Reflection/transmission phase shift interferometer and viewing optics (open access)

Reflection/transmission phase shift interferometer and viewing optics

The interferometer and viewing optics that are the main optical components of an Automated Surface Mapping system (ASM) used to characterize the surface topography and the wall thickness uniformity of opaque and transparent spherical shells is described. To characterize surface finish or wall thickness of spherical shells with an accuracy of 10 nm and a resolution of 1 ..mu..m the differential phase shift between two beams of orthogonal polarizations is measured, before and after the probe beam has interacted with the test object.
Date: June 15, 1981
Creator: Monjes, J.A.; Weinstein, B.W. & Willenborg, D.L.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Performance of a 100-kV, 78-kJ electric-gun system (open access)

Performance of a 100-kV, 78-kJ electric-gun system

A new electric gun system was constructed for use in high-pressure EOS studies. The system is powered by a 100 kV, 15.6 ..mu..F capacitor bank. At 100 kV charging voltage the system inductance is 23 nH. This system has driven 0.3 mm-thick Kapton projectiles to > 20 km/s and 0.3 mm Kapton/30 ..mu..m Ta projectiles to approx. 10 km/s. Projectile velocity is modeled phenomenlogically by an electrical Gurney model.
Date: June 15, 1981
Creator: Chau, H.; Dittbenner, G.; Mikkelsen, K.; Weingart, R.; Froeschner, K. & Lee, R.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cosmic-ray-produced stable nuclides: various production rates and their implications (open access)

Cosmic-ray-produced stable nuclides: various production rates and their implications

The rates for a number of reactions producing certain stable nuclides, such as /sup 3/He and /sup 4/He, and fission in the moon are calculated for galactic-cosmic-ray particles and for solar protons. Solar-proton-induced reactions with bromine usually are not an important source of cosmogenic Kr isotopes. The /sup 130/Ba(n,p) reaction cannot account for the undercalculation of /sup 130/Xe production rates. Calculated production rates of /sup 15/N, /sup 13/C, and /sup 2/H agree fairly well with rates inferred from measured excesses of these isotopes in samples with long exposure ages. Cosmic-ray-induced fission of U and Th can produce significant amounts of fission tracks and of /sup 86/Kr, /sup 134/Xe, and /sup 136/Xe, especially in samples with long exposures to cosmic-ray particles.
Date: June 15, 1981
Creator: Reedy, R. C.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Health impacts of geothermal energy (open access)

Health impacts of geothermal energy

The focus is on electric power production using geothermal resources greater than 150/sup 0/C because this form of geothermal energy utilization has the most serious health-related consequences. Based on measurements and experience at existing geothermal power plants, atmospheric emissions of noncondensing gases such as hydrogen sulfide and benzene pose the greatest hazards to public health. Surface and ground waters contaminated by discharges of spent geothermal fluids constitute another health hazard. It is shown that hydrogen sulfide emissions from most geothermal power plants are apt to cause odor annoyances among members of the exposed public - some of whom can detect this gas at concentrations as low as 0.002 parts per million by volume. A risk assessment model is used to estimate the lifetime risk of incurring leukemia from atmospheric benzene caused by 2000 MW(e) of geothermal development in California's Imperial Valley. The risk of skin cancer due to the ingestion of river water in New Zealand that is contaminated by waste geothermal fluids containing arsenic is also assessed. Finally, data on the occurrence of occupational disease in the geothermal industry are summarized briefly.
Date: June 15, 1981
Creator: Layton, D. W. & Anspaugh, L. R.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Absorption spectrophotometric characterization of Sm(II), Sm(III), and Sm(II/III) bromides and Sm(III) oxybromide in the solid state (open access)

Absorption spectrophotometric characterization of Sm(II), Sm(III), and Sm(II/III) bromides and Sm(III) oxybromide in the solid state

Absorption spectra obtained from SmBr/sub 3/, SmBr/sub 2/, and Sm0Br were used in identifying the samarium species in several mixed-valence Sm(II/III) compounds produced by H/sub 2/ reduction of SmBr/sub 3/. The nature of the absorption of Sm0Br made it possible to detect even traces of Sm0Br in the Sm bromides.
Date: June 15, 1981
Creator: Wood, A. B.; Young, J. P.; Peterson, J. R. & Haschke, J. M.
System: The UNT Digital Library