During the next two years, the Fermilab Tavatron is expected to deliver approximately 100pb{sup {minus}1} of integrated luminosity. We describe improvements to the CDF detector since the 1988--89 collider run and discuss the prospects for the discovery of the top quark during the 1992--93 collider runs.

The impact of the nuclear equation of state on the properties of rotating neutron stars from two different sources, stable rotation at the general relativistic Kepler period and rotation at the gravitational radiation-reaction driven instability mode, is analyzed. For this purpose models of rotating neutron stars are constructed in the framework of Einstein's theory of general relativity by applying a refined version of Hartle's perturbative stellar structure equations. The investigation is based on a representative collection of a total of seventeen nuclear equations of state, covering both non-relativistic as well as relativistic ones. 41 refs., 3 figs., 2 tabs.

During the next two years, the Fermilab Tavatron is expected to deliver approximately 100pb{sup {minus}1} of integrated luminosity. We describe improvements to the CDF detector since the 1988--89 collider run and discuss the prospects for the discovery of the top quark during the 1992--93 collider runs.

The purpose of this document is to describe the radiological and chemical source terms for the major projects of the Solid Waste Operations Complex (SWOC), including Project W-112, Project W-133 and Project W-100 (WRAP 2A). For purposes of this document, the term ``source term`` means the design basis inventory. All of the SWOC source terms involve the estimation of the radiological and chemical contents of various waste packages from different waste streams, and the inventories of these packages within facilities or within a scope of operations. The composition of some of the waste is not known precisely; consequently, conservative assumptions were made to ensure that the source term represents a bounding case (i.e., it is expected that the source term would not be exceeded). As better information is obtained on the radiological and chemical contents of waste packages and more accurate facility specific models are developed, this document should be revised as appropriate. Radiological source terms are needed to perform shielding and external dose calculations, to estimate routine airborne releases, to perform release calculations and dose estimates for safety documentation, to calculate the maximum possible fire loss and specific source terms for individual fire areas, etc. Chemical source terms (i.e., …

The conceptual design of an Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator (RTG) Facility Transportation System which is part of the overall RTG Transportation System has been completed and is described in detail. The Facility Transportation System serves to provide locomotion, cooling, shock protection and data acquisition for the RTG package during loading and unloading sequences. The RTG Facility Transportation System consists of a Transporter Subsystem, a Package Cooling Subsystem, and a Shock Limiting Transit Device Subsystem. The Transporter Subsystem is a uniquely designed welded steel cart combined with a pneumatically-driven hand tug for locomotion. The Package Cooling Subsystem provides five kilowatts of active liquid cooling via an on-board refrigeration system. The Shock limiting Transit Device Subsystem consists of a consumable honeycomb transit frame which provides shock protection for the 3855 kg (8500 LB) RTG package. These subsystems have been combined into an integrated system which will facilitate the unloading and loading of the RTG , of the Transport Trailer as well as meet ALARA radiation Package into and out exposure guidelines.

We present results from searches for top quark production in p{bar p} collisions at the Tevatron collider based on an integrated luminosity of 7.5 pb{sup {minus}1} obtained during the 1992--1993 ran. The present results are confined to decay modes where both the top and anti-top quarks in the event decay semi-leptonically to the ee and e{mu} channels. A lower limit of 103 (99) GeV/c{sup 2} is obtained at 95% confidence level for the top quark mass from the absence of events consistent with standard model top quark decays with background subtraction (no background subtraction). We do however observe one event in the e{mu} channel which cannot be explained by the known backgrounds. While we make no claim that this event is due to top quark decay, it is not inconsistent with a top quark mass in the range 130--170 GeV/c{sup 2}

This paper presents scaling results based on simulations with the CALE hydrodynamics code of aluminum projectile impacts on typical aluminum Whipple shields at speeds of 6 to 14 km/s. The objective was to determine the extent of projectile and target material melting. The approach was to perform a matrix of computer simulations varying the impact speed from 6 to 14 km/s and varying the areal density of the shield from 5 percent to 80 percent of the centerline areal density of the projectile. The projectile radius was fixed at 9.5 mm (mass = 1.27 grams). The melt state of the projectile material and the shield material was assessed after release of the initial shock. The post-release specific energy in the projectile and in the shield was compared with the enthalpy of incipient melt and the enthalpy of complete melt provided in the Hultgren Tables. Material with specific energy greater than the enthalpy of complete melt was assumed to be fully melted; material with specific energy greater than the enthalpy of incipient melt but less than that of complete melt was assumed to be partially solid and partially melted mixed phase material with no strength; and material with specific energy less …

We present results from searches for top quark production in p[bar p] collisions at the Tevatron collider based on an integrated luminosity of 7.5 pb[sup [minus]1] obtained during the 1992--1993 ran. The present results are confined to decay modes where both the top and anti-top quarks in the event decay semi-leptonically to the ee and e[mu] channels. A lower limit of 103 (99) GeV/c[sup 2] is obtained at 95% confidence level for the top quark mass from the absence of events consistent with standard model top quark decays with background subtraction (no background subtraction). We do however observe one event in the e[mu] channel which cannot be explained by the known backgrounds. While we make no claim that this event is due to top quark decay, it is not inconsistent with a top quark mass in the range 130--170 GeV/c[sup 2]

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A brief overview of the CarbBank, a carbohydrate database, is provided.

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Structural distortions that compete with superconductivity have been investigated in two systems where oxygen content can be used to vary the doping continuously from the under doped state, through the maximum T{sub c} into the over doped state. In the 123 system, (La{sub 1{minus}x}Ca{sub x})(Ba{sub 1.75{minus}x}La{sub 0.25+x})Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7+{delta}}, the buckling of the CuO{sub 2} planes goes through a maximum at the maximum T{sub c}. In HgBa{sub 2}CuO{sub 4+{delta}}, where buckling of the CuO{sub 2} planes is not available as a structural degree of freedom, there is a plateau at the maximum T{sub c} where the unit cell volume expands as oxygen is added while the charge transfer and T{sub c} remain constant. These unusual structural phenomena upon crossing through the maximum T{sub c} are hypothesized to be a response of the crystal structure to the electronic structure, with the structural distortions competing with superconductivity, or lowering the T{sub c} from what it would otherwise be.

Long term performance requirements for a geologic repository for spent nuclear fuel and high-level waste are based on assumptions concerning water use and subsequent deaths from cancer due to ingesting water contaminated with radio isotopes ten thousand years in the future. This paper argues that the assumptions underlying these requirements are faulty for a number of reasons. First, in light of the inevitable technological progress, including efficient desalination of water, over the next ten thousand years, it is inconceivable that a future society would drill for water near a repository. Second, even today we would not use water without testing its purity. Third, today many types of cancer are curable, and with the rapid progress in medical technology in general, and the prevention and treatment of cancer in particular, it is improbable that cancer caused by ingesting contaminated water will be a sign&ant killer in the far future. This paper reviews the performance requirements for geological repositories and comments on the difficulties in proving compliance in the face of inherent uncertainties. The already tiny long-term risk posed by a geologic repository is presented and contrasted with contemporary every day risks. A number of examples of technological progress, including cancer treatments, …

We have used Raman ''fingerprinting'' to investigate the temperature dependence of the transient oxide phases in the scale formed on MCrAl and MCrAlY (M=Ni,Co) in the temperature range 300 to 1200 C. In particular, by extending our Raman spectra to include second order scattering, we are able to track the evolution of NiO in the scales. We find that the inclusion of Y, while improving scale adhesion, inhibits the formation of Co oxide. We have also exploited the strain dependence of ruby fluorescence to extract the residual strain in the oxide scale.

Currently three imaging spectrometer architectures, tunable filter, dispersive, and Fourier transform, are viable for imaging the universe in three dimensions. There are domains of greatest utility for each of these architectures. The optimum choice among the various alternative architectures is dependent on the nature of the desired observations, the maturity of the relevant technology, and the character of the backgrounds. The domain appropriate for each of the alternatives is delineated; both for instruments having ideal performance as well as for instrumentation based on currently available technology. The environment and science objectives for the Next Generation Space Telescope will be used as a specific representative case to provide a basis for comparison of the various alternatives.

Thousands of horizontal wells are being drilled each year in the U.S.A. and around the world. Horizontal wells have increased oil and gas production rates 3 to 8 times those of vertical wells in many areas and have converted non-economic oil reserves to economic reserves. However, the use of horizontal technology in various formation types and applications has not always yielded anticipated success. The primary objective of this project is to examine factors affecting technical and economic success of horizontal well applications. The project`s goals will be accomplished through six tasks designed to evaluate the technical and economic success of horizontal drilling, highlight current limitations, and outline technical needs to overcome these limitations. Data describing operators` experiences throughout the domestic oil and gas industry will be gathered and organized. Canadian horizontal technology will also be documented with an emphasis on lessons the US industry can learn from Canada`s experience. MEI databases containing detailed horizontal case histories will also be used. All these data will be categorized and analyzed to assess the status of horizontal well technology and estimate the impact of horizontal wells on present and future domestic oil recovery and reserves.

On-line measurement of refining development is of vital concern to the papermaker since its control directly affects the uniformity of the product, drainage, drying and energy consumption. The current methods of monitoring fiber development during refining rely on secondary measures such as: Drainage rate, either measured off-line as Canadian standard freeness, or on-line with a number of commercial sample and test devices; energy consumption at the refiner; or changes in vacuum on the paper machine. To overcome these limitations of the existing technology, this project was designed to evaluate the use of a new type of sensor to monitor fiber development during refining. This sensor, a Lasentec Scanning Laser Microscope (SLM), is currently used as a particle size analyzer for slurries. The sensor will be described in more detail later. The use of this sensor had been successful in the laboratory. This project, was to establish this instrument as an in-line means to directly monitor refining.

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We review the derivation of moment equations which include the effects of space charge and dispersion in bends first presented in ref [1]. These equations generalize the familiar envelope equations to include the dispersive effects of bends. We review the application of these equations to the calculation of the change in emittance resulting from a sharp transition from a straight section to a bend section, using an energy conservation constraint. Comparisons of detailed 2D and 3D simulations of intense beams in rings using the WARP code (refs [2,3]) are made with results obtained from the moment equations. We also compare the analysis carried out in ref [1], to more recent analyses, refs [4,5]. We further examine self-consistent distributions of beams in bends and discuss the relevance of these distributions to the moment equation formulation.

This document is the analytical laboratory report for tank 241-T-112 push mode core segments collected between February 26, 1997 and March 19, 1997. The segments were subsampled and analyzed in accordance with the Tank 241-T-112 Push Mode Core Samplings and Analysis Plan (TSAP) and the Safety Screening Data Quality Objective (DQO). The analytical results are included in the data summary table. None of the samples submitted for Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Total Alpha Activity (AT) exceeded notification limits as stated in the TSAP. The statistical results of the 95% confidence interval on the mean calculations are provided by the Tank Waste Remediation Systems Technical Basis Group in accordance with the Memorandum of Understanding and are not considered in this report.

Intense laser (> 10{sup 21} W/cm{sup 2}) driven hard x-ray sources offer a new alternative to conventional electron accelerator bremsstrahlung sources. These laser driven sources offer considerable simplicity in design and cost advantage for multiple axis views and have the potential for much higher spatial and temporal resolution than is achievable with accelerator sources We have begun a series of experiments using the Petawatt Laser system at LLNL to determine the potential of these sources for radiography applications Absolutely calibrated spectra extending to 20 MeV and high resolution radiographs through a {rho}r{>=}150 gm/cm{sup 2} have been obtained The physics of these sources and the scaling relationships and laser technology required to provide the dose levels necessary for radiography applications will be discussed Diagnostics of the laser produced electrons and photons will be addressed

In estimating the frequency of an aircraft crashing into a facility, it has been found convenient to break the problem down into two broad categories. One category estimates the aircraft crash frequency due to air traffic from nearby airports, the so-called near-airport environment. The other category estimates the aircraft crash frequency onto facilities due to air traffic from airways, jet routes, and other traffic flying outside the near-airport environment The total aircraft crash frequency is the summation of the crash frequencies from each airport near the facility under evaluation and from all airways, jet routes, and other traffic near the facility of interest. This paper will examine the problems associated with the determining the aircraft crash frequencies onto facilities outside the near-airport environment. This paper will further concentrate on the estimating the risk of aircraft crashes to ground facilities due to high altitude air carrier and air taxi traffic. High altitude air carrier and air taxi traffic will be defined as all air carrier and air taxi flights above 18,000 feet Mean Sea Level (MSL).

This documents the testing of a passively operated, constant air flow control device for in-duct applications on waste tank ventilation systems in the 50-1000 SCFM range.

We report on a diagnostic to measure the trajectory of a blast wave propagating through a plastic target 400 {micro}m thick. This blast wave is generated by the irradiation of the front surface of the target with {approximately} 400 J of 1 {micro}m laser radiation in a 20 ps pulse focused to a {approximately} 50 {micro}m diameter spot, which produces an intensity in excess of 1O{sup 18} W/cm{sup 2}. These conditions approximate a point explosion and a blast wave is predicted to be generated with an initial pressure nearing 1 Gbar which decays as it travels approximately radially outward from the interaction region We have utilized streaked optical pyrometry of the blast front to determine its time of arrival at the rear surface of the target Applications of a self-similar Taylor-Sedov blast wave solution allows the amount of energy deposited to be estimated The experiment, LASNEX design simulations and initial results are discussed.