A nonintercepting emittance monitor is a helpful device for measuring and improving particle beams in accelerators and storage rings as it allows continuous monitoring of the beam's distribution in phase space, and perhaps closed loop computer control of the distributions. Stripline position monitors are being investigated for use as nonintercepting emittance monitors for a beam focused by a FODO array in the first 100 meters of our linear accelerator. The technique described here uses the signal from the four stripline probes of a single position monitor to measure the quadrupole mode of the wall current in the beam pipe. This current is a function of the quadrupole moment of the beam, sigma/sup 2//sub x/ - sigma/sup 2//sub y/. In general, six independent measurements of the quadrupole moment are necessary to determine the beam emittance. This technique is dependent on the characteristically large variations of sigma/sup 2//sub x/ - sigma/sup 2//sub y/ in a FODO array. It will not work in a focusing system where the beam is round at each focusing element.

Physics may be characterized as the science of matter and energy. It anchors the two ends of the frontiers of science: the frontier of the very small and the frontier of the very large. All of the phenomena that we observe and study at the frontiers of science - all external experiences - are manifestations of matter and energy. One may, therefore, use physics to exemplify both the diversity and unity of science. This theme will be developed in two separate examples: first by sketching, very briefly, the historical origins of frontiers of the very small and very large and the converging unity of these two frontiers; and then by describing certain unifying concepts that play a central role in physics and provide a framework for relating developments in different sciences.

The FED-A study aims to quantify the potential improvement in cost-effectiveness of the Fusion Engineering Device (FED) by assuming low safety factor q (less than 2 as opposed to about 3) at the plasma edge and noninductive current drive (as opposed to only inductive current drive). The FED-A performance objectives are set to be : (1) ignition assuming International Tokamak Reactor (INTOR) plamsa confinement scaling, but still achieving a fusion power amplification Q greater than or equal to 5 when the confinement is degraded by a factor of 2; (2) neutron wall loading of about 1 MW/m/sup 2/, with 0.5 MW/m/sup 2/ as a conservative lower bound; and (3) more clearly power-reactor-like operations, such as steady state.

This report summarizes the information base that was collected and reviewed in preparation for carrying out an analysis of the compatibility with regulations of waste management technologies for disposal of H-3, I-129, C-14, and Kr-85. Based on the review of this literature, summaries are presented here of waste-form characteristics, packaging, transportation, and disposal methods. Also discussed are regulations that might apply to all operations involved in disposal of the four nuclides, including the processing of irradiated fuel in a fuel reprocessing plant, packaging, storage, transport, and final disposal. The compliance assessment derived from this information is reported in a separate document. 309 references.

The properties of helical axis stellarator fields generated by unlinked, planar coils are described. It is shown that such fields can have a magnetic well and large rotational transform, implying large equilibrium and stability beta limits.

The LBL heavy ion RFQ accelerator, a 200 MHz structure that accelerates an ion with q/A greater than or equal to 1/7 from 8.4 to 200 keV/n, has now passed all its acceptance tests. This machine is unique in several respects: it uses coupling rings between vanes to stablize the azimuthal field distribution, it incorporates a vane mounting system that simplifies vane alignment, it uses no end tuners or power distribution manifold, and it needs only one rf feed loop. The beam performance of this machine is reported in this paper.

A new heavy ion RFQ accelerator has been commissioned as part of a Bevalac injector upgrade project. This RFQ is the first four vane type to incorporate vane coupling rings (VCR's) as part of the structure. This paper reports on the simplified tune up procedure made possible by the use of VCR's including field flattening, end tuning, and frequency adjustment. Also included is a discussion of high power performance including conditioning.

The application of differential optical absorption (DOA) techniques for the in-situ determination of the chemical composition of coal gasification process streams is investigated. Absorption spectra of relevant molecular species and the temperature and pressure effects on DOA-determined spectral characteristics of these species will be determined and cataloged. A system will be configured, assembled, and tested. 10 references, 1 figure.

Ray-tracing studies have been combined with a simple wave power balance model to provide a complete, albeit approximate, description of microwave power deposition in the ELMO Bumpy Torus (EBT-I), EBT-Scale (EBT-S), and EBT Proof-of-Principle (EBT-P) devices. Electron cyclotron absorption of ordinary and extraordinary waves by the combined core plasma and relativistic annuli is calculated using a fully relativistic damping package developed for the RAYS geometrical optics code. The rays are traced in finite-beta bumpy cylinder plasma equilibria that are obtained from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) two-dimensional (2-D) equilibrium code. These results for direct, single-pass absorption are combined with results from a statistical model for the deposition of multiply reflected and mode-converted waves to obtain estimates of the power deposited in the core, surface, and annulus plasma components. Wave absorption by the annuli and by the core components at the fundamental and second harmonic resonances, reflection and Budden tunneling of the extraordinary mode at the right-hand cutoff, and conversion between ordinary and extraordinary modes upon wall reflection are the processes included in the power balance model. Experimental measurements of wave power flux on the cavity wall in EBT-S made with a simple microwave calorimeter are in good agreement with …

The results on 5 K irradiation available so far may be summarized as follows. (1) Increases of j/sub c/ following neutron irradiation occur only in conductors which are far from the optimal metallurgical treatments. (2) The changes of j/sub c/ following neutron irradiation and a thermal cycle to room temperature are small and in most cases comparable to the results obtained after 77 K irradiation. (3) The data available so far indicate that the degradation of j/sub c/ at 8 T is larger by about 5 to 10% than the corresponding changes at 5 T at a neutron fluence of 1.3 x 10/sup 22/ m/sup -2/ (E > 0.1 MeV). (4) The increase of Cu-resistivity is significant even after a thermal cycle to room temperature and requires design changes for a stable magnet operation.

Electrons are heated at the minimum-B location(s) created by the multiple field and the toroidal field. Resulting hot electrons can assist plasma confinement by (i) providing mirror, (ii) creating azimuthally symmetric toroidal confinement, or (iii) creating a modified bumpy torus.

The reactimeter data recorded on 3/28/79 at Three Mile Island (TMI-2) indicates a number of abrupt transients starting at 13:52. These transients appeared to be the results of very rapid energy releases in the reactor cooling system. A study was initiated by the US Department of Energy to determine the causes and consequences of these transients. The study shows that the transients were not caused by energy releases in the reactor cooling system. They were probably caused by malfunctions in the reactimeter power supply or by reactimeter ground loop faults. Information obtained and observations derived from the study of real energy release transients which occurred during the first day of the TMI-2 loss of coolant accident are presented.

This demonstration project was initiated in the 200 Sand Pool in the Midway-Sunset Field, California Sand Pool to demonstrate the operational, recovery, and economic aspects of steamflooding a typical heavy oil reservoir which had unfavorable response to cyclic stimulation. The scope of the project involves 5 phases: (1) pilot site monitoring and evaluation; (2) pilot area expansion; (3) site selection for expansion to full-scale project; (4) expansion to full-scale steamflood; and (5) production monitoring. After expansion and steam injection for one year, the wells are averaging 8 B/D oil and 29 B/D water per well. This rate is above the 5 BOPD for cyclic stimulation. Most of the producing wells are steam stimulated about twice a year to enhance steam breakthrough from the continuous steam. The total area has averaged 319 B/D oil and 1233 B/D water the last year. 7 figures, 1 table.

The Technology Information System (TIS) is being used to develop software for Intelligent Gateway Computers (IGC) suitable for the prototyping of advanced, integrated information networks. Dedicated to information management, TIS leads the user to available information resources, on TIS or elsewhere, by means of a master directory and automated access procedures. Other geographically distributed information centers accessible through TIS include federal and commercial systems like DOE/RECON, NASA/RECON, DOD/DROLS, DOT/TIC, CIS, and DIALOG in the United States, the chemical information systems DARC in France, and DECHEMA in West Germany. New centers are added as required.

During the NRC licensing review for the North Anna Units 1 and 2 pressurized-water reactors (PWRs), questions were raised regarding the potential for low-fracture toughness of steam-generator and reactor-coolant-pump supports. Because other PWRs may face similar problems, this issue was incorporated into the NRC Program for Resolution of Generic Issues. The work described in this report was performed to provide the NRC with a quantitative evaluation of the value/impact implications of the various options of resolving the fracture-toughness question. This report presents an assessment of the probabilistic risk associated with nil-ductility failures of steam-generator and reactor-coolant-pump structural-support systems during seismic events, performed using the Seismic Safety Margins Research Program codes and data bases.

This two-volume report presents the results of initial research on the feasibility of applying organizational factors in nuclear power plant (NPP) safety assessment. Volume 1 of this report contains an overview of the literature, a discussion of available safety indicators, and a series of recommendations for more systematically incorporating organizational analysis into investigations of nuclear power plant safety. The six chapters of this volume discuss the major elements in our general approach to safety in the nuclear industry. The chapters include information on organizational design and safety; organizational governance; utility environment and safety related outcomes; assessments by selected federal agencies; review of data sources in the nuclear power industry; and existing safety indicators.

This report is the twenty-sixth in the series of progress reports of Mathematics and Statistics Research of the Computer Sciences organization, Union Carbide Corporation Nuclear Division. Part A records research progress in analysis of large data sets, applied analysis, biometrics research, computational statistics, materials science applications, numerical linear algebra, and risk analysis. Collaboration and consulting with others throughout the Oak Ridge Department of Energy complex are recorded in Part B. Included are sections on biological sciences, energy, engineering, environmental sciences, health and safety, and safeguards. Part C summarizes the various educational activities in which the staff was engaged. Part D lists the presentations of research results, and Part E records the staff's other professional activities during the report period.

Chapter 1 describes a continuation algorithm to construct decentralized state feedback gains which place the natural frequencies (natural modes of vibration or eigenvalues) of a linearized power system at desired locations. Chapter 2 and 3 address the problem of designing a decentralized dither control for linearly interconnected synchronous machines, each of which is nonlinear. In Chapter 2, the theory finds application to the nonlinear third order model of a single machine infinite bus system where the primary control is via an ac-dc converter. Similarly Chapter 3 considers a two machine system with individual machine converters acting as the primary control. Computer simulations of the control action given various system perturbations are found in both Chapters 2 and 3.

An initial analysis of both surface and aerial SF/sub 6/ tracer data from the Geysers illustrates the importance that terrain, vertical wind shear, time-varying winds and stability have on the downwind distribution of cooling tower effluents during the daytime. Atmospheric stability and near surface winds above 3 m/s results in fumigation and surface impaction of a portion of cooling tower plumes on downwind surfaces and terrain. Vertical wind shear and possible gravity waves in upper-levels (approx. 1800 to 2000 m m.s.l), in addition, to terrain influences assist in distributing plumes horizontally and in the vertical at relative short (approx. 10 to 20 km) distances from the source. Small quantities of gaseous sulfur, primarily H/sub 2/S, are transported up to 20 km or more from the Geysers area. A variety of trace materials such as sulfate, copper, zinc, arsenic, bromine, lead, antimony, selenium and barium appear to be enriched over background levels and transported downwind from the Geysers Area at times.

A simple extension of Fourier-Motzkin elimination is made to mixed systems of equations, that is, systems consisting of equalities in conjunction with inequalities and strict inequalities. The principal observation is that inequalities combined with strict inequalities result in strict inequalities. Two applications are made to automatic data editing. First, a constructive method is provided to test for the existence of a linear objective function for the minimum weighted fields to impute (MWFI) problem with side constraints. If the linear objective function exists, it is determined; if it does not exist, the extension to a quadratic objective function is given. Next, for any fixed linear objective function, a solution algorithm based on extended Fourier-Motzkin elimination is given for the resultant MWFI and is illustrated with an example. It is believed that the applications are significant in their own right: they provide solution techniques to difficult problems in the field of automatic data editing.

This text is a collection of solutions to a variety of heat conduction problems found in numerous publications, such as textbooks, handbooks, journals, reports, etc. Its purpose is to assemble these solutions into one source that can facilitate the search for a particular problem solution. Generally, it is intended to be a handbook on the subject of heat conduction. There are twelve sections of solutions which correspond with the class of problems found in each. Geometry, state, boundary conditions, and other categories are used to classify the problems. Each problem is concisely described by geometry and condition statements, and many times a descriptive sketch is also included. The introduction presents a synopsis on the theory, differential equations, and boundary conditions for conduction heat transfer. Some discussion is given on the use and interpretation of solutions. Supplementary data such as mathematical functions, convection correlations, and thermal properties are included for aiding the user in computing numerical values from the solutions. 155 figs., 92 refs., 9 tabs.

This report updates the State Energy Price Data System (STEPS) to include state-level energy prices by fuel and by end-use sectors for 1981. Both physical unit prices and Btu prices are presented. Basic documentation of the data base remains generally the same as in the original report: State Energy Price System; Volume 1: Overview and Technical Documentation (DOE/NBB-0029 Volume 1 of 2, November 1982). The present report documents only the changes in procedures necessitated by the update to 1981 and the corrections to the basic documentation.

Initially, the Wilsonville facility consisted of a single stage (thermal) process, also known as the SRC-I process. The original plant has been expanded to become an advanced two-stage coal liquefaction facility. A Critical Solvent Deashing (CDS) unit was installed in 1978 and a second stage catalytic hydrogenation (HTR) unit was installed in 1981. The principal product of the first stage is a low sulfur solid fuel. The reaction product is deashed by the CSD unit using a proprietary process developed by the Kerr-McGee Corporation. The hydrotreater, or the second stage, was installed primarily for further enhancement of product properties, process flexibility, and overall hydrogen utilization efficiency. In the decoupled mode of operation, the HTR unit has no direct effect on the SRC unit. This operating mode is called the non-integrated two-stage liquefaction (NTSL) process. From 17 October 1981 to 14 October 1982, the Advanced Coal Liquefaction R and D Facility at Wilsonville, Alabama, was operated partly in support of the 6000 TPD-I demonstration plant design effort undertaken by ICRC. The ICRC support tests and operations performed were: Run 235 with Kentucky 9 (Fies) coal; Run 240 with Illinois 6 (Burning Star) coal; CSD unit second stage variability study; CSD unit …

Thermo Electron has designed a high concentration photovoltaic module that uses a domed, point-focus Fresnel lens. Their design, design optimization process, and results from lens and receiver tests are described in this report. A complete module has not been fabricated and probably will not be fabricated in the future; however, Thermo Electron's optical design, analysis, and testing of both secondary optical units and domed Fresnel lenses have made a significant contribution to our project. Tooling errors prevented the lens from reaching its potential efficiency by the end of the contract, and resolution of these tooling problems is currently being attempted with a follow-on contract, No. 68-9463.