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Immigration Benefit Fraud: Focused Approach Is Needed to Address Problems (open access)

Immigration Benefit Fraud: Focused Approach Is Needed to Address Problems

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) officials believe that some aliens are using the benefit application process to carry out illegal activities, such as crimes of violence, narcotics trafficking, and terrorism. The extent of immigration benefit fraud is unknown, but INS officials and others believe that this problem will increase as smugglers and other criminal enterprises use fraud to bring illegal aliens, including criminals, into the United States. INS investigative units in both the service centers and the district offices investigate possible benefit fraud on the basis of information they receive from staff who process benefit applications, other INS units, the public, and law enforcement agencies. Providing immigration benefits in a timely manner may conflict with the goal of preserving the integrity of the legal immigration system. Although INS recognizes the need to balance these competing goals, it has not always succeeded. INS has several performance measures in place to gauge the results of its benefit fraud enforcement activities. However, INS has not established outcome-based performance measures to assess the results of fraud activities. Additionally, INS has not established goals or measurement criteria for the service center …
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Federal Housing Assistance: Comparing the Characteristics and Costs of Housing Programs (open access)

Federal Housing Assistance: Comparing the Characteristics and Costs of Housing Programs

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "For more than 60 years, the federal government has sought to improve the condition and reduce the cost of rental housing for poor Americans. In fiscal year 1999, 5.2 million low-income households received $28.7 billion in federal housing assistance through more than a dozen programs. Despite this assistance, the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) estimates that 9 million other very-low-income households still have serious unmet housing needs. The most widespread problem facing these households is a lack of affordable housing; many pay more than 30 percent of their income for rent. The housing provided under the six active federal programs varies by such characteristics as age, building type, unit size, location, and services. GAO estimates that, for units with the same number of bedrooms in the same general location, these production programs cost more than housing vouchers. Across the six active programs, the federal government and tenants pay most of the programs' total costs. Except for one program, the federal government pays the largest percentage of the average total per-unit costs. GAO's work raises several housing policy issues, including the relative costs and benefits …
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Severe Wildland Fires: Leadership and Accountability Needed to Reduce Risks to Communities and Resources (open access)

Severe Wildland Fires: Leadership and Accountability Needed to Reduce Risks to Communities and Resources

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Dangerous accumulations of brush, small trees, and other vegetation on federal lands, particularly in the western United States, have helped fuel devastating wildfires in recent years. Although a single focal point is critical for directing firefighting efforts by federal, state, and local governments, GAO found a lack of clearly defined leadership at the federal level. Authority and responsibility remain fragmented among the Department of the Interior, the Forest Service, and the states. Implementation of a performance accountability network also remains fragmented. As a result, GAO could not determine if the $796 million earmarked for hazardous fuels reduction in 2001 and 2002 has been targeted to communities and areas at highest risk. The five federal land management agencies--the National Park Service, the Fish and Wildlife Service, the Bureau of Land Management, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and the Forest Service--have yet to begin the research needed to identify and prioritize vulnerable communities near high-risk federal lands. Moreover, the agencies are not collecting the data needed to determine if changes are needed to expedite the project-planning process. They also are not collecting data needed to measure the effectiveness …
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Protection: Overcoming Obstacles to Innovative State Regulatory Programs (open access)

Environmental Protection: Overcoming Obstacles to Innovative State Regulatory Programs

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issues regulations that states, localities, and private companies must comply with under the existing federal approach to environmental protection. This approach has been widely criticized for being costly, inflexible, and ineffective in addressing some of the nation's most pressing environmental problems. The states have used several methods to obtain EPA approval for innovative approaches to environmental protection. Among the primary approaches cited by the state environmental officials GAO interviewed are EPA's Project XL and the Joint EPA/State Agreement to Pursue Regulatory Innovation. Officials in most states told GAO that they faced significant challenges in submitting proposals to EPA, including resistance from within the state environmental agency and a lack of adequate resources to pursue innovative approaches. EPA recognizes that it needs to do more to encourage innovative environmental approaches by states and other entities. As a result, EPA has (1) issued a broad-based draft strategy entitled "Innovating for Better Environmental Results" and (2) adopted the recommendations of an internal task force, which advocated the consideration of innovative alternatives as new regulations are developed."
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Financial Management Service: Significant Weaknesses in Computer Controls Continue (open access)

Financial Management Service: Significant Weaknesses in Computer Controls Continue

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The Financial Management Service's (FMS) overall security control environment continues to be ineffective in identifying, deterring, and responding to computer control weaknesses promptly. Consequently, billions of dollars of payments and collections are at significant risk of loss or fraud, sensitive data are at risk of inappropriate disclosure, and critical computer-based operations are vulnerable to serious disruptions. During its fiscal year 2000 audit, GAO found new general computer control weaknesses in the entity-wide security management program, access controls, and system software. GAO also identified new weaknesses in the authorization and completeness controls over one key FMS financial application. GAO's follow-up on the status of FMS's corrective actions to address weaknesses discussed in its fiscal year 1999 report found that, as of September 30, 2000, FMS had corrected or mitigated the risks associated with 35 of the 61 computer control weaknesses discussed in that report. To assist FMS management in addressing its computer control weaknesses, GAO made four overall recommendations in this public report."
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Human Services Integration: Results of a GAO Cosponsored Conference on Modernizing Information Systems (open access)

Human Services Integration: Results of a GAO Cosponsored Conference on Modernizing Information Systems

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 replaced the Aid to Families With Dependent Children program with a block grant to states that provide Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). TANF strongly emphasizes work and job replacement and sets a five-year lifetime limit on federally funded TANF assistance to adults. To meet information needs for welfare reform, information systems must be able to share data across various programs, including TANF, Medicaid, job training, child care, and vocational rehabilitation. However, previous GAO studies found major gaps in states' information systems. Most of the local TANF administrators in 15 states surveyed by GAO reported that their current systems provide half or less of the information needed to manage individual cases, plan appropriate services for the caseload, and monitor overall program performance. The administrators are missing information because some of the systems used do not share data on these recipients, which constrains the ability of case managers to arrange and monitor the delivery of services. Five states--New Jersey, North Carolina, Oregon, Utah, and Wisconsin--are modernizing their information systems to take advantage of recent technological advances. These …
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Defense Management: Industry Practices Can Help Military Exchanges Better Assure That Their Goods Are Not Made by Child or Forced Labor (open access)

Defense Management: Industry Practices Can Help Military Exchanges Better Assure That Their Goods Are Not Made by Child or Forced Labor

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The military exchanges operate retail stores similar to department stores in more than 1,500 locations worldwide. The exchanges stock merchandise from many sources, including name-brand companies, brokers and importers, and overseas firms. Reports of worker rights abuses, such as child labor and forced overtime, and antilabor practices have led human rights groups and the press to scrutinize working conditions in overseas factories. GAO found that the military exchanges are not as proactive as private sector companies in determining working conditions at the overseas factories that manufacture their private label merchandise. Moreover, the exchanges have not sought to verify that overseas factories comply with labor laws and regulations. A single industrywide standard for working conditions at overseas factories was not considered practical by the 10 retailers GAO contacted. However, these retailers have taken the following three steps to ensure that goods are not produced by child or forced labor: (1) developing workplace codes of conduct that reflect their expectations of suppliers; (2) disseminating information on fair and safe labor conditions and educating their employees, suppliers, and factory workers on them; and (3) using their own employees or …
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Bogata News (Bogata, Tex.), Vol. 91, No. 36, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002 (open access)

Bogata News (Bogata, Tex.), Vol. 91, No. 36, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002

Weekly newspaper from Bogata, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: Nichols, Nanalee & Nichols, Thomas
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Rambler (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 87, No. 1, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002 (open access)

The Rambler (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 87, No. 1, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002

Weekly student newspaper from Texas Wesleyan University in Fort Worth, Texas that includes campus and local news along with advertising.
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: Manning, Melanie
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Comanche Chief (Comanche, Tex.), No. 39, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002 (open access)

Comanche Chief (Comanche, Tex.), No. 39, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002

Weekly newspaper from Comanche, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: Wilkerson, James C., III
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 17, No. 05, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002 (open access)

Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 17, No. 05, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002

Weekly newspaper from Timpson, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: Ritch, Nancy
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Polk County Enterprise (Livingston, Tex.), Vol. 120, No. 9, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002 (open access)

Polk County Enterprise (Livingston, Tex.), Vol. 120, No. 9, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002

Semi-weekly newspaper from Livingston, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: White, Barbara
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Hondo Anvil Herald (Hondo, Tex.), Vol. 116, No. 5, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002 (open access)

Hondo Anvil Herald (Hondo, Tex.), Vol. 116, No. 5, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002

Weekly newspaper from Hondo, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Tax Abatements: Better IRS Data Could Benefit Small Businesses and IRS (open access)

Tax Abatements: Better IRS Data Could Benefit Small Businesses and IRS

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) abates hundreds of thousands of small business tax assessments annually because either the business or IRS made an error in calculating the taxes. Preventing these errors would eliminate the need for abatements and save IRS time and money. IRS officials said that abatement data could help them provide services to small business. The officials said that such data might help them find ways to prevent errors that result in abated tax assessments. IRS has some data on tax abatements for small business. IRS' master files contain information on taxpayers' accounts, including abatements. IRS also has paper documents on each abatement transaction. In 1999, IRS developed a data file on all abatements that it extracts and updates from the master files quarterly. However, GAO found many problems with IRS' electronic abatement data. GAO identified several steps that IRS could take to improve existing data on such tax abatements and to obtain additional data on the volume, nature, and burden of tax abatements for small businesses. However, IRS needs to weigh the potential costs and benefits. If IRS begins obtaining data step-by-step, insights …
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Federal Student Loans: Flexible Agreements with Guaranty Agencies Warrant Careful Evaluation (open access)

Federal Student Loans: Flexible Agreements with Guaranty Agencies Warrant Careful Evaluation

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The relationship between the Department of Education and state-designated guaranty agencies that run the largest federal student loan program is changing in order to achieve program and cost efficiencies and improve delivery of student financial aid. These state or private not-for-profit agencies guarantee payment if students fail to repay loans obtained through the Federal Family Education Loan programs. The 1998 Amendments to the Higher Education Act authorize the Secretary of Education to enter into "voluntary flexible agreements" (VFA) with individual guaranty agencies. These agreements allow a guaranty agency to waive or modify some of the federal requirements that apply to other guaranty agencies. GAO found that the process for developing the agreements did not fully meet the needs of the guaranty agencies and other program participants. The process frustrated guaranty agency officials GAO talked to, especially those who ultimately chose not to apply for a VFA and those who were not granted a VFA. Agency officials said that Education's communication about the VFA development process was poor and that Education was unable to meet its own timetable. The VFAs generally complied with most of the legislative …
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Foreign Languages: Human Capital Approach Needed to Correct Staffing and Proficiency Shortfalls (open access)

Foreign Languages: Human Capital Approach Needed to Correct Staffing and Proficiency Shortfalls

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The changing security environment and the increasing globalization of the U.S. economy have significantly increased the need for federal employees with foreign language skills. GAO reviewed in detail the operations of the following four agencies: the Army, the State Department, the Department of Commerce's Foreign Commercial Service (FCS), and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). These four agencies reported shortages of translators and interpreters as well as diplomats and intelligence specialists with critical foreign language skills. Agency officials said that these shortfalls have harmed agency operations and hindered U.S. military, law enforcement, intelligence, counterterrorism, and diplomatic efforts. The four agencies use various workforce strategies to meet their foreign language needs, including staff development, such as language training and pay incentives; employee recruitment; contractors; or information technology, such as networked computers and databases. One of the four agencies is trying to resolve its foreign language shortages by focusing on human capital management and workforce planning, as suggested by GAO. The FBI has begun an action plan that links its foreign language program to the Bureau's strategic objectives and program goals. However, the Army, the State Department, and …
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Archer County News (Archer City, Tex.), No. 5, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002 (open access)

Archer County News (Archer City, Tex.), No. 5, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002

Weekly newspaper from Archer City, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: Lewis, Shelley
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 80, No. 66, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002 (open access)

The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 80, No. 66, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002

Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: Cash, Wanda Garner
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Stamford American (Stamford, Tex.), Vol. 81, No. 45, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002 (open access)

Stamford American (Stamford, Tex.), Vol. 81, No. 45, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002

Weekly newspaper from Stamford, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Funeral Program for James R. Jackson, January 31, 2002] (open access)

[Funeral Program for James R. Jackson, January 31, 2002]

Funeral program for James R. Jackson, born November 27, 1919 and died January 28, 2002. The funeral was held January 31, 2002 at Fort Sam Houston National Cemetery, officiated by Rev. Terrence K. Hayes. He was buried in Fort Sam Houston National Cemetery near San Antonio, Texas.
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The Portal to Texas History
Rio Grande Herald (Rio Grande City, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 5, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002 (open access)

Rio Grande Herald (Rio Grande City, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 5, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002

Weekly newspaper from Rio Grande City, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: Roberts, Kenneth
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with John Wilson, January 31, 2002 transcript

Oral History Interview with John Wilson, January 31, 2002

Interview with John Wilson, an officer in the U. S. Army during World War II. Wilson was born in Illinois but attended high school in the Philippines after his father accepted an engineering position there. He graduated from high school in 1939 and then enrolled in the University of Wisconsin, where he participated in the Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) program. He graduated and took his commission in the Army in 1943. After Officer Candidate School (OCS), he was assigned to an engineering unit slated to participate in the invasion of the Philippines. He eventually landed on Luzon. On Luzon he was assigned temporary duty with a small Philippine Civil Affairs unit that was made up of officers and men who had relatives interned by the Japanese in the Philippines. His small unit made their way to Santo Tomas where he liberated many friends and old school mates. A few weeks later, Wilson liberated his father, a civilian internee at Los Banos. Wilson remained with his unit constructing hospitals in the Philippines in anticipation of the casualties expected from the invasion of the Japanese home islands.
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: Pratt, Rick & Wilson, John
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Colony Courier-Leader (The Colony, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 51, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002 (open access)

The Colony Courier-Leader (The Colony, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 51, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002

Weekly newspaper from The Colony, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: Diaz-Holguin, Raymond
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 103, No. 287, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 103, No. 287, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 31, 2002

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 31, 2002
Creator: Bush, Michael
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History