The theoretical and practical aspects of the accelerating mode (TM01) in iris-loaded waveguides have been covered extensively in many reports and publications. The pulse shortening observed in linacs and the possible application of an iris-loaded waveguides as the deflecting structure for rf particle separators stimulated the interest in the nature of higher order modes. Some experimental results on higher order modes in iris-loaded waveguides are available in references. Results of studies done at CERN are not yet published; they were however communicated to the authors and represented the basis of work done at Brookhaven. A preliminary account of BNL results was given in reference. The purpose of this report is to describe the model measurements which were necessary to determine the geometry of a brazed or electroformed prototype for a deflecting waveguide. At the same time, a systematic investigation of other than the deflecting mode was done to ensure a nondegenerate field solution at the operating frequency. The measurements are compared with computational results obtained on the IBM 7090 at BNL.

The role of the marrow as a site for antibody formation has been considered for many years. In 1912 Ludke reported the appearance of antibody in cultures of marrow cells obtained from previously immunized rabbits. Specific agglutinins for killed typhoid bacilli and lysins for ox red cells and sheep red cells were detected in the culture media 2 to 5 days later. However, the cultured cells failed to produce antibody when these antigens were added to the media. Similar findings by Reiter, Przygode, and Schilf appeared in the early literature with regard to the appearance of antibodies to various antigens in tissue cultures of bone marrow from immunized animals, along with failure to elicit antibody formation by addition of antigen to the culture resulted from the addition of excess amounts of antigen, so that if antibody synthesis occurred, the excess antigen combined with antibody and significant amounts of free antibody could not be detected in the culture media. Thorbecke and Keuning observed an increase in antibody in culture fluids when bone marrow fragments from rabbits immunized to paratyphoid B vaccine were cultured in roller tubes.

The cobalt and molybdenum positions had been derived from a three-dimensional Patterson function based on complete data out to λ-1 sin θMo≈ 1. From the separation of the separation of the Mo atoms it was thought that the structure contained free, unlinked MoO4 -2 ions, and this, together with the observed density and analyses for Co and Mo, suggested that the composition was probably Co2(MoO4)3. The paucity of structural information on complex oxide systems and the interesting properties, both structural and physical, of such systems prompted the present, detailed refinement of the structure. The result is more complicated and more interesting than had been anticipated: from the analysis of the X-ray data the compound is found to be NaCo2.31(MoO4)3, and this composition is consistent with chemical analyses. The structure shows several interesting features, including the partial occupancy of cobalt atoms in two independent CoO6 octahedral sites. In one arrangement of CoO6 octahedra there is the not too common face sharing to form infinite columns; in the other arrangement a zig-zag sheet, as far as we know differing from anything thus far reported, is formed by the sharing of edges and corners.

The analysis of closed circuit systems in which spontaneous steady-state electric currents appear can be carried out with the use of the function [function not transcribed]. The analysis indicates that any open circuit system of the form. Phase 1, barrier 1, phase 2, ......, phase b, barrier b, phase 1' is a chemical source of electromotive force when the phase 1 and 1' are identical, when the system contains two or more barriers whose sets of ionic transport members are different, and when the system is composed of two or more phases whose chemical properties are different. A general expression for the electromotive force of model systems composed of homogeneous phases and biological membranes in linear array can be written as [expression not transcribed] in which the indicated summations are to be performed for all barriers and for all ions to which each barrier is permeable.

A kinetic study of the exchange of normal and radioactive bromine in graphite-bromine lamellar compounds has been made at temperatures of 30° to 50°C. Natural and synthetic graphite powders were investigated. Two alternative mechanisms for the exchange, volume diffusion and surface exchange, were considered. The data were in better agreement with the diffusion mechanism. Diffusion coefficients of 10 -9 to 10 -8 cm2/sec and an activation energy of 11 to 14 kcal/mole were calculated for the natural graphite powders. The diffusion coefficients increased with increasing bromine content. Reversibly absorbed bromine exchanged more rapidly than irreversibly absorbed bromine.

Innes, Zemen, Frenkel, Borner and Wright (1962) described an outbreak of encephalitozoönosis of the central nervous system in mice, a summary of which is given below for an understanding of why this appendix may be of interest. When the paper was presented for publication, the editors of the journal decided to omit the history of our mouse colony. In our opinion, to understand (a) how this infection may have arisen and (b) may have spread, and still exist in some colonies, it is of prime importance to know the history of this strain of mice used by us (and others). It also has lessons on the establishment and maintenance of so-called "disease-free" or "specific pathogen-free"* colonies of laboratory animals in general. Information on the history of the mice has been culled from Col. H. Yager, VC, Director of the Division of Veterinary Medicine, Walter Reed Army Institute of Medical Research, Washington, D. C., and from Drs, Clara Lynch and John B. Nelson, Rockefeller Institute, New York.

From Abstract : "Gamma ray efficiencies for various sized well type NaI(Ti) crystals have been calculated using an IBM 704 digital computer. The adjustable parameters in the program are the gamma ray energy, the heights and diameters of the crystal and the well, the thickness of the well lining, and the positions of the (point) source inside the well. Some typical results are presented in graphical form."

From Abstract : "The solubilities of the individual rare earth lactates and α-hysroxyisobutyrates in water at 20 and 60° were determined for comparison with the rare earth glycolate solubilities determined earlier."

The transition from dormancy to growth in plant seeds has been the topic of many biological studies (1,2). Of particular interest to the radiobiologist are the dramatic changes in radiosensitivity occurring soon after the soaking of the seeds (3). These changes are thought to be associated with the commencement of proliferative activity. The recently developed method of labeling DNA with tritiated thymidine allows analysis of proliferative activity in greater detail than was heretofore possible. In the present study, uptake of tritiated thymidine and mitotic counts were used to determine the sequence of activation of proliferation in tissues or organs of the germinating corn embryo.

Two methods are proposed for calculating zero-point energies of molecules. The first makes use of the fact that one can easily write down the quantum mechanical Hamiltonian for a vibration system. The zero-point energy can then be obtained by a perturbation scheme without solving the secular equation. The second method requires a knowledge of the normal modes and frequencies of a reference molecule, but then enables one to calculate isotope effects by a perturbation scheme. The methods are applied to some examples and the convergence of the perturbation series is investigated. The approximate validity of the law of the mean for the isotope effect on zero-point energies is explored within the framework of the methods.

Tritiated thymidine (H3TDR), a specific precursor of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), has proved to be a valuable tool in the study of in vivo cellular kinetics. Various methods of analysis have been used in autoradiographic investigations of proliferative patterns and time parameters in different cell lines.

Production cross sections and angular distributions of Λ and K° particles produced by 11.4 Bev/c π" mesons in hydrogen have been measured. A systematic investigation was made of all two-body decays of unstable neutral particles. No events inconsistent with γ, Λ, or K° were found. Production cross sections, angular distributions and effective mass distributions of π mesons produced in 4-prong events were also measured. No evidence for dominance of any high mass multi-pion resonance was found. Both the pion production and strange particle production reactions demonstrated peripheral characteristics in that the baryon was strongly peaked backward in the center of mass. The average transverse momentum was observed to be a monotonically increasing function of mass. The experimental total interaction cross section was 25.3 ± 1.5 mb. The effect of the pion-nucleon T ' 3/2 isobar was clearly observed.

The problem to be discussed originates in our interest in the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors. It has been established by others that some positron-emitting radioactive isotopes, in particular Arsenic-74 and Copper-64, can be causal to localize in brain tumors and thus to serve as agents for locating the tumors. Although other kinds of radioisotopes have also been used successfully in locating tumors, positron emitters have some especially attractive features. Their use is based on the principle that a positron, or positively charged electron, is a form of "anti-matter," and when it encounters an ordinary negatively charged electron both are annihilated, giving rise to two gamma rays that are emitted in opposite directions. Such an event is detectable through the use of coincidence counting. The data for which the method of analysis is to be discussed in the present paper is generated by a device using the coincidence counting method with multiple detectors in an arrangement potentially suitable for three-dimensional localization of brain tumors.

The aim of this series of experiments was to evaluate the existence of abscopal effects of irradiation. No attempt was made towards the elucidation of mechanisms. Very early in the history of radiological research it was noticed radiation produces both local and general effects involving the entire body. Gauss and Lembcke introduced the term "Roentgenkater" (radiation sickness). They ascribed these "General Effects" to the circulation of toxic substances released from cells that disintegrated following irradiation.

The following cells were operated at 820°C: [equations not transcribed] where the over-all reaction in each cell is simply the transfer of NaCl from pure NaCl to the mixtures of the right hand compartment. The porcelain acts as a pure sodium ion conductor in these cells. The relative partial molar free energy of mixing for sodium chloride, FMNaCl, is given by [equation not transcribed] where E is the EMF of the cell. Results are given over the entire composition range in each system and compared with previous measurements from other sources. Other thermodynamic quantities are calculated from the results. Experiments using a H2, HCl mixture in place of Cl2 are discussed, as well as the extension of the measurements to other systems.

Encysted Trichinella spiralis larvae incorporated carbon-14 from mice fed diets containing C14 -labeled glycerine and DL-alanine. In general, a higher level of C14 activity (C14 per gram of dry tissue) was found in muscle larvae than in muscle tissue. The presence of encysted Trichinella larvae in the muscles of 56-day and 180-day infected mice did not alter incorporation of C14 from these amino acids into infected muscle protein when compared with noninfected muscle. These experiments were extended to include the aromatic amino acids, DL-tyrosine and DL-tryptophan.

Numerous studies on the effects of radiation on the central nervous system used traditional pathomorphological changes as parameters of radiosensitivity, but pathogenesis and mechanisms of radiation injury to the nervous tissue are still little understood. Furthermore, the great discrepancy of dose requirement leading to physiological responses and on the other hand to pathomorphological changes in the central nervous system is not satisfactorily explained.

Data on the mitotic indices of human bone marrow cells were reported in the first paper of this series, and theoretical considerations on the applicability and limitations of the index in determining kinetic parameters were discussed. In the present paper an attempt is made to compute time parameters of normal bone marrow cell proliferation from the data presented in the first paper.

The heavy gas model using a synthetic kernel leads to coupled equations for the determination of the neutron flux in a bare reactor. The very special problem of solving analytically the defining equation for the energy dependent neutron flux in a region for which there are no source terms is considered. (auth)

"Research in thermal contact resistance at MIT and advances made during the past year are summarized. The problem of predicting cortact resistance is examined in an analysis of a model for the contact which relates the geometry of actual surfaces in contact to the contact model, and a deformation analysis which relates the contact geometry to the load carried by the surfaces. Experimental procedures are described and are applied to two stainless steel surfaces in contact and to W and graphite surfaces in contact. A significant result is that a surface may be described by two measurable parameters which may be combined with two such parameters of any other surface to completely determine the geometry of the interface if they are placed in contact. It thus remains to construct a device which will readily measure these two parameters."