Straining Milk (open access)

Straining Milk

"Sediment in milk indicates carelessness in its production or handling. Sediment contaminates milk and makes it less salable. Most of the sediment in milk comes from the bodies of cows and consists of hairs, manure, bedding, etc. Straining removes only the coarse particles of dirt and removes neither the bacteria nor the fine dirt. Straining improves the commercial quality of milk, but does not appreciably improve its healthfulness. The best system is to prevent, so far as possible, the entrance of dirt into milk. This can be done best by having clean cows in clean stables, milked with clean hands, into clean, small-top pails. Filter cloth and absorbent cotton are efficient materials for strainers. Cheesecloth and wire gauze are less effective. Straining cloths should be changed whenever they become soiled. They should be thoroughly washed and sterilized after each using. Efficient sterilization is accomplished by boiling or exposure to steam for at least five minutes." -- p. 2
Date: 1919
Creator: Kelly, Ernest & Gamble, J. A.
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Sweet-Potato Weevil and Its Control (open access)

The Sweet-Potato Weevil and Its Control

"Immense losses of sweet potatoes in the Gulf States are being caused by the sweet-potato weevil. This foreign pest, introduced into the United States years ago, has become very destructive recently and now threatens to invade all States in which sweet potatoes are grown. The slender, metallic-blue weevil, about a quarter of an inch long with red legs and 'waist,' attacks leaves, stems, and roots or 'tubers,' and its whitish larvae or grubs tunnel the stalks and roots and inflict great damage, both in the field and in storage. Owing to the increased production of the sweet-potato crop to meet war conditions, this weevil has become a pest of the greatest importance. Indeed, it is to the sweet-potato industry what the boll weevil is to cotton. This bulletin describes the insect and its injuries and gives a sufficient account of its life history to explain the control measures advised. The weevil can be stamped out in limited regions where it has not yet secured a firm foothold, and then, by quarantines, it can be kept out of States and parts of States not yet infested. It is vitally important at present to combat, by every means available, an insect that …
Date: 1919
Creator: Chittenden, F. H. (Frank Hurlbut), 1858-1929
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Alfalfa on Corn-Belt Farms (open access)

Alfalfa on Corn-Belt Farms

"Alfalfa, on Corn Belt farms, if introduced in any considerable acreage, requires a great amount of labor at the most critical stage of the cultivation of corn. This bulletin tells how the more successful Corn Belt growers fit alfalfa into their cropping systems without interfering seriously with labor schedules. This is done in the main by speeding up the haying operations and corn cultivation by the use of labor-saving implements and more efficient methods. To some extent, the use of alfalfa for pasture serves to reduce the labor difficulties. The methods of handling the alfalfa crop that have been worked out by some of the more experienced Corn Belt growers are illustrated by several concrete examples of good management. The material for this bulletin was obtained on 235 Corn Belt farms on which alfalfa is grown successfully." -- p. 2
Date: 1919
Creator: Drake, J. A.; Rundles, J. C. & Jennings, R. D. (Ralph Dickieson), 1892-
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Machinery for Cutting Firewood (open access)

Machinery for Cutting Firewood

"Power machinery for cutting firewood offers a practical solution of the fuel problem on farms where wood is available. A day's work with a buzz saw or a drag saw will yield as much firewood as could be cut in many days' hard work by hand and will effect a saving of labor, or coal, or perhaps of both, that is well worth considering at a time when both are scarce and high-priced. The shortage of coal in many localities has been due as much to shortage of cars to haul it as to scarcity of coal. The more wood is burned the less coal will need to be transported and the more cars will be released for other needed service. He who burns wood instead of coal helps in the general transportation situation. This bulletin describes the different types of wood-sawing rigs, points out the advantages and disadvantages of each; gives information as to first cost and cost of operation, and offers suggestions as to how they may be operated most efficiently." -- p. 2
Date: 1919
Creator: Tolley, H. R. (Howard Ross), 1889-1958
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Currants and Gooseberries (open access)

Currants and Gooseberries

"This bulletin gives information with regard to the essential features of currant and gooseberry culture, indicates the regions in which these plants may be grown, and points out certain restrictions on their culture due to insect pests and diseases.... The reader will find helpful suggestions regarding the selection of varieties of currants and gooseberries for planting, as well as recipes for making some widely popular fruit products." -- p. 2
Date: 1919
Creator: Darrow, George M. (George McMillan), 1889-
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Larger Corn Stalk-Borer (open access)

The Larger Corn Stalk-Borer

This report discusses a pale, dark-spotted caterpillar known as the larger cornstalk-borer which bores into and weakens cornstalks. "Only corn is injured seriously by this insect; some of the larger grasses are food plants, and sugar cane sometimes is damaged slightly. This bulletin gives the life history of the insect, its feeding habits, and methods of combating it. There are two generations in a season, so greater vigilance is necessary. The second generation passes the winter only in the corn roots, so if these are destroyed or plowed under deeply, the pest will be largely decreased. The injury is worst where corn follows corn, so rotation of crops will help to destroy the pest." -- p. 2
Date: 1919
Creator: Ainslie, George G.
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Strawberry Culture: Western United States (open access)

Strawberry Culture: Western United States

"This bulletin applies to that part of the United States in which ordinary farm crops are grown largely under irrigation. It describes methods practiced in the more important commercial strawberry-growing districts in the irrigated regions of the West; it aims to aid those familiar only with local and perhaps unsatisfactory methods, as well as inexperienced prospective growers. The fundamental principles of the irrigation of strawberries are substantially the same as those which apply in the growing of other crops. Details of operation must necessarily be governed largely by the character of the crop grown. Since strawberries in the humid regions frequently suffer from drought, which causes heavy losses in the developing fruit, the information may prove suggestive to many growers in those localities who could install an irrigation system at small expense. Detailed information is also given as to soils and their preparation, different training systems, propagation, planting, culture, the leading varieties, harvesting, and shipping. Methods of using surplus strawberries for preserves and jams, for canning, and for flavoring for various purposes are given." -- p. 3
Date: 1919
Creator: Darrow, George M. (George McMillan), 1889-
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Conserving Corn From Weevils in the Gulf Coast States (open access)

Conserving Corn From Weevils in the Gulf Coast States

This report discusses the destructive impact of weevils on the corn crop in the southern United States and controls measures which farmers may find effective in reducing their losses to this pest. Among the insects discussed are the Angoumois grain moth and the rice or "black" weevil.
Date: 1919
Creator: Back, E. A. (Ernest Adna), 1886-
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fig Growing in the South Atlantic and Gulf States (open access)

Fig Growing in the South Atlantic and Gulf States

"This bulletin describes the varieties of figs most suitable for the South Atlantic and Gulf States, tells how to grow them and protect them from diseases and insects, and suggests methods of making them into desirable products for the table." -- p. 2
Date: 1919
Creator: Gould, H. P.
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Operating a Cooperative Motor Truck Route (open access)

Operating a Cooperative Motor Truck Route

This bulletin discusses how rural communities can form and operate a cooperative association to transport produce and other goods to market by using motor trucks. It provides instructions for drafting a charter, managing membership, and highlights problems such associations often face while also explaining the many benefits of these associations.
Date: 1919
Creator: Yohe, H. S.
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Muscadine Grape Paste (open access)

Muscadine Grape Paste

"Muscadine grape paste is an economical, appetizing, and nutritious sugar-saving substitute for candy and other confections. It is excellent in combination with cheese, and especially with cottage cheese, as a substitute for the salad course or for a dessert. It may be made from the fresh fruit or preferably from the pulp of pomace left from grape juice and jelly making. It may be made with grape sirup or corn sirup instead of sugar. The pulp may be canned and the paste made at any convenient time or when desired for use. The making of muscadine grape paste is recommended for home use, but it may be made profitably for market where grapes are abundant. This bulletin gives directions for securing suitable fruit, the extraction of the pulp, and the sweetening, cooking, drying, and storing of the product, as well as the making of various combinations, fancy pastes, and pastes from other fruits." -- p. 2
Date: 1919
Creator: Dearing, Charles
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Growing Sugar Cane for Sirup (open access)

Growing Sugar Cane for Sirup

"This bulletin aims to give directions for growing and harvesting sugar cane in those regions where syrup is produced and where it is essentially a small-farm business." -- p. 2
Date: 1919
Creator: Yoder, P. A.
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Care and Repair of Farm Implements: No. 5, Grain Separators (open access)

Care and Repair of Farm Implements: No. 5, Grain Separators

"An enormous waste of grain and great loss of time result every year through the inefficient work of thrashing machines that are not properly repaired and put in thorough working condition before the beginning of the working season.... The separator should be overhauled at the close of the thrashing season or during the winter, needed parts ordered, and necessary repairs and adjustments made. This will tend to lengthen the life of the machine, and prevent loss of time and money from breakdowns at the busy season. This bulletin gives instructions for overhauling and adjusting separators which will reduce to the minimum the losses and delays from breakdowns during the operating season." -- p. 2
Date: 1919
Creator: Johnson, Elmer
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
"White Ants" As Pests in the United States and Methods of Preventing Their Damage (open access)

"White Ants" As Pests in the United States and Methods of Preventing Their Damage

"Damage by white ants is serious to many classes of crude and finished forest products. These insects are especially injurious to foundation timbers and woodwork of buildings and to material stored therein. Damage to timber in contact with the ground is especially serious in the South. The woodwork of buildings can be protected from the attack of white ants by proper construction and these insects can be eliminated where already established." -- p. 2. This bulletin discusses the life cycle of these insects (also known as termites), the type of damage they cause, and methods for protecting wood and timbers.
Date: 1919
Creator: Snyder, Thomas Elliott, b. 1885
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Striped Cucumber Beetle and Its Control (open access)

The Striped Cucumber Beetle and Its Control

"The striped cucumber beetle is the most important of all our cucumber insect pests and does serious damage to all forms of cucurbits. It is widely distributed east of the Rocky Mountains and is to be found in most fields and gardens.... To control this pest and reduce its ravages four methods are employed: Preventive measures, the use of repellent substances, spraying with arsenical insecticides, and good farm practice. These are described fully on pages 10 to 19 and summarized on page 20." -- p. 2.
Date: 1919
Creator: Chittenden, F. H. (Frank Hurlbut), 1858-1929
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Commercial Comb-Honey Production (open access)

Commercial Comb-Honey Production

This bulletin details the process for producing honey which is marketed in its original honeycomb and discusses the equipment needed, management of bees, and collection of the honeycombs.
Date: 1919
Creator: Demuth, Geo. S. (George S.)
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Illustrated Poultry Primer (open access)

Illustrated Poultry Primer

"The object of this bulletin is to give, by means of photographs and brief statements, the fundamentals underlying the production of poultry. An effort has been made to illustrate the various phases of poultry production in such a way as to impress upon the reader's mind the principles of poultry keeping. Under 'Selecting the Breed,' for example, photographs are shown of the more popular breeds of each of the three main classes of poultry, giving the reader an immediate and complete idea of the appearance of these fowls, the classes to which they belong, and their economical usefulness. In like manner other essential phases of poultry keeping are illustrated and discussed. Throughout the bulletin references are given to to other publications issued by the department which give more detailed information on each of the subjects discussed and which may be obtained on request." -- p. 2
Date: 1919
Creator: Lamon, Harry M. & Kinghorne, J. W. (Joseph William)
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Eelworm Disease of Wheat and Its Control (open access)

The Eelworm Disease of Wheat and Its Control

"The eelworm disease of wheat, long known in Europe, has been found during the past year causing considerable damage in Virginia and in isolated localities in West Virginia, Maryland, Georgia, and California. Every effort should be made to control the trouble in these infested regions, to prevent its further spread, and to find other localities where the disease may exist. The disease may be recognized on young and old plants and in the thrashed wheat by the descriptions given in this bulletin. The trouble may be controlled by use of clean seed, by crop rotation, and by sanitation. If clean seed cannot be procured from uninfested localities, diseased seed can be made safe for planting by the salt-brine treatment here described." -- p. 2
Date: 1919
Creator: Byars, Luther P.
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Saving Man Labor in Sugar Beet Fields (open access)

Saving Man Labor in Sugar Beet Fields

"By using bigger implements and more horses per man, many sugar-beet growers have greatly reduced their expenses for man labor and often at the same time have been able to cover more ground per day than before. This bulletin tells how the more successful farmers of the several American sugar-beet regions are speeding up production and saving man power by thus increasing their efficiency in the utilization of larger teams and improved mechanical power." -- p. 2
Date: 1919
Creator: Moorhouse, L. A. & Summers, T. H.
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
The City Home Garden (open access)

The City Home Garden

"Fresh vegetables for an average family may be grown upon a large back yard or city lot.... Thousands of acres of idle land that may be used for gardens are still available within the boundaries of our large cities. Some of the problems that confront the city gardener are more difficult than those connected with the farm garden, and it is the object of this bulletin to discuss these problems from a practical standpoint." -- p. 2. Soil preparation, tools, seeding, watering, diseases and pests, and space issues are all discussed and brief descriptions of several vegetables are given.
Date: 1919
Creator: Beattie, W. R. (William Renwick), b. 1870
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
The European Corn Borer: A Menace to the Country's Corn Crop (open access)

The European Corn Borer: A Menace to the Country's Corn Crop

"The European corn borer probably is the most injurious plant pest that has yet been introduced into this country. It is now known to be present in an area of about 320 square miles near Boston, Massachusetts. Unless repressed and restricted it may be spread throughout the country and cause serious and widespread losses to the corn crop.... To suppress this pest burn or otherwise destroy during the fall, winter, or spring all cornstalks, corn stubble, crop remnants, and stalks of garden plants, weeds, or wild grasses within the infested areas likely to harbor the overwintering borers." -- p. 2. In addition to control measures, this bulletin also explains how to identify injuries caused by the corn borer and discusses its life cycle and habits.
Date: 1919
Creator: Caffrey, D. J.
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Dry Farming for Better Wheat Yields: The Columbia and Snake River Basins (open access)

Dry Farming for Better Wheat Yields: The Columbia and Snake River Basins

"This bulletin deals in particular with the dry farming methods practiced on grain farms in the Pacific Northwest where the rainfall is less than 18 to 20 inches annually, but it also contains advice helpful to all farmers of that region who practice summer-fallowing. Its purpose is to show the possibility of increasing crop yields in the dry-farming areas by using improved methods, and to discuss the practices which have been found most advantageous.... The purposes of summer-fallowing and details of the methods of their accomplishment are presented, with the application of these methods to the cultivation of "blow" soils and "nonblow" soils, and methods are suggested for preventing and stopping the blowing of soils. Attention is given to the seeding of winter and of spring wheat, and suggestions are made for properly maintaining the organic matter in the soil." -- p. 2
Date: 1919
Creator: Hunter, Byron, b. 1869
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Rhodes Grass (open access)

Rhodes Grass

"Rhodes grass was introduced from southern Africa in 1902, and has proved of value for cultivation in the warmer parts of the United States, being grown more largely in Florida and Texas than elsewhere.... It makes a heavy yield of hay of excellent quality, as the stems are slender, tender, and very leafy. The hay is cured easily and is relished by all kinds of live stock.... This bulletin mentions the soil preferences of this grass and gives the methods of seeding and after-treatment employed as well as handling the hay and pasturing and seed saving." -- p. 2
Date: 1919
Creator: Tracy, S. M. (Samuel Mills), 1847-1920
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The UNT Digital Library

Cedar Bayou Quadrangle

Topographic map of a portion of Texas from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) project. The map includes towns, historic or notable sites, bodies of water, and other geologic features. Scale 1:31680
Date: 1919
Creator: Geological Survey (U.S.)
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History