, W. J.; Toy, A. J. & White, J. H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Continued investigations into techniques producing selective chemical reactions on surfaces and target spheres and related studies. Final report
This report describes efforts leading to the development and characterization of a compact ion source and optical transfer system producing relatively high current density ion beams. The ion source and beam transfer system represent a major advance in the state of the art in that high current densities at low kinetic energies have been achieved for high molecular weight polyatomic ions. Indeed, the ion beams produced display ion abundance patterns typical of simple low energy electron impact ionization processes.
Date:
February 19, 1982
Creator:
Denton, M.B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Determination of first-order machine parameters from particle physics requirements. Group 1. Summary report. Primary parametric relationships. I
High luminosity will be necessary for the study of many of the new phenomena expected in the SSC energy region. Particle detectors, however, are limited in the number of simultaneous interactions which they can handle, and thus need a good duty cycle with collisions spread out in time to the greatest extent possible. To avoid the larger number of stored protons required for continuous beams, we have considered bunched beams of protons crossing at a small angle. Plots are given of the dependence on bunch separation of the emittance, number of protons, etc., needed for 10/sup 33/ cm/sup -2/ sec/sup -1/. In order to minimize the number of stored protons (approx. 10/sup 14//ring), an emittance roughly ten times smaller than that presently achieved at high energies is required for a bunch separation of 6 meters (20 nsec).
Date:
January 19, 1984
Creator:
Diebold, R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
System design for the new TMX machine
The Tandem Mirror Experiment (TMX) is designed to test the physics of a new approach to Q-enhancement in open confinement systems. In the tandem mirror concept, the ends of a long solenoid are plugged electrostatically by means of ambipolar potential barriers created in two mirror machines or plugs, one at each end of the solenoid. The ambipolar potential in mirror machines develops as a consequence of the higher scattering rate of electrons and the balancing of electron and ion loss rates. The TMX experiment incorporates very few new engineering developments, but it does involve a new way of combining in an integrated system many previously developed ideas. The engineering task is to design the machine that would provide a proof-of-principle evaluation of the tandem mirror concept as rapidly as possible. The preliminary design was started in September 1976 and was completed by December 1976. It led to a cost estimate of $11 million and a scheduled construction period of 18 months.
Date:
October 19, 1977
Creator:
Chargin, A. K.; Calderon, M. O.; Mooney, L. J. & Vogtlin, G. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fireset
FIRESET is a PC-based computer code which calculates current as a function of time for an RLC circuit containing up to fifteen series conductors which undergo rapid heating and subsequent explosion as a consequence of an electric current which passes through them. In its original form, the code was developed to model electrical waveforms measured when a large, typically 25.4 x 25.4 x 0.051-mm, aluminum foil was exploded using a capacitor bank with tens of kilojoules of stored energy. The code proved to be useful for this purpose, and it was recognized that it could also be used for modeling the electrical response of detonator bridgewires. In view of the increasing use of slapper detonators for DOD applications, we wish to make the latest version of the code, available to DOD laboratories and contractors for use in designing firing systems which employ slapper or exploding bridgewire detonators. This document provides instructions for the code.
Date:
February 19, 1988
Creator:
Lee, R. S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Study of capital requirements for solar energy. Final report, Volume 1. Analysis of the macroeconomic effects of increased solar energy market penetration
This report defines the analytical framework for, and presents the results of, a study to determine the macroeconomic effects of increased market penetration of solar energy technologies over the 1977-2000 time period. For the purposes of this document, solar technologies are defined as wind, photovoltaics, ocean thermal electric (OTEC), small-scale (non-utility) hydroelectric and all solar active and passive thermal technologies. This research has been undertaken in support of the National Plan to Accelerate Commercialization (NPAC) of Solar Energy. The capital and operating requirements for three market penetration levels are first determined; the effects of these requirements on economic performance are then estimated using the Hudson-Jorgenson Energy/Economic Model. The analytical design, computational methods, data sources, assumptions and scenario configurations for this analysis are defined in detail. The results of the analysis of the economic impact of solar energy are presented in detail, and the implications of these results are discussed. Appendix A explains the methodology for transforming investment to capital stocks. Appendix B, which is provided in a separate volume, describes the Hudson-Jorgenson Model in greater detail. (WHK)
Date:
July 19, 1979
Creator:
Pleatsikas, C.J.; Hudson, E.A.; O'Connor, D.C. & Funkhouser, D.H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Thermal conductivity of rocksalt and other geologic materials from the site of the proposed waste isolation pilot plant
The measurements first reported by Acton on the thermal conductivity of samples taken from a borehole at the site of the proposed nuclear waste isolation pilot plant (WIPP) near Carlsbad, NM, have been extended to include additional samples and higher temperature measurements. Samples for measurements were taken from several depths of three wells, including the well AEC 8 from which Acton obtained his samples. These samples ranged from relatively pure rocksalt (NaCl) with small amounts of interstitial anhydrite to essentially nonsalt samples composed of gypsum or clay. The measurements in this latest series were conducted at Sandia, the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL), and at Dynatech Corp. In general, the data from the three laboratories agreed reasonably well for similar coarse grained translucent rock salt samples, with the LASL and Sandia results typically being about 20% higher than those of Dynatceh. On the basis of these experiments, it is concluded that the thermal conductivity of materials found at the site can be predicted to an accuracy +-30% from knowledge of the composition and grain size of these materials.
Date:
March 19, 1980
Creator:
Sweet, J.N. & McCreight, J.E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fuel Gas Demonstration Plant Program: Small-Scale Industrial Project. Final report, Phase I
During the Erie internal alternate fuel review in 1976, the ERDA RFP for small scale demonstration plants was released and Erie responded. The basis of the contract proposal included design, construction and operation of a Demonstration Plant, which could be expanded to a full-sized industrial plant. The government specifically required the ability to handle Eastern, high-caking, high-sulfur coal. Erie's proposal was to utilize low-caking, low-sulfur coals with the Eastern coals optional. Phase I activity included selection of a gasifier and bids were solicited in October 1977. Babcock Contractors, Inc. was selected in February 1978, based on price and technical evaluation of the gasifiers. Some delay was experienced in selection activity due to late bids and clarification of bid proposals. Prior to selection activities, Erie, McKee and DOE participated in a gasifier inspection trip, visiting 11 plants in South Africa, Italy and Czechoslovakia. The operations, maintenance and designs included by the solicited vendors were evaluated and compared with site observations. Knowledge gained from the trip was used to evaluate the gasifiers and initiated various trade-off studies to resolve questionable areas. As design work progressed, delays were incurred with subcontractors due to late funding, delayed contractual approvals and disputes arising from DOE …
Date:
April 19, 1979
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Study of capital requirements for solar energy. Final report, Volume 2. Appendix B: The Hudson-Jorgenson energy/economic model (Long-term interindustry transactions model): a description
The Hudson-Jorgenson Energy/Economic Model - formally known as the Long Term Interindustry Transactions Model (LITM) - is an econometric model of the structure of the US economy. LITM integrates two separate models into one integrated system. These models are the Macroeconomic Model, a growth model incorporating the underlying trends of economic development, and the Interindustry Model, an endogenous coefficient input-output model of the structure of the economy incorporating patterns of expenditure, prices, and production on a sectoral basis. LITM emphasizes the energy system and its role within the economy. Applications of LITM have, therefore, focused on energy, the effect of energy changes on the economy, and the effect of econometric changes on the energy system. In addition, LITM can be used as framework for long term economic projection and structural analysis.
Date:
July 19, 1979
Creator:
Hudson, E.A. & Jorgenson, D.W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Determination of the pipe stemming load
A mechanical model for the emplacement pipe system is developed. The model is then employed to determine the force applied to the surface collar of the emplacement pipe, the pipe-stemming load, and the stress along the emplacement pipe as a function of stemming height. These results are presented as integrals and a method for their numerical integration is given.
Date:
October 19, 1979
Creator:
Cowin, S. C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Initial operation and performance of the PDX neutral-beam injection system
In 1981, the joint ORNL/PPPL PDX neutral beam heating project succeeded in reliably injecting 7.2 MW of D/sup 0/ into the PDX plasma, at nearly perpendicular angles, and achieved ion temperatures up to 6.5 keV. The expeditious achievement of this result was due to the thorough conditioning and qualification of the PDX neutral beam ion sources at ORNL prior to delivery coupled with several field design changes and improvements in the injection system made at PPPL as a result of neutral beam operating experience with the PLT tokamak. It has been found that the operation of high power neutral beam injection systems in a tokamak-neutral beam environment requires procedures and performance different from those required for development operation on test stands. In this paper, we review the installatin of the PDX neutral beam injection system, and its operation and performance during the initial high power plasma heating experiments with the PDX tokamak.
Date:
January 19, 1982
Creator:
Kugel, H. W.; Eubank, H. P.; Kozub, T. A.; Rossmassler, J. E.; Schilling, G.; van Halle, A. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Bench-scale co-processing
The objective of this contract is to extend and optimize UOP's single-stage, slurry-catalyzed co-processing scheme. The particular emphasis is one evaluating alternative and disposable slurry-catalyst systems. During the current quarter, Lloydminster vacuum resid was processed without the presence of coal. The objective of this study was to evaluate the manner in which the resid is upgraded at high-severity conditions to help understand the function of the resid during co-processing. This report coves Bench-Scale Runs 30 to 34. In Runs 30 to 34, Lloydminster vacuum resid was processed without the presence of coal using a 0.05 wt % molybdenum-based catalyst at 465{degrees}C.
Date:
February 19, 1992
Creator:
Piasecki, C.A. & Gatsis, J.G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Carbonate scaling - literature review and analysis
A survey of the literature on carbonate scaling is presented as it affects geothermal fluid systems. The geothermal brine, as the fluid is called, contains a number of chemical constituents which have leached into it from the reservoir rock. As the hot fluid is withdrawn through wells, a flow of steam, water, or a mixture of steam and water, results. If the well flows at a high enough rate, some brine will flash to steam because of the pressure drop, resulting in the steam/water flow mixture. The chemical composition of the brines is tabulated as the composition of the components in the water system before flashing and the composition of the non-condensible gases after flashing. Total dissolved solids vary from that of ordinary well water to concentrated solutions as high as 40% by weight. Calcium is a major cationic constituent, and biocarbonate an important anionic constituent of the brine. Prevention/treatment techniques, specific site experimental results, and computer models are presented.
Date:
February 19, 1979
Creator:
Pepper, J.C. & Larkin, B.J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An experimental study of NO sub x recycle in the NOXSO flue gas cleanup process
This current project is pilot-scale testing of NO{sub x} recycle. The objective is to provide further fundamental understanding and useful information for its implementation at the Niles station. A Babcock Wilcox's 6 million Btu/hr Small Boiler Simulator (SBS) has been chosen to perform the tests. The SBS is the same type of cyclone furnace as that at Niles and simulates a large cyclone unit very well. The project involves conducting a series of tests which include injecting NO, NO{sub 2}, N{sub 2}O, and simulated NO{sub x} recycle stream respectively. The work performed during this reporting period focused on the site preparation, shakedown tests, and baseline tests. The shakedown testing of NO injection into the primary air stream alone and the secondary air stream alone showed promising results. A large amount of NO injected into furnace was destroyed, especially when the NO was injected into the primary air duct. However, the measuring instrumentation needs to be improved to give accurate data.
Date:
February 19, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Status of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory free electron laser (FEL)
A description of the FEL experiment underway at the 10 kA, 5 MeV Experimental Test Accelerator (ETA) is described. The facility has been designed to investigate the high-gain operation of an FEL.
Date:
September 19, 1983
Creator:
Orzechowski, T.J.; Moebus, M.C.; Penko, F.A.; Prosnitz, D.; Rogers, D.; Chavis, C.S. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Influence of gyroradius and dissipation on the Alfven-wave continuum
It is well known that in ideal magnetohydrodynamics there is a continuous spectrum of real frequencies associated with a singularity of the shear Alfven waves on the surface k/sub parallel to/v/sub A/ = omega. It is also known that the introduction of first-order gyroradius effects eliminates the continuum. In the present work we examine the influence of the full gyroradius response and of dissipation on the continuum. In the absence of dissipation we first confirm that if only first-order gyroradius effects are incorporated, the continuum disappears. However, when the full gyroradius response is included, this discrete spectrum vanishes, and a new continuum (associated with singularities at k/sub parallel to/v/sub A/ = 0) appears. The introduction of collisional dissipation removes the original MHD continuum leaving discrete modes whose frequency tends to zero with the collision rate as ..nu../sup 1/3/. collisions also remove the new continuum of the full gyroradius model leaving discrete modes whose frequency tends to zero as (log ..nu..)/sup -1/. Collisionless Landau damping has a similar effect.
Date:
January 19, 1982
Creator:
Connor, J. W.; Tang, W. M. & Taylor, J. B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library