The code RELAX is designed to calculate atomic relaxation spectra of X-rays and electrons due to bound-bound transitions. This calculation is based on the atomic transition data contained in the Livermore Evaluated Atomic Data Library (EADL). The results produced by this code for fluorescence yield vs. atomic number (Z) have been published in Tables and Graphs of Atomic Subshell and Relaxation Data Derived from the LLNL Evaluated Atomic Data Library (EADL), z = 1--100{double prime}, UCRL-50400, Vol. 30, October 31, 1991, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

Characterization of deposits from the reactor system provides a means of directly assessing corrosion and chemistry conditions within the system. The recent analysis of debris vacuumed from the bottom of K-Reactor tank provided information and reassurance about the conditions within the tank that would affect corrosion or moderator chemistry. Further opportunity for surveillance within the reactor system was recognized when solid deposits were found on the moderator side of the K-Reactor heat exchanger 4A that failed in December 1991. A sample of deposited material from the face of the tube sheet at the inlet end was removed under the direction of Equipment Engineering Section personnel. The material was analyzed by the Analytical Development Section by techniques used earlier for the K-tank debris. Elemental content was determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Total chlorine content was determined by neutron activation analysis. Crystalline components were identified by X-Ray diffraction, and radionuclidic content characterized by alpha pulse height analysis, beta counting, scintillation counting, and gamma spectroscopy. The purpose of this memorandum is to report the results of these analyses.

Samples of four Savannah River Site (SRS) soils were tested for sorption behavior with Hg[sup 2+], Pb[sup 2+], UO[sub 2][sup 2+], and Cs[sup +] ions. The purpose of the study was to determine the selectivity of the different soils for these ions alone and in the presence of the competing cations, H[sup +] and Ca[sup 2+]. Distribution constants, Kd's, for the test ions in various solutions have been determined for the four soils. In general, sorption by all of the soils appeared to be more complex than a simple ion exchange or adsorption process. In particular, the presence of organic matter in soil increased the capacity of the soil due to its chelating ability. Similar soils did not react similarly toward each metal cation.

Math and Science School is a program designed to enrich and encourage elementary students and teachers of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation in the areas of mathematics and science activities. By providing access to special hands-on workshop sessions held in the mobile science laboratory at the school sites during the school year for students and teachers and with a separate summer inservice program for students, elementary children and teachers are encouraged to explore the fascination of science and the utility of mathematics through use of integrated curricula. The Department of Energy grant underwrites the instructional costs of this system while the grantee provides the mobile laboratory and the majority of the materials.

The purpose of this monograph is to start a theory of deterrence which has the capability of quantitatively answering the question of what is required to deter a nation or alliance from certain acts. Despite the existence of voluminous writing on deterrence, from the beginning of the nuclear age and even before, none of it attempts a theoretical discussion of how to calculate what it takes to deter a country from committing some acts which are objectionable to another country. Many theories of deterrence have already been created. They have exclusively been of two separate forms -- those of the social scientists, which deal with political questions, and how the concept of mass destruction psychological deters the initiation of war; and those of the mathematicians, who model the quantities of one country`s arsenal of strategic systems needed to destroy a certain portion of another country`s. Only the latter is quantitative, but they lack an essential element added to answer the question ``How much is enough?`` In order to use the techniques of operations research on the questions of what type and amount of weapons are adequate for deterrence, the definitions of quantities occurring in the calculations need to be made …

Samples of four Savannah River Site (SRS) soils were tested for sorption behavior with Hg{sup 2+}, Pb{sup 2+}, UO{sub 2}{sup 2+}, and Cs{sup +} ions. The purpose of the study was to determine the selectivity of the different soils for these ions alone and in the presence of the competing cations, H{sup +} and Ca{sup 2+}. Distribution constants, Kd`s, for the test ions in various solutions have been determined for the four soils. In general, sorption by all of the soils appeared to be more complex than a simple ion exchange or adsorption process. In particular, the presence of organic matter in soil increased the capacity of the soil due to its chelating ability. Similar soils did not react similarly toward each metal cation.

This Specific Test and Evaluation Plan (STEP) defines the test and evaluation activities encompassing the upgrades to the 241-A-B Valve Pit for the W-314 Project.

This Specific Test and Evaluation Plan (STEP) defines the test and evaluation activities encompassing the installation of transfer line SN-634 for the W-314 Project.

This Specific Test and Evaluation Plan (STEP) defines the test and evaluation activities encompassing the installation of transfer line SN-632 for the W-314 Project.

Math and Science School is a program designed to enrich and encourage elementary students and teachers of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation in the areas of mathematics and science activities. By providing access to special hands-on workshop sessions held in the mobile science laboratory at the school sites during the school year for students and teachers and with a separate summer inservice program for students, elementary children and teachers are encouraged to explore the fascination of science and the utility of mathematics through use of integrated curricula. The Department of Energy grant underwrites the instructional costs of this system while the grantee provides the mobile laboratory and the majority of the materials.

It was found that there was a strong dependence of the density profile on the secondary air injection location and that there was a pronounced solid separation from the conveying gas, due to the swirl motion. Furthermore, the swirl motion generated strong internal circulation patterns and higher slip velocities than in the case of nonswirl motion as in an ordinary circulating fluidized bed. Radial solids flux profiles were measured at different axial locations. The general radial profile in a swirling circulating fluidized bed indicated an increased downward flow of solids near the bed walls, and strong variations in radial profiles along the axial height. For swirl numbers less than 0.9, which is typical for swirling circulating fluidized beds, there is no significant increase in erosion due to swirl motion inside the bed. Pending further investigation of swirl motion with combustion, at least from our cold model studies, no disadvantages due to the introduction of swirl motion were discovered.

The test program has demonstrated that: (1) technically, the new flotation technologies discovered at the University of Utah and then improved upon by Advanced Processing Technologies, Inc. provide a highly efficient means to selectively recover fossil resin from coal. The proof-of-concept continuous flotation circuit resulted in fossil resin recovery with the same separation efficiency as was obtained from laboratory bench-scale testing (more than 80% recovery at about 80% concentrate grade); and (2) economically, the selective flotation process has been shown to be sufficiently profitable to justify the development of a fossil resin industry based on this new flotation process. The proof-of-concept testing has resulted in significant interest from several coal mining companies and has sparked the desire of local and state government to establish a fossil resin industry in the Wasatch Plateau coal field. In this view, the results from the current proof-of-concept testing program have been successful. This special report provides theoretical and analytical data on some surface chemistry work pertinent to fossil resin characterization, and other efforts carried out during the past months.

This report provides historical background that may be useful to Congress as it considers funding levels, types of programs, and problems in implementation of U.S. assistance to other countries.

The test program has demonstrated that: (1) technically, the new flotation technologies discovered at the University of Utah and then improved upon by Advanced Processing Technologies, Inc. provide a highly efficient means to selectively recover fossil resin from coal. The proof-of-concept continuous flotation circuit resulted in fossil resin recovery with the same separation efficiency as was obtained from laboratory bench-scale testing (more than 80% recovery at about 80% concentrate grade); and (2) economically, the selective flotation process has been shown to be sufficiently profitable to justify the development of a fossil resin industry based on this new flotation process. The proof-of-concept testing has resulted in significant interest from several coal mining companies and has sparked the desire of local and state government to establish a fossil resin industry in the Wasatch Plateau coal field. In this view, the results from the current proof-of-concept testing program have been successful. This special report provides theoretical and analytical data on some surface chemistry work pertinent to fossil resin characterization, and other efforts carried out during the past months.

A letter with a handwritten note to Dennis addressing recent statistics about AIDS in Dallas County. The letter is followed by a surveillance report listing the demographic information of Dallas residents with AIDS .

Progress is identified in the following items reported as significant findings for the January 1993 reporting period: In Task 2, revisions to the dewatering topical report were started. In the Task 6 froth flotation work, Pittsburgh seam minus 28 mesh size and specific gravity analyses are complete, and analysis for the 100 mesh tests continued. Illinois No. 6 testing continues. In the Task 6 Coal Liberation work, ash analysis of 134 different composition/size fractions produced by the crushing of the 6M {times} 8M sample were completed.

The purpose of this Specific Test and Evaluation Plan (STEP) is to provide a detailed written plan for the systematic testing of modifications made to the 241-AX-B Valve Pit by the W-314 Project. The STEP develops the outline for test procedures that verify the system`s performance to the established Project design criteria. The STEP is a lower tier document based on the W-314 Test and Evaluation Plan (TEP). Testing includes Validations and Verifications (e.g., Commercial Grade Item Dedication activities), Factory Acceptance Tests (FATs), installation tests and inspections, Construction Acceptance Tests (CATs), Acceptance Test Procedures (ATPs), Pre-Operational Test Procedures (POTPs), and Operational Test Procedures (OTPs). It should be noted that POTPs are not required for testing of the transfer line addition. The STEP will be utilized in conjunction with the TEP for verification and validation.

This document is the final report for tank 241-S-302 grab samples. Three grab samples were collected on January 30, 1998. Analyses were performed on samples 302-S-97-1, 302-S-97-2 and 302-S-97-3 in accordance with the Compatibility Grab Sampling and Analysis Plan (TSAP) (Sasaki, 1997) and the Data Quality Objectives (DQO) for Tank Farms Waste Compatibility Program (Mulkey, 1997). The analytical results are presented in Table 1. No notification limits were exceeded. The sample breakdown diagrams (Attachment 1) are provided as a cross-reference for relating the tank farm customer identification numbers with the 222-S Laboratory sample numbers and the portion of sample analyzed. Table 2 provides the appearance information. Visual observation indicated that the sample was a clear, light-yellow liquid with less than one percent solids. No organic layer was observed. The 125 mL sample was submitted to the laboratory for analysis of inorganic analytes and radionuclides.

The purpose of this Specific Test and Evaluation Plan (STEP) is to provide a detailed written plan for the systematic testing of modifications made by the addition of the SN-633 transfer line by the W-314 Project. The STEP develops the outline for test procedures that verify the system`s performance to the established Project design criteria. The STEP is a lower tier document based on the W-314 Test and Evaluation Plan (TEP). This STEP encompasses all testing activities required to demonstrate compliance to the project design criteria as it relates to the addition of transfer line SN-633. The Project Design Specifications (PDS) identify the specific testing activities required for the Project. Testing includes Validations and Verifications (e.g., Commercial Grade Item Dedication activities), Factory Acceptance Tests (FATs), installation tests and inspections, Construction Acceptance Tests (CATs), Acceptance Test Procedures (ATPs), Pre-Operational Test Procedures (POTPs), and Operational Test Procedures (OTPs). It should be noted that POTPs are not required for testing of the transfer line addition. The STEP will be utilized in conjunction with the TEP for verification and validation.

This Specific Test and Evaluation Plan (STEP) defines the test and evaluation activities encompassing the installation of transfer line SN-630 for the W-314 Project.

Characterization of deposits from the reactor system provides a means of directly assessing corrosion and chemistry conditions within the system. The recent analysis of debris vacuumed from the bottom of K-Reactor tank provided information and reassurance about the conditions within the tank that would affect corrosion or moderator chemistry. Further opportunity for surveillance within the reactor system was recognized when solid deposits were found on the moderator side of the K-Reactor heat exchanger 4A that failed in December 1991. A sample of deposited material from the face of the tube sheet at the inlet end was removed under the direction of Equipment Engineering Section personnel. The material was analyzed by the Analytical Development Section by techniques used earlier for the K-tank debris. Elemental content was determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Total chlorine content was determined by neutron activation analysis. Crystalline components were identified by X-Ray diffraction, and radionuclidic content characterized by alpha pulse height analysis, beta counting, scintillation counting, and gamma spectroscopy. The purpose of this memorandum is to report the results of these analyses.

In order to be able to explore the control of cell wall polysaccharide synthesis at the molecular level, which inter alia might eventually lead to means for useful modification of plant biomass polysaccharide production, the immediate goals of this project are to identify polypeptides responsible for wall polysaccharide synthase activities and to obtain clones of the genes that encode them. We are concentrating on plasma membraneassociated (1,3)-{beta}-glucan synthase (glucan synthase-II or GS-II) and Golgi-associated (1,4)-{beta}-glucan synthase (glucan synthase-I or GS-I), of growing pea stem tissue. Our progress has been much more rapid with respect to GS-II than regarding GS-I.

A previously idle portion of the Midway-Sunset field, the ARCO Western Energy Pru Fee property, is being brought back into commercial production through tight integration of geologic characterization, geostatistical modeling, reservoir simulation, and petroleum engineering. This property, shut-in over a decade ago as economically marginal using conventional cyclic steaming methods, has a 200-300 foot thick oil column in the Monarch Sand. However, the sand lacks effective steam barriers and has a thick water-saturation zone above the oil-water contact. These factors require an innovative approach to steam flood production design that will balance optimal total oil production against economically viable steam-oil ratios and production rates. The methods used in the Class III demonstration are accessible to most operators in the Midway-Sunset field and could be used to revitalize properties with declining production of heavy oils throughout the region.

Progress is identified in the following items reported as significant findings for the January 1993 reporting period: In Task 2, revisions to the dewatering topical report were started. In the Task 6 froth flotation work, Pittsburgh seam minus 28 mesh size and specific gravity analyses are complete, and analysis for the 100 mesh tests continued. Illinois No. 6 testing continues. In the Task 6 Coal Liberation work, ash analysis of 134 different composition/size fractions produced by the crushing of the 6M [times] 8M sample were completed.