The purpose and objective of this calculation is to determine the momentary and interrupting duty on the breakers, for 69kV temporary power only.

The purpose and objective of this calculation is to determine the pulling tension the cable can withstand without damage.

Energy production during April 1995 totaled 5.5 quadrillion Btu, a 1.0-percent decrease from the level of production during April 1994. Coal production decreased 7.7 percent, natural gas increased 1.3 percent, and production of crude oil and natural gas plant liquids increased 0.3 percent. All other forms of energy production combined were up 8.6 percent from the level of production during April 1994.

The purpose and objective of this calculation is to determine the maximum ampacity of the cables in the underground duct bank for ensuring compliance with cable limits.

Three types of catalytic materials for alcohol coupling and isobutanol synthesis reactions have been prepared and characterized by BET surface area and x-ray diffraction methods. The materials consist of (1) modified low-temperature methanol synthesis catalysts and their constitutive components, (2) high temperature isobutanol synthesis catalysts consisting of Nb-Zn-Zr mixed oxides promoted with Cu, and (3) high surface area basic oxides prepared from hydrotalcite precursors and active in alcohol coupling reactions. Mechanistic and kinetic studies of methanol and ethanol coupling reactions using labeled compounds have shown that the reaction proceeds via an intermediate dehydrogenation reaction that form aldehydic intermediates. Ethanol is much more reactive than methanol because it forms a more thermodynamically stable acetaldehyde intermediate with kinetically available aldol condensation pathways for the formation of higher oxygenates. The presence of Cs in this catalysts decreases dehydrogenation rates but prevents the decomposition of methanol and ethanol to CO and H{sub 2}.

To test the hypothesis that coal (leonardite) Solubilization and the subsequent depolymerization of the solubilized coal macromolecules are distinct events in lignin degrading fungi. In addition to T versicolor, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, another lignin degrading fungus that also has the ability to solubilize coal, will be studied. To test the hypothesis that the processes of coal (leonardite) solubilization and coal macro molecule depolymerization in lignin degrading fungi can be regulated by altering the nutritional status of the microorganism. Coal solubilization is expected to occur in nutrient rich media whereas depolymerization of solubilized coal macromolecules is expected to occur in nutrient limited media. To determine the role of extracellular enzymes (laccases, lignin peroxidases and Mn peroxidases) that are secreted by lignin degrading fungi during coal solubilization or coal macro molecule depolymerization. To assess the role of enzymatically generated oxygen radicals, non-radical active oxygen species, veratryl alcohol radicals and Mn{sup +++} complexes in coal macro molecule depolymerization. To characterize products of coal solubilization and coal macro molecule depolymerization that are formed by T. versicolor and P. chrysosporium and their respective extracellular enzymes. Solubilization products formed using oxalic acid and other metal chelators will also be characterized and compared.

The general objectives are to (1) to identify and develop gelled polymer systems which have potential to improve reservoir conformance of fluid displacement processes, (2) to determine the performance of these systems in bulk and in porous media, and (3) to develop methods to predict the capability of these systems to recover oil from petroleum reservoirs. This work focuses on three types of gel systems -- an aqueous polysaccharide (KUSP1) system that gels as a function of pH, the chromium(III)-polyacrylamide system and the aluminum citrate-polyacrylamide system. Laboratory research is directed at the fundamental understanding of the physics and chemistry of the gelation process in bulk form and in porous media. This knowledge will be used to develop conceptual and mathematical models of the gelation process. Mathematical models will then be extended to predict the performance of gelled polymer treatments in oil reservoirs. Technical progress is described for the following tasks: physical and chemical characterization of gel systems; mechanisms of in situ gelation; and mathematical modelling of the gel systems.

Calcium hydroxyapatite (HA) is the main chemical constituent of bone. When replacement hip joints are coated with this chemical, the body may be more likely to accept the artificial joint, forming new bone that bonds the joint to the original leg bone. HA deposited by laser ablation in vacuum adheres to the substrate better at high temperatures of up to 700 C. This heater should be capable of uniformly heating to 700 C a silicon disk 150 mm in diameter. The heater consists of two wire heating coils brazed into a disk of stainless steel, with tantalum shields on top and at the sides of the heater to minimize radiation loss. Three spring-rotation clamps at the bottom of the heater hold the substrate disk in place. This report describes the heater and how it was developed, including design evolution and thermal modeling. Also, detailed information about parts is discussed.

A process for the capacitive deionization (CDI) of water with a stack of carbon aerogel electrodes has been developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Unlike ion exchange, one of the more conventional deionization processes, no chemicals are required for regeneration of the system. Electricity is used instead. Water with various anions and cations is pumped through the electrochemical cell. After polarization, ions are electrostatically removed from the water and held in the electric double layers formed at the surfaces of electrodes. The water leaving the cell is purified, as desired. The effects of cell voltage on the electrosorption capacities for Na{sub 2}SO{sub 4}, Na{sub 3}PO{sub 4}, and Na{sub 2}CO{sub 3} have been investigated and are reported here. Results for NaCl and NaNO{sub 3} have been reported previously. Possible applications for CDI are as a replacement for ion exchange processes which remove heavy metals and radioisotopes from process and waste water in various industries, as well as to remove inorganic ions from feedwater for fossil and nuclear power plants.

The Transportation Improvement Program outlines a list of federally assisted transportation projects that will be implemented over a three year period in the San Antonio - Bexar County area.

This documents delineates the activities to be accomplished during the period October 1, 1995 through September 30, 1996, the funding requirements, and the agency responsible for accomplishing the tasks.