None

None

Recently Ciuchini, Pierini and Silvestrini proposed a method for constraining CKM parameters in B {yields} K{pi}{pi} and B{sub s} {yields} K{pi}{pi} through phase measurements of amplitudes involving I = 3/2 K*{pi} final states. We show that complementary information on CKM parameters may be obtained by studying the phases of {Delta}I = 1 B {yields} (K*{pi}){sub I = 1/2}, B{sub s} {yields} (K* {bar K}){sub l=1} and B{sub s} {yields} ({bar K}* K){sub I=1} amplitudes. Hadronic uncertainties in these constraints from electroweak penguin operators O{sub 9} and O{sub 10}, studied using flavor SU(3), are shown to be very small in B {yields} K{pi}{pi} and B{sub s} {yields} K{pi}{pi} and somewhat larger in B{sub s} {yields} K{bar K}{pi}. The first processes imply a precise linear relation between {bar {rho}} and {bar {eta}}, with a measurable slope and an intercept at {bar {eta}} = 0 involving a theoretical error of 0.03. The decays B{sub s} {yields} K{pi}{pi} permit a measurement of involving a theoretical error below a degree. We note that while time-dependence is required when studying B{sup 0} decays at the {Upsilon}(4S), it is not needed when studying B{sub s} decays at hadronic colliders.

It is important to recognize the presence of Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (NAPLs) in soils at a waste site in order to design and construct a successful remediation system. NAPLs often manifest as a complex, multi-component mixture of organic compounds that can occur in environmental media, such as vadose zone soil, where the mixture will partition and equilibrate with soil particles, pore vapor, and pore water. Complex organic mixtures can greatly complicate the determination and quantification of NAPL in soil due to inter-media transfer. NAPL thresholds can also change because of mixture physical properties and can disguise the presence of NAPL. A unique analytical method and copyrighted software have been developed at the Department of Energy's Savannah River Site that facilitates solution of this problem. The analytical method uses a classic chemistry approach and applies the principals of solubility limit theory, Raoult's Law, and equilibrium chemistry to derive an accurate estimation of NAPL presence and quantity. The method is unique because it calculates an exact result that is mass balanced for each physical state, chemical mixture component, and mixture characteristics. The method is also unique because the solution can be calculated on both a wet weight and dry weight basis--a factor …