Muons that result from the collisions of protons in the ISABELLE beams with other nucleons introduce important background or signal for experiments. Their ability to pass through the conductors and steel of ISABELLE magnets results in complicated trajectories. Some oscillate about quasistable orbits and are called ''trapped.'' A number of typical trajectories were plotted, and flux estimates were made with a Monte Carlo program, HALO. Trapping tends to reduce shielding requirements somewhat, but the effect does not appear to be a very large one from these initial investigations. More aspects need to be studied, and HALO appears to be a useful tool for doing so.

A proposal is made for extending to processes involving baryons the ordered Hilbert space approach to the topological expansion. The proposal is based on a topological classification scheme for baryonic processes that is similar to one used previously for the lowest-order contributions, but is in terms of the minimum number of reggeon closed loops instead of handles.

Research was conducted to improve on presently used techniques for mapping soundspeed variations in the earth by monitoring the return from seismic probes. For small variations in the propagation speed, a linear integral equation was derived for that soundspeed variation. The integral equation is sufficiently general to characterize the placement of sources and receivers. The integral equation was solved in closed form for most of the source-receiver configurations of practical interest. The problem of dealing with the imperfect and incomplete data obtained in the real world was also confronted. The realistically constrained solution was implemented on the computer for a source-receiver configuration commonly used in seismic profiling. This latter project has dominated much of the research effort over the recent contract period.

The feasibility of using design competitions as public policy tools to stimulate and promote energy conservation in building design, construction, and management is examined. Major pitfalls or barriers in program design or implementation are identified. A strategic plan and methodology for accomplishing the next tasks are developed. Major conclusions are summarized. A comprehensive list of individuals and organizations contacted for information; a description and analyses of prior design competitions; and publications, articles, and testimony are presented in the appendices. (MCW)

Attention is focussed on using heat pumps to obtain heat energy from low temperature geothermal resources. The principles of heat pumps are examined to explore applications in residential and commercial heat requirements. Availability and costs are discussed. This is intended to serve as a primer and user document requiring no background in heat pump technology. (MHR)

This environmental impact analysis of electric and hybrid vehicle batteries is intended to identify principal environmental impacts resulting directly or indirectly from the development of electric vehicle batteries. Thus, the result of this study could be used to determine the appropriate following step in the U.S. DOE's EIA process. The environmental impacts considered in this document are the incremental impacts generated during the various phases in the battery life cycle. The processes investigated include mining, milling, smelting, and refining of metallic materials for electrode components; manufacturing processes of inorganic chemicals and other materials for electrolytes and other hardware components; battery assembly processes; operation and maintenance of batteries; and recycling and disposal of used batteries. The severity of the incremental impacts is quantified to the extent consistent with the state-of-knowledge. Many of the industrial processes involve proprietary or patent information; thus, in many cases, the associated environmental impacts could not be determined. In addition, most candidate battery systems are still in the development phase. Thus, the manufacturing and recycling processes for most battery systems either have not been developed by industry, or the information is not available. For these cases, the associated environmental impact evaluations could only be qualitative, and the …

The asymptotic behavior of the maximum of a particular autoregressive process is discussed. The process was introduced by Gaver and Lewis in 1975 as a generalization of the Poisson process which allows for some dependence in the successive interarrival times. The exact distribution of the maximum of the first two terms and the first three terms in the sequence (denoted by M/sub 1/ and M/sub 2/, respectively) is calculated, and upper and lower bounds are obtained for M/sub n/, the maximum of the first n + 1 terms in the sequence. Loynes in 1965 gave conditions under which a stationary stochastic process has a maximum which behaves in the limit just as for independent identically distributed variables with the marginal distribution of the stationary process. Such conditions are often very difficult to verify in practice. However, for this particular example the joint distribution of the process at time n and n + j + 1 is determined, and the conditions to obtain the limit theorem are verified by use of the Markov property.

The theory of the ortho-para transitions in H/sub 2/, D/sub 2/, and T/sub 2/ is developed. Experimental and calculated values of the ortho-para compositions of the three hydrogen isotopes mentioned in the literature are correlated as a function of temperature, and are discussed critically. The kinetics of the radiation and self-induced ortho-para transitions are reviewed. In general, the radiation-induced transitions are more rapid than the self-induced transitions. We estimate (based on data for other systems) that the ..beta..-ray-induced ortho-para transitions in liquid D/sub 2/ or T/sub 2/ would be fast, with a half time on the order of a few minutes. Experiments are proposed to study these transitions in the liquid phase using infrared spectroscopy.

A preliminary design of an electrostatically plugged cusp reactor was presented in (UCRL-52142(1976)). The capital costs of the various components of this reactor are estimated and totaled for two different blanket configurations: one having an energy multiplication factor M = 1.2, and the other having M = 1.68. The unoptimized direct capital costs for these cases are found to be about 1400 and 950 $/kWe, respectively.

A technique was developed to measure the thermal expansion of solids in the temperature range from -50 to 175/sup 0/C. The technique utilizes strain gages to measure expansion and Type J (iron/constantan) thermocouples to measure temperature. Measurements were made on pure platinum and on copper and tungsten standards obtained from the National Bureau of Standards.

Described are newly developed wound-counting systems which provide a high sensitivity for the detection and quantification of X-ray emissions from wounds contaminated with plutonium or americium; and for the location of deposition of radioactive material within a wound, as required by surgery. The systems are used in the medical facility at the Rocky Flats Plant. Work efforts over the past 20 years have concentrated on improving detection limits by reducing and stabilizing the background counting rate. The developments over the last three years have resulted in a family of instruments with excellent operational characteristics, complementary package design, easy maintenance, and reliable operation. A 13-stage photomultiplier tube system is used.

Copies of figures and tables used in the presentation to Charles C. Finch, Governor of Mississippi, are compiled. (LK)

The experimental results obtained from pressure suppression experiment numbers 1.0(a) and 1.0(b) that were performed on the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory's /sup 1///sub 5/-scale boiling water reactor (BWR) Mark I pressure suppression experimental facility are summarized.

A computer program (CIXZE) has been developed to model Zeolon 900 ion exchange processes for study of the significant process variables. The program models the load, scrub, and elution cycle with four cations: cesium, sodium, potassium, and rubidium. Zeolon 900 equilibrium data is used in predicting the load, empirical data is taken into account in the scrub and elution models. The program has been tested and adjusted with B Plant Cesium Purification process data. During the period of most stable operation in 1975, the relation between the loading variables was accurately predicted. The scrub indicated realistic changes during a sensitivity study. Many of the process measurements had to be extrapolated to obtain the desired data due to the high /sup 137/Cs concentrations in the system limiting the reliability of process sampling. The program was also tested with the proposed B Plant CAW process flowsheet. A critical judgment at this time is the loading capacity of the large Zeolon 900 column (T-18-2) in the flowsheet. Unfortunately data on the loading of Zeolon 900 with other cations (in the CAW feed) is not available at this time. Program results were helpful in the flowsheet design, however, optimization of the program with the …

This report is about Compilation of selected Federal and state freedom of information and privacy laws

This report is over the SALT I anti-ballistic missile agreement between the U.S. and U.S.S.R., implications of continuing that agreement, and SALT II negotiations.

This report provides information about the Federal laws relating to the control of drug abuse, enacted 1961-1976 especially in the areas of health and crime control.

This report outlines and describes how a number of U.S. states handle marijuana-related criminal offenses. This report uses charts and text to describe their statistical findings.

Reheat cracks usually manifest themselves as macroscopic defects, which are centimeters long and deep, and are detectable by the usual nondestructive examination (NDE) procedures or as microscopic grain boundary decohesions (GBD) that are beyond the limit of detection by commercial NDE procedures. This report has concentrated on the significance of the microscopic cracks that may go undetected. The probability that GBD exist in the heat-affected zones (HAZ) of weldments of pressure vessel steels is high; particularly in SA 508 Class 2 weldments. A sample of the HAZ from the prolongation-weldment from the Heavy Section Steel Technology program Intermediate Test Vessel (ITV) No. 4 was examined by the Staatliche Materialprufungsanstalt (MPA). They reported GBD 5 mm (0.2 in.) long. This prompted an examination of the HAZ from the ITV vessel that had been tested to failure at 24/sup 0/C (75/sup 0/F). During testing, the region of the weld which contained the flaw that initiated the failure was strained up to 0.5%. A metallographic examination of this region of the weldment revealed GBD, but none of the size reported by the MPA. Further, there was no evidence that the GBD had extended as a consequence of the tests. Fracture toughness tests were …

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The abstract is included of a published report which outlines the potential role of metal/air fuel cells in automotive transportation. The energy and dolar cost of metal/air fuel cell systems is estimated, with emphasis given to the energy and dollar cost of aluminum production. Only aluminum, lithium, and (possibly) calcium are capable of providing the power for a full-performance electric vehicle, while aluminum is most favorable from the standpoint of economics. The electrochemistry of the calcium electrode appears to be similar to that of lithium, although the use of an aggressive anion (chloride) is necessary to prevent rapid passivation of the anode. Faradaic efficiencies were found to approach 100 percent close to the diffusion-limited dissolution conditions, as in the case of lithium. However, electrode polarizations of about 1.5 V under such conditions would produce an energy efficiency of discharge of about 40 percent. The two-stage electrolysis process, proposed for the efficient production of lithium, was subjected to further experimental verification. Faradaic efficiencies exceeding 95 percent were obtained for the formation of Li(Hg) from aqueous LiOH at temperatures up to 56/sup 0/C at 75 mA/cm/sup 2/. Concentrations of Li in Hg were obtained which exceeded the liquidus solubility limit by a …

In order to qualify Milliwatt Generator heat sources for an extended design life, multi-axial mechanical tests were performed on the strength member components. The results of these tests indicated that failure occurred predominantly in the middle of the weld ramp-down (down-slope) zone. Examination of the failure zone by standard metallographic techniques failed to indicate the cause of failure. A modified technique utilizing chemical etching, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray analysis was employed and dramatically indicated the true cause of failure, viz., inclusions in the parent material which were precipitated along the welds. As a result of the initial investigation, weld parameters for the heat sources were altered and preliminary tests on sample welds suggested that pulse-arc welding eliminate this type of failure.

Simple analytical expressions are presented for estimating geothermal brine thermophysical properties above 80/sup 0/F and for salt contents between 5 and 25 percent by weight. Linear regression by the method of least squares is used to curve-fit saturated liquid enthalpy and density data on simulated brines. Brine saturation pressure is calculated as a percentage of the pure water saturation pressure at the same temperature. Saturated liquid brine entropy is determined from an approximation to the differential equation for entropy change using the previously determined relationships for the other property values needed. Brine vapor properties are assumed equal to steam properties at the same temperature and pressure and are obtained from the ASME equation-of-state for pure water.

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