The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Richard Hanna. Hanna was born in Pennsylvania and joined the Marine Corps before his 18th birthday. He had basic training in California and shares a few anecdotes from that time. After he completed training, he was shipped to Pavuvu where he joined the Seventh Marines, First Marine Division. He landed on Okinawa in the eleventh wave ashore and shares many stories about combat. Hanna was eventually wounded by a Japanese hand grenade. When the war ended, Hanna went to China to repatriate Japanese troops to the Home Islands. When Hanna returned home in 1946, he elected to be discharged.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Edwin LeBreton. LeBreton was born in Louisiana and was in the Army National Guard stationed in Texas when Pearl Harbor was attacked. He served in an engineering outfit before entering military intelligence. After the war, LeBreton was sent to an engineer depot in Japan. After leaving Japan, he was stationed in France at another supply depot.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Allen Ensor. Ensor joined the Navy in 1940 and was assigned to USS Nashville (CL-43). He was aboard for the Doolittle Raid, some action in the Aleutian Islands and the Solomon Islands and New Guinea as part of Seventh Fleet. He was eventually transferred from the Nashville to shore duty in California training amphibious boat crews. Ensor shares anecdotes about piping General MacArthur aboard the Nashville, shore leave in Australia and training boat crews in California.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Frank Kullman. Kullman joined the Navy in June 1942 and received basic training at Camp Perry. He traveled there by steam locomotive, poking his head out the window to enjoy the scenery. When the DI saw his soot-covered face, he told Kullman to step aside with the African-Americans. But Kullman stayed and performed at the top of his class in gunnery training. His disinterest in the military however, kept him from advancing, and he joined the 107th Naval Construction Battalion, despite having no prior construction experience. He noticed that regulars in the Navy were resentful toward those Seabees who became officers based on civilian work experience. Arriving at Tinian in early September 1944, Americans were still being killed by snipers. Food was compromised, causing a dysentery outbreak. Canine search units found more than 150 Japanese holdouts. On an excursion to an abandoned ammunition dump, Kullman found and detonated a grenade out of curiosity. Upon his return to camp, he was charged with going AWOL, court martialed, and assigned to KP. After the war, the giddiness was tangible. On New Year’s Eve, men fired their rifles through their roofs; …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Joseph Garofalo. Garofalo worked for Elco as a carpenter at the beginning of the war. He then joined the Navy to become a Seabee. Garofalo was assigned to the 121st Construction Battalion and was attached to the 4th Marine Division. He describes the combat landings on Roi-Namur, Saipan, and Tinian. Garofalo discusses the combat and conditions that he encountered in each battle. He mentions a close call with a Japanese grenade, being pushed out of cover into sniper fire by his commanding officer, and a large explosion of a torpedo bunker which caused many casualties on Rio-Namur. Garofalo details his experiences on Saipan including helping load casualties on landing craft and seeing the Japanese commit large-scale suicide at the end of the battle. He also describes working on the airstrip on Tinian and the lack of rations that were available. Garofalo returned to the US at the end of the war and describes an encounter with Bob Hope.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Eugene Pace. Pace was born in New Castle, Pennsylvania on 14 April 1924. Upon joining the Navy in 1942, he went to boot camp at Sampson, New York. After attending Motor Machinist Mate’s school in Boston, he went to Bath, Maine where he reported aboard the USS Healy (DD-672). In January 1944 the ship joined Task Force 58 and participated in the invasion of the Marshall Islands. Pace tells of participating in various invasions, among them were Guam, Marianas, Leyte, and Iwo Jima. The ship returned to San Francisco in April 1945. He was discharged in November 1945.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with James Caronna. Caronna joined the Navy in June of 1944. He was assigned to specialized beach battalion training, including landing LCVPs, setting explosives, completing booby trap school and bayonet fighting. In November of 1944 Caronna was assigned to the USS Neshoba (APA-216), working the 40mm antiaircraft gun. From December of 1944 through March of 1946 he served aboard the USS Natrona (APA-214). They participated in the Battle of Okinawa. They transported Japanese prisoners to Guam and a Seabee unit to Samar. Caronna was discharged in June of 1946.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Lester Meis. Meis joined the Navy in January 1943 and received basic training in San Diego. He then received hospital corpsman training and was transferred to the Medical Field Service School at Camp Pendleton. Upon completion, he was assigned to a field sanitation unit attached to the 4th Medical Battalion, 4th Marine Division. At their base in Maui he surveyed latrines, dental clinics, and food preparation areas. He participated in D-Day at Saipan, unsure of what role to perform in combat. In Garapan he was commandeered by the Marines to help open a vault at Yokohama Specie Bank; afterward, soldiers were lighting cigars with 100-yen notes. Meis was sent to Aiea Heights after developing bronchitis and was mistakenly diagnosed with asthma. He was given a medical discharge in December 1944, which extended his benefits under the GI Bill. Meis earned three college degrees before the misdiagnosis was caught.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral history with Arthur Aicklen. Aicklen joined the Navy in 1940. He served as a machinist. He was also stationed on Padre Island, Texas before being assigned to a fleet oiler, the USS Taluga (AO-62). They transited the Panama Canal on their way to Honolulu and other points in the Pacific. When the war ended, Aicklen visited Yokahama during the occupation. He also describes the kamikaze attack off Okinawa.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Rudolph Schultz. Schultz was drafted into the Army Air Forces in March, 1943. He received radar training in Florida and then served with the 13th Air Force. He installed a radar station at Noumea and trained men on its use. He also trained more men at Guadalcanal and the Admiralty Islands. Schultz was at Leyte when the war ended and soon went to Japan.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Walter Stuek. Stueck was born in St. Louis, Missouri 28 May 1921. Upon enlisting in the Army Air Forces in May 1942, he was sent to Santa Ana, California to begin eight weeks of pre-flight training which was followed by three months of primary training at Oxnard. While making his first flight in a P-40 fighter, the plane suffered a complete electrical failure resulting in a controlled crash landing at Luke Army Airfield. He was then sent to Tactical Reconnaissance School at Meridian, Mississippi where he flew a variety of aircraft including the P-51, P-40 and P-39 fighter aircraft. He then went to Europe where he began flying P-38s. He recalls his third combat mission, when due to a loss of both engines he crash landed destroying the plane and becoming slightly injured. As he was recovering, General Charles de Gaulle spoke to him inquiring about his health. During another mission, he was shot down and bailed out, landing in a mine field. An American soldier came to his aid and guided him to safety. On another mission, he was attacked by an ME-163 German rocket powered plane. …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Jay Kopkey. Kopkey was born in Winamac, Indiana on 20 June 1920, and graduated from high school there in 1938. He joined the United States Coast Guard in June 1942 and was sent to Curtis Bay, Maryland to boot camp for seven weeks. Upon completion of boot camp he was sent to San Hill Barracks, Michigan for anti-aircraft gun training. After completion of this training he was assigned as a guard on an ore carrier on the Great Lakes. After several months he was selected to attend Police and Fire school in Baltimore, Maryland in 1943. After completing the seven week course, Kopkey was assigned to a fireboat patrolling the Maumee River (in Ohio and Indiana). He recounts an incident involving his fire boat putting out a fire on an oil tanker on the river. After four months of this duty he was sent to Camp Lejeune for amphibious landing craft training. Kopkey was then selected to go to Juneau, Alaska for port security work. He returned to the US in November 1945 and was discharged later that month.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Ike Kampmann. Kampmann was born in San Antonio, Texas on 2 October 1918 and graduated from the University of Texas, Austin with a law degree. In the spring of 1945 when he was stationed at 6th Army Headquarters at Lingayen Gulf, Luzon Island, Philippines, he was attached to the Staff Officer for Personnel (G-1) as the Army was making its move toward Manila. The commanding general, Lieutenant General Walter Krueger, appointed him to a military commission defending four Japanese soldiers who had been caught behind Allied lines in civilian clothes. Kampmann was the least experienced of the six officers on the commission. The four were found guilty and hanged. Subsequently, he was appointed aide-de-camp to General Krueger. For the duration of the interview he expresses remorse over the trial’s outcome.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Vernon Ollar. Ollar was working at the Rock Island Arsenal when the war started. He was already married with a child when he was drafted into the Army in late 1942. Ollar was attached to B Company in the 81st Chemical Mortar Battalion and proceeded to train with them. In late 1943, Ollar was shipped to England for more training prior to the invasion of Normandy. He recalls fighting in the hedgerows, fighting at St. Lo and liberating Paris. He fought all the way into Germany. In late 1945, Ollar returned to the US and was discharged.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with A J Durham. Durham joined the Navy in February of 1943. He served with Composite Squadron 55 (VC-55). After basic training, Durham worked at the Naval Air Station in Astoria, Oregon and unloaded ammunition ships. He later served with the Ordnance Department, synchronizing 30 caliber machine guns aboard TBMs. Durham transferred to Composite Squadron 4 (VC-4), and completed Torpedo School, and served as a Torpedo man and an Aviation Ordnance Mate aboard a TBF Avenger. In April of 1944, he began serving aboard USS White Plains (CVE-66) and recalls his experiences aboard the carrier during invasions of the Mariana and Palau Islands, and through the Battle of Leyte Gulf. Durham remained aboard during Operation MAGIC CARPET, returning troops back to the US. He continued his service in the Reserves, receiving his discharge in the early 1950s.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with A J Durham. Durham joined the Navy in February of 1943. He served with Composite Squadron 55 (VC-55). After basic training, Durham worked at the Naval Air Station in Astoria, Oregon and unloaded ammunition ships. He later served with the Ordnance Department, synchronizing 30 caliber machine guns aboard TBMs. Durham transferred to Composite Squadron 4 (VC-4), and completed Torpedo School, and served as a Torpedo man and an Aviation Ordnance Mate aboard a TBF Avenger. In April of 1944, he began serving aboard USS White Plains (CVE-66) and recalls his experiences aboard the carrier during invasions of the Mariana and Palau Islands, and through the Battle of Leyte Gulf. Durham remained aboard during Operation MAGIC CARPET, returning troops back to the US. He continued his service in the Reserves, receiving his discharge in the early 1950s.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Joseph Garofalo. Garofalo worked for Elco as a carpenter at the beginning of the war. He then joined the Navy to become a Seabee. Garofalo was assigned to the 121st Construction Battalion and was attached to the 4th Marine Division. He describes the combat landings on Roi-Namur, Saipan, and Tinian. Garofalo discusses the combat and conditions that he encountered in each battle. He mentions a close call with a Japanese grenade, being pushed out of cover into sniper fire by his commanding officer, and a large explosion of a torpedo bunker which caused many casualties on Rio-Namur. Garofalo details his experiences on Saipan including helping load casualties on landing craft and seeing the Japanese commit large-scale suicide at the end of the battle. He also describes working on the airstrip on Tinian and the lack of rations that were available. Garofalo returned to the US at the end of the war and describes an encounter with Bob Hope.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Frederick Binder. Binder joined the Navy and went to Notre Dame for Midshipman School. Upon completion, he then went to PT boat school in Rhode Island. After training, he was assigned to Motor Torpedo Squadron 27. Before reaching the Pacific in late 1943, he had some duty in Panama. Binder served as the executive officer in his squadron and recalls operating against Japanese barges around Bougainville and Choiseul. He was also stationed at the Palau Islands for a while before going to the Philippines. He was then the commander of PT-375 and recalls fighting a Japanese PT boat off Luzon. He also helped paratroopers at Corregidor. When the war ended, Binder elected to be discharged.