Cybersecurity: Authoritative Reports and Resources, by Topic (open access)

Cybersecurity: Authoritative Reports and Resources, by Topic

This report provides references to analytical reports on cybersecurity from CRS, other government agencies, trade associations, and interest groups. The reports and related websites are grouped under the following cybersecurity topics: policy overview; National Strategy for Trusted Identities in Cyberspace (NSTIC); cloud computing and FedRAMP; critical infrastructure; cybercrime, data breaches and data security; national security, cyber espionage, and cyberwar (including Stuxnet); international efforts; education/training/workforce; and research and development (R&D).
Date: April 3, 2014
Creator: Tehan, Rita
System: The UNT Digital Library
Federal Support for Streetcars: Frequently Asked Questions (open access)

Federal Support for Streetcars: Frequently Asked Questions

This report answers some frequently asked questions about streetcars and federal involvement in their construction and operation. It concludes by laying out policy options for Congress in dealing with streetcars.
Date: April 3, 2014
Creator: Mallett, William J.
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC): An Overview (open access)

The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC): An Overview

This report discusses the earned income tax credit (EITC), established in the tax code in 1975, which offers cash aid to working parents with relatively low incomes who care for dependent children.
Date: April 3, 2014
Creator: Scott, Christine & Crandall-Hollick, Margot L.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA): Resources for Frequently Asked Questions (open access)

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA): Resources for Frequently Asked Questions

The report provides basic consumer sources, including broad overviews of the Affordable Care Act. The next sections focus on health coverage, as well as public health care programs. The report then lists sources on employer-sponsored coverage. Sources on ACA's provisions on mental health, public health, workforce, quality, and taxes are also provided. Finally, the report lists sources on ACA costs and appropriations, and sources for obtaining the law's full-text.
Date: April 3, 2014
Creator: Napili, Angela
System: The UNT Digital Library
Employee Ownership of Registration-Exempt Company Securities: Proposals to Reform Required Corporate Disclosures (Section 507 of S. 2155, S. 488, H.R. 1343, and Section 406 of H.R. 10) (open access)

Employee Ownership of Registration-Exempt Company Securities: Proposals to Reform Required Corporate Disclosures (Section 507 of S. 2155, S. 488, H.R. 1343, and Section 406 of H.R. 10)

This report discusses SEC registration requirements and the exemption from registration for small and mid-size companies. Recent legislation regarding the rules in the House and Senate is also included.
Date: April 3, 2018
Creator: Shorter, Gary
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear Cooperation with Other Countries: A Primer (open access)

Nuclear Cooperation with Other Countries: A Primer

This report discusses the United States's nuclear cooperation with other countries and requirements for export agreements for civilian nuclear parts with other countries.
Date: April 3, 2018
Creator: Kerr, Paul K. & Nikitin, Mary Beth D.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fiscal Year 2019 Budget Documents: Internet and GPO Availability (open access)

Fiscal Year 2019 Budget Documents: Internet and GPO Availability

This report provides brief descriptions of the FY2019 budget volumes and related documents, together with internet addresses, Government Publishing Office (GPO) stock numbers, and prices for obtaining print copies of these publications. It also explains how to find the locations of government depository libraries, which can provide both printed copies for reference use and internet access to the online versions.
Date: April 3, 2018
Creator: Nagel, Jared C. & Greene, Michael
System: The UNT Digital Library
Can Aliens in Immigration Proceedings Be Detained Indefinitely?: High Court Rules on Statutory, but not Constitutional Authority (open access)

Can Aliens in Immigration Proceedings Be Detained Indefinitely?: High Court Rules on Statutory, but not Constitutional Authority

This report discusses the Supreme Court's ruling in the case of "Jennings vs. Rodriguez" which dealt with whether immigrant aliens could be detained indefinitely. The court ruled that the aliens could be held indefinitely without a bond hearing under statutory law but left the constitutionality of the action open for future interpretation.
Date: April 3, 2018
Creator: Smith, Hillel R.
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S.-Mexico Economic Relations: Trends, Issues, and Implications (open access)

U.S.-Mexico Economic Relations: Trends, Issues, and Implications

This report provides an overview of U.S.-Mexico economic relations, trade trends, the Mexican economy, NAFTA, and trade issues between the United States and Mexico.
Date: April 3, 2009
Creator: Villarreal, M. Angeles
System: The UNT Digital Library
The War Powers Resolution: Concepts and Practice (open access)

The War Powers Resolution: Concepts and Practice

This report discusses and assesses the War Powers Resolution and its application since enactment in 1973, providing detailed background on various cases in which it was used, as well as cases in which issues of its applicability were raised. It will be revised biannually.
Date: April 3, 2015
Creator: Weed, Matthew C.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ballistic Missile Defense in the Asia-Pacific Region: Cooperation and Opposition (open access)

Ballistic Missile Defense in the Asia-Pacific Region: Cooperation and Opposition

This report presents background information and discusses potential issues for Congress relating to U.S. ballistic missile defense (BMD) efforts in the Asia-Pacific region. These efforts pose several potential policy, funding, and oversight issues for Congress. Decisions that Congress makes on these issues could affect U.S. defense funding requirements and military capabilities, and U.S. relations with countries in the Asia Pacific region, including China, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, and Australia.
Date: April 3, 2015
Creator: Rinehart, Ian E.; Hildreth, Steven A. & Lawrence, Susan V.
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Crude Oil and Natural Gas Production in Federal and Non-Federal Areas (open access)

U.S. Crude Oil and Natural Gas Production in Federal and Non-Federal Areas

This report examines U.S. oil and natural gas production data for federal and non-federal areas with an emphasis on the past five fiscal years of production.
Date: April 3, 2015
Creator: Humphries, Marc
System: The UNT Digital Library
FutureGen: A Brief History and Issues for Congress (open access)

FutureGen: A Brief History and Issues for Congress

This report briefly summarizes the history of FutureGen, discusses why it has gained interest and support from some Members of Congress and the Administration while remaining in initial stages of development, and offers some policy considerations on barriers that challenge its further development as a model for a carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) program.
Date: April 3, 2013
Creator: Folger, Peter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Drones in Domestic Surveillance Operations: Fourth Amendment Implications and Legislative Responses (open access)

Drones in Domestic Surveillance Operations: Fourth Amendment Implications and Legislative Responses

This report first explores the potential uses of drones in the domestic sphere by federal, state, and local governments. It then surveys current Fourth Amendment jurisprudence, including cases surrounding privacy in the home, privacy in public spaces, location tracking, manned aerial surveillance, and those involving the national border. Next, it considers how existing jurisprudence may inform current and proposed drone uses. It then describes the various legislative measures introduced in the 113th Congress to address the legal and policy issues surrounding drones. Finally, it briefly identifies several alternative approaches that may constrain the potential scope of drone surveillance.
Date: April 3, 2013
Creator: Thompson, Richard M., II
System: The UNT Digital Library
"Amazon Laws" and Taxation of Internet Sales: Constitutional Analysis (open access)

"Amazon Laws" and Taxation of Internet Sales: Constitutional Analysis

This report focuses on the ways in which the states' efforts to impose requirements on out-of-state retailers are limited by the Constitution. The report discusses recent state legislation as well as legislation introduced in the two most recent Congresses.
Date: April 3, 2013
Creator: Lunder, Erika K. & Pettit, Carol A.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Strategic Arms Control After START: Issues and Options (open access)

Strategic Arms Control After START: Issues and Options

This report provides background information about the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty and reviews the discussions about a possible successor to START. It also presents a range of alternatives that the United States and Russia might consider if they choose to follow START with a new framework for the arms control process.
Date: April 3, 2009
Creator: Woolf, Amy F.
System: The UNT Digital Library
The New START Treaty: Central Limits and Key Provisions (open access)

The New START Treaty: Central Limits and Key Provisions

This report provides an overview of the New Strategic Arms Reductions Treaty (START), including a comparison to the original START Treaty, the belief of the Obama Administration and outside analysts that New START will enhance U.S. national security, and the criticisms of those who say that New START is a distraction from more important items on the nonproliferation agenda.
Date: April 3, 2013
Creator: Woolf, Amy F.
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Customs and Border Protection: Trade Facilitation, Enforcement, and Security (open access)

U.S. Customs and Border Protection: Trade Facilitation, Enforcement, and Security

This report describes and analyzes U.S. Customs and Border Protection's (CBP) role in the U.S. import process. (The report does not cover CBP's role in the U.S. export control system.)
Date: April 3, 2013
Creator: Jones, Vivian C. & Rosenblum, Marc R.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Health Care for Rural Veterans: The Example of Federally Qualified Health Centers (open access)

Health Care for Rural Veterans: The Example of Federally Qualified Health Centers

This report discusses considerations that may arise during possible attempts to increase the Department of Veterans Affairs' (VA) collaboration with federally qualified health centers (FQHC), and describes policy levers Congress might use to encourage VA-FQHC collaboration.
Date: April 3, 2013
Creator: Heisler, Elayne J.; Panangala, Sidath Viranga & Bagalman, Erin
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Global Financial Crisis: Analysis and Policy Implications (open access)

The Global Financial Crisis: Analysis and Policy Implications

This report provides a historical account and analysis of the global economic crisis through April 2, 2009. While business contraction appears to have abated, unemployment is shown to be on the rise and many businesses and countries are still facing difficulties.
Date: April 3, 2009
Creator: Nanto, Dick K.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Military Pay: Key Questions and Answers (open access)

Military Pay: Key Questions and Answers

This report uses a question and answer format to highlight key aspects of the military compensation system and to address topics of recurring congressional interest, including the following: compensation elements and rates, statutory formulas for increasing compensation elements, historical increases in basic pay, comparability with civilian pay, and additional compensation for those serving in Iraq or Afghanistan.
Date: April 3, 2017
Creator: Kapp, Lawrence & Torreon, Barbara Salazar
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Climate Change Regulation and Litigation: Selected Legal Issues (open access)

U.S. Climate Change Regulation and Litigation: Selected Legal Issues

This report provides a brief history of U.S. climate change regulation, reviews the different types of regulation and legal actions that have been pursued in the national debate over greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, examines selected legal issues and next steps in related litigation, and addresses what these legal and regulatory developments mean for Congress. President Trump's Executive Order of March 28, 2017 requiring agencies to reconsider their policies related to climate change is also discussed.
Date: April 3, 2017
Creator: Tsang, Linda
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Trump Administration's March 2017 Defense Budget Proposals: Frequently Asked Questions (open access)

The Trump Administration's March 2017 Defense Budget Proposals: Frequently Asked Questions

This report answers seven frequently asked questions about President Trump's defense budget proposal for fiscal years 2017 and 2018 which was made on March 16, 2017. Additional funding for overseas contingency operations and a higher defense budget are major sections of the proposal discussed.
Date: April 3, 2017
Creator: Towell, Pat & Williams, Lynn M.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Al Shabaab (open access)

Al Shabaab

This report briefly examines Al Shabaab (aka Harakat Shabaab al Mujahidin, or Mujahidin Youth Movement) which is an insurgent and terrorist group that evolved out of a militant wing of Somalia’s Council of Islamic Courts in the mid-2000s.
Date: April 3, 2015
Creator: Ploch Blanchard, Lauren
System: The UNT Digital Library