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Executive Branch Reorganization and Management Initiatives
This issue brief views reorganization and management as involving the alteration of the program administrative structure and operations of the executive branch for reasons of efficiency, economy, and direction. The underlying issue is who reorganizes or sets management policy—Congress or the President— and by what authority and, also, for what purpose?
Date:
July 8, 2002
Creator:
Relyea, Harold C.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Executive Branch Reorganization and Management Initiatives
This issue brief views reorganization and management as involving the alteration of the program administrative structure and operations of the executive branch for reasons of efficiency, economy, and direction. The underlying issue is who reorganizes or sets management policy—Congress or the President— and by what authority and, also, for what purpose?
Date:
July 17, 2002
Creator:
Relyea, Harold C.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy Efficiency: Budget, Oil Conservation, and Electricity Conservation Issues
In the 108th Congress, debate over energy efficiency programs has focused on budget, oil, natural gas, and electricity issues, and provisions in the omnibus energy policy bill, S. 2095, H.R. 6, and S. 14/S. 1149. The Bush Administration’s FY2005 budget request for the Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Energy Efficiency Program sought $875.9 million, including $543.9 for R&D and $332.0 million for grants. In the first session, the omnibus energy bill (H.R. 6) had several significant tax and regulatory measures for energy efficiency. It did not pass the Senate due to concerns about cost and an MTBE “safe harbor” provision.
Date:
July 30, 2002
Creator:
Sissine, Fred
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Renewable Energy: Tax Credit, Budget, and Electricity Production Issues
Renewable energy is derived from resources that are generally not depleted by human use, such as the sun, wind, and water movement. This report discusses various aspects of policy regarding renewable energy including tax credits and budget legislation.
Date:
July 26, 2002
Creator:
Sissine, Fred
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Middle East Peace Talks
None
Date:
July 8, 2002
Creator:
Migdalovitz, Carol
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Palestinians and Middle East Peace: Issues for the United States
None
Date:
July 17, 2002
Creator:
Mark, Clyde R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
POWs and MIAs: Status and Accounting Issues
None
Date:
July 2, 2002
Creator:
Goldich, Robert L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Iraq: Compliance, Sanctions, and U.S. Policy
None
Date:
July 5, 2002
Creator:
Katzman, Kenneth
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy Policy: Setting the Stage for the Current Debate
The Bush Administration issued its plan for a national energy policy on May 16, 2001. The plan was controversial, characterized by some as leaner on conservation and renewables than Democratic proposals, and predisposed to trade off environmental considerations to increase supply. Comprehensive energy legislation was introduced in the Senate by both parties by late March (S. 388, S. 389, S. 596, S. 597). Bills reported by several House committees (H.R. 2436, H.R. 2460, H.R. 2511, and H.R. 2587) were combined in a single bill, H.R. 4, passed by the House, August 1, 2001. The House version of H.R. 4 would require a 5 billion gallon reduction in light-duty truck and SUV fuel consumption and would open the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) to leasing.
Date:
July 10, 2002
Creator:
Bamberger, Robert L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear Energy Policy
None
Date:
July 26, 2002
Creator:
Holt, Mark & Behrens, Carl E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Automobile and Light Truck Fuel Economy: Is CAFE Up to Standards?
One of the least controversial provisions of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (P.L. 94-163) established corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards for new passenger cars. This report presents a brief background and analysis regarding the price of crude oil that brought into sharp focus the fuel inefficiency of U.S. automobiles. The report also discusses the previous issues and the most recent developments regarding CAFE.
Date:
July 26, 2002
Creator:
Bamberger, Robert L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy, July 12, 2002
This report discusses congressional interest in the pace of U.S. technological advancement due to its influence on U.S. economic growth, productivity, and international competitiveness. The proper role of the federal government in technology development and the competitiveness of U.S. industry continues to be a topic of congressional debate.
Date:
July 12, 2002
Creator:
Schacht, Wendy H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Military Pay and Benefits: Key Questions and Answers
None
Date:
July 8, 2002
Creator:
Goldich, Robert L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear Nonproliferation Issues
None
Date:
July 25, 2002
Creator:
Behrens, Carl E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Airport Improvement Program
This issue brief discusses the Airport Improvement Program and its complement, the Passenger Facility Charge (PFC). After a brief history of federal support for airport construction and improvement, the report describes AIP funding, its source of revenues, the impact of the Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century (FAIR21, P.L. 106-181), funding distribution, the types of projects the program funds, AIP and PFC policy issues, and the allowable use of AIP funds for airport security purposes.
Date:
July 1, 2002
Creator:
Kirk, Robert S.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Environmental Protection Agency's FY2003 Budget
On April 9, 2001, the President requested $7.3 billion in discretionary budget authority for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for FY2002, $512.0 million (or 7%) less than the FY2001 funding level of $7.8 billion. The request would not have continued funding of about $500 million for activities earmarked for FY2001, and contained provisions shifting more enforcement responsibilities to the states. Popular wastewater infrastructure funding, state roles, and the future of Superfund were some of the predominant topics. On July 17, the House Appropriations Committee recommended $7.545 billion,$229 million more than requested (H.R. 2620, H. Rept. 107-159).
Date:
July 10, 2002
Creator:
Lee, Martin R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Drug Control: International Policy and Options
Over the past decade, worldwide production of illicit drugs has risen dramatically: opium and marijuana production has roughly doubled and coca production tripled. Street prices of cocaine and heroin have fallen significantly in the past 20 years, reflecting increased availability. Despite apparent national political resolve to deal with the drug problem, inherent contradictions regularly appear between U.S. anti-drug policy and other national policy goals and concerns. The mix of competing domestic and international pressures and priorities has produced an ongoing series of disputes within and between the legislative and executive branches concerning U.S. international drug policy. One contentious issue has been the Congressionally-mandated certification process, an instrument designed to induce specified drug-exporting countries to prioritize or pay more attention to the fight against narcotics businesses.
Date:
July 10, 2002
Creator:
Lee, Rensselaer & Perl, Raphael F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Endangered Species: Difficult Choices
This report discusses issues debated in the 107th Congress while is considering various proposals to amend the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA). Major issues in recent years have included changing the role of science in decision-making, changing the role of critical habitat, reducing conflicts with Department of Defense activities, incorporating further protection for property owners, and increasing protection of listed species, among others. In addition, many have advocated including significant changes to ESA regulations made during the Clinton Administration in the law itself.
Date:
July 3, 2002
Creator:
Buck, Eugene H.; Corn, M. Lynne & Baldwin, Pamela
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Jordan: U.S. Relations and Bilateral Issues
None
Date:
July 10, 2002
Creator:
Prados, Alfred B.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Egypt-United States Relations
Among the current issues in U.S.-Egyptian relations are the shared concerns over the terrorist attacks against Egyptian police, religious, government, and tourist facilities, and what those attacks maysignal for Egypt’s domestic stability. The two nations may disagree over Egypt’s interpretation of applying human rights practices to Islamic terrorists. The two countries disagree over the speed and depth, but not the need for some of Egypt’s economic reforms. Egypt and the United States agree on the importance of the Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty, the need to continue current Arab-Israel peace talks, and the need for regional stability. The two nations agree on Egypt’s determination to introduce democratic reforms to Egypt.
Date:
July 17, 2002
Creator:
Mark, Clyde R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
India-U.S. Relations
This report discusses the context of India - U.S relations, and its bilateral issues.
Date:
July 9, 2002
Creator:
Gupta, Amit
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Saudi Arabia: Current Issues and U.S. Relations
None
Date:
July 8, 2002
Creator:
Prados, Alfred B.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Pakistan-U.S. Relations
None
Date:
July 16, 2002
Creator:
Kronstadt, K. Alan
System:
The UNT Digital Library