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462 Matching Results
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Relationship Between Atmospheric circulation and Snowpack in theWestern United States
Snow anomalies in the western United States (U.S.) have beenwidely investigated by many researchers due to its impact on wateravailability. This study focuses on how anomalous atmospheric circulationaffects snowpack accumulation in the western U.S. using observations andoutput from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) CommunityClimate Model version 3 (CCM3). Our results indicate that themid-latitude atmospheric circulation anomalies induced by the ElNino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) tend to drive winter precipitationshifts, leading to an anomalous snowpack distribution in the western U.S.The warm phase of ENSO produces increased snowpack in the Southwest,while the cold phase of ENSO generates increased snowpack in theNorthwest. Temperature has a secondary impact on the anomalous snowpackdistribution during ENSO episodes. Additionally, the non-linearatmospheric dynamics-related Pacific-North American (PNA) pattern isfound to strongly affect snow anomalies in the western U.S. independentfrom ENSO. The positive phase of the PNA pattern produces coldertemperature and stronger precipitation due to the lower pressure in theregion, leading to an above normal snowpack. Conversely, the negativephase of the PNA pattern generates warmer temperature and weakerprecipitation resulting from the higher pressure, producing a below thannormal snowpack in the western U.S. In general, the NCAR-CCM3 reproducesthe observed processes. However, model biases are identified andreported. The information provided in this …
Date:
June 2, 2004
Creator:
Jin, Jiming; Miller, Norman L.; Sorooshian, Soroosh & Gao, Xiaogang
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Methodological and Practical Considerations for DevelopingMultiproject Baselines for Electric Power and Cement Industry Projects inCentral America
The Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) andthe Center for Sustainable Development in the Americas (CSDA) conductedtechnical studies and organized two training workshops to developcapacity in Central America for the evaluation of climate changeprojects. This paper describes the results of two baseline case studiesconducted for these workshops, one for the power sector and one for thecement industry, that were devised to illustrate certain approaches tobaseline setting. Multiproject baseline emission rates (BERs) for themain Guatemalan electricity grid were calculated from 2001 data. Inrecent years, the Guatemalan power sector has experienced rapid growth;thus, a sufficient number of new plants have been built to estimateviable BERs. We found that BERs for baseload plants offsetting additionalbaseload capacity ranged from 0.702 kgCO2/kWh (using a weighted averagestringency) to 0.507 kgCO2/kWh (using a 10th percentile stringency),while the baseline for plants offsetting load-followingcapacity is lowerat 0.567 kgCO2/kWh. For power displaced from existing load-followingplants, the rate is higher, 0.735 kgCO2/kWh, as a result of the age ofsome plants used for meeting peak loads and the infrequency of their use.The approved consolidated methodology for the Clean Development Mechanismyields a single rate of 0.753 kgCO2/kWh. Due to the relatively smallnumber of cement plants in the region and the regional nature of …
Date:
September 2, 2004
Creator:
Murtishaw, Scott; Sathaye, Jayant; Galitsky, Christina & Dorion,Kristel
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
University Press (Beaumont, Tex.), Vol. 80, No. 42, Ed. 1 Friday, April 2, 2004
Semiweekly newspaper from Lamar University in Beaumont, Texas that includes local, national, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
April 2, 2004
Creator:
Gurski, Patrick
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
[Email from Caro Bosca to the WASP Board of Directors, November 2, 2004]
Email from Caro Bosca to the WASP Board of Directors discussing recent committee appointments, the group's letterhead, proposed changes to the newsletter's content and mailing schedule, and upcoming events honoring the WASP.
Date:
November 2, 2004
Creator:
Bosca, Caro Bayley
Object Type:
Letter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Cherokeean Herald (Rusk, Tex.), Vol. 155, No. 15, Ed. 1 Wednesday, June 2, 2004
Weekly newspaper from Rusk, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
June 2, 2004
Creator:
Whitehead, Marie
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
North Texas Daily (Denton, Tex.), Vol. 88, No. 84, Ed. 1 Tuesday, March 2, 2004
Daily student newspaper from the University of North Texas in Denton, Texas that includes local, state and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
March 2, 2004
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from Linnet Taylor to a CAN Gathering Participant - June 2, 2004]
Letter from Linnet Taylor, program assistant of creativity and culture of the Rockefeller Foundation. She sends the letter to a "CAN gathering participant" with a copy of Creative Community: the Art of Community Cultural Development; presumably, a publication by the Foundation.
Date:
June 2, 2004
Creator:
Taylor, Linnet
Object Type:
Letter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: GA-0245
Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Greg Abbott, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification: Whether the courtrooms and offices of the 40th and 378th District Courts may be located anywhere within the geographical boundaries of the City of Waxahachie (RQ-0200-GA)
Date:
September 2, 2004
Creator:
Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: GA-0246
Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Greg Abbott, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification : Whether a civil service commissioner of a municipality governed by chapter 143, Local Government Code, may be appointed to two or more consecutive terms, and if not, whether the reappointment of a commissioner constitutes a criminal offense (RQ-0201-GA)
Date:
September 2, 2004
Creator:
Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The Portal to Texas History
TDNA Meeting Minutes, December 2, 2004
Minutes for December 2, 2004 Texas Daily Newspaper Association Board of Directors' Meeting at the Headliner's Club in Austin, Texas. The members in attendance of the meeting were, Donnis Baggett, Larry Walker, Jeremy Halbreich, Wesley R. Turner Gary Borders, Bob Carlquist, Buddy King, Charles Moser, Doug Toney, Phil Berkebile, Ken Whalen and Darla Thompson. President Donnis Bagget opened the meeting and read announcements to the committee members.
Date:
December 2, 2004
Creator:
Texas Daily Newspaper Association
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cote dIvoire Divided: Civil War Reprise?
None
Date:
December 2, 2004
Creator:
Cook, Nicolas
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Rapid Qualitative Risk Assessment for Contaminant Leakage From Coal Seams During Underground Coal Gasification and CO2 Injection
One of the major risks associated with underground coal gasification is contamination of local aquifers with a variety of toxic compounds. It is likely that the rate, volume, extent, and concentrations of contaminant plumes will depend on the local permeability field near the point of gasification. This field depends heavily on the geological history of stratigraphic deposition and the specifics of stratigraphic succession. Some coals are thick and isolated, whereas others are thinner and more regionally expressed. Some coals are overlain by impermeable units, such as marine or lacustrine shales, whereas others are overlain by permeable zones associated with deltaic or fluvial successions. Rapid stratigraphic characterization of the succession provides first order information as to the general risk of contaminant escape, which provides a means of ranking coal contaminant risks by their depositional context. This risk categorization could also be used for ranking the relative risk of CO{sub 2} escape from injected coal seams. Further work is needed to verify accuracy and provide some quantification of risks.
Date:
July 2, 2004
Creator:
Friedmann, S J
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Pesticide Law: A Summary of the Statutes
None
Date:
December 2, 2004
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Reagentless Real-time Identification of Individual Microorganisms by Bio-Aerosol Mass Spectrometry
None
Date:
March 2, 2004
Creator:
Gard, E E
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act: A Legal Overview
This report examines the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 was enacted principally to prevent corporate bribery of foreign officials. This act had three major parts: 1. It required the keeping by corporations of accurate books, records, and accounts; 2. It required issuers registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission to maintain a responsible internal accounting control system; and 3. It prohibited bribery by American corporations of foreign officials.
Date:
September 2, 2004
Creator:
Seitzinger, Michael V.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Measurement of 150-Sm(n,2ngammai) 149-Sm cross sections between threshold and 20 MeV
Absolute partial {gamma}-ray cross sections for the production of discrete {gamma}-rays from the reaction {sup 150}Sm(n,2n{gamma}{sub i}){sup 149}Sm were measured using the GEANIE {gamma}-ray spectrometer coupled with the intense white neutron source at WNR/LANSCE. The measurements were made for incident neutron energies between threshold (8.04 MeV) and 20 MeV. The partial cross sections for 21 {gamma}-rays were extracted from the data. Of these, 17 were compared to calculations performed using the enhanced Hauser-Feshbach code STAPRE. The partial {gamma}-ray cross sections of the observed parallel decay paths to the ground state were summed, forming a lower bound for the (n,2n) reaction channel. A combination of theory and experiment was then used to deduce the (n,2n) reaction channel cross section.
Date:
August 2, 2004
Creator:
Cooper, J.; Becker, J.; Dashdorj, D.; Dietrich, F. S.; Garrett, P.; Hoffman, R. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Atomic layer deposition of ZnO on ultra-low-density nanoporous silica aerogel monoliths
We report on atomic layer deposition of an {approx} 2-nm-thick ZnO layer on the inner surface of ultralow-density ({approx} 0.5% of the full density) nanoporous silica aerogel monoliths with an extremely large effective aspect ratio of {approx} 10{sup 5} (defined as the ratio of the monolith thickness to the average pore size). The resultant monoliths are formed by amorphous-SiO{sub 2}/wurtzite-ZnO nanoparticles which are randomly oriented and interconnected into an open-cell network with an apparent density of {approx} 3% and a surface area of {approx} 100 m{sup 2} g{sup -1}. Secondary ion mass spectrometry and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy imaging reveal excellent uniformity and crystallinity of ZnO coating. Oxygen K-edge and Zn L{sub 3}-edge soft x-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy shows broadened O 2p- as well as Zn 4s-, 5s-, and 3d-projected densities of states in the conduction band.
Date:
September 2, 2004
Creator:
Kucheyev, S O; Biener, J; Wang, Y M; Baumann, T F; Wu, K J; van Buuren, T et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Characterization of an Effective Cleaning Procedure for Aluminum Alloys: Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Zeta Potential Analysis
We have developed a cleaning procedure for aluminum alloys for effective minimization of surface-adsorbed sub-micron particles and non-volatile residue. The procedure consists of a phosphoric acid etch followed by an alkaline detergent wash. To better understand the mechanism whereby this procedure reduces surface contaminants, we characterized the aluminum surface as a function of cleaning step using Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). SERS indicates that phosphoric acid etching re-establishes a surface oxide of different characteristics, including deposition of phosphate and increased hydration, while the subsequent alkaline detergent wash appears to remove the phosphate and modify the new surface oxide, possibly leading to a more compact surface oxide. We also studied the zeta potential of <5 micron pure aluminum and aluminum alloy 6061-T6 particles to determine how surface electrostatics may be affected during the cleaning process. The particles show a decrease in the magnitude of their zeta potential in the presence of detergent, and this effect is most pronounced for particles that have been etched with phosphoric acid. This reduction in magnitude of the surface attractive potential is in agreement with our observation that the phosphoric acid etch followed by detergent wash results in a decrease in surface-adsorbed sub-micron particulates.
Date:
June 2, 2004
Creator:
Cherepy, N J; Shen, T H; Esposito, A P & Tillotson, T M
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Proposed Mission Concept for the Astrophysical Plasma-dynamic Explorer (APEX): An EUV High-Resolution Spectroscopic SMEX
EUVE and the ROSAT WFC have left a tremendous legacy in astrophysics at EUV wavelengths. More recently, Chandra and XMM-Newton have demonstrated at X-ray wavelengths the power of high-resolution astronomical spectroscopy, which allows the identification of weak emission lines, the measurement of Doppler shifts and line profiles, and the detection of narrow absorption features. This leads to a complete understanding of the density, temperature, abundance, magnetic, and dynamic structure of astrophysical plasmas. However, the termination of the EUVE mission has left a gaping hole in spectral coverage at crucial EUV wavelengths ({approx}100-300 Angstroms), where hot (10{sup 5}-10{sup 8} K) plasmas radiate most strongly and produce critical spectral diagnostics. CHIPS will fill this hole only partially as it is optimized for diffuse emission and has only moderate resolution (R{approx}150). For discrete sources, we have successfully flown a follow-on instrument to the EUVE spectrometer (A{sub eff} {approx}1 cm{sup 2}, R {approx}400), the high-resolution spectrometer J-PEX (A{sub eff} {approx}3 cm{sup 2}, R {approx}3000). Here we build on the J-PEX prototype and present a strawman design for an orbiting spectroscopic observatory, APEX, a SMEX-class instrument containing a suite of 8 spectrometers that together achieve both high effective area (A{sub eff}>20 cm{sup 2}) and high …
Date:
July 2, 2004
Creator:
Kowalski, M P
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Congressional Liaison Offices of Selected Federal Agencies
This report provides information about the Congressional Liaison Offices of Selected Federal Agencies. This list of about 150 congressional liaison offices is intended to help congressional offices in placing telephone calls.
Date:
February 2, 2004
Creator:
Watkins, Zina L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy
This report discusses the debate over government policy regarding industrial competitiveness and technological advancement. Background, legislative initiatives, and different approaches are among topics discussed in this report.
Date:
December 2, 2004
Creator:
Schacht, Wendy H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Shrimp Trade Dispute: Chronology
None
Date:
August 2, 2004
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
COLAs for Military Retirees: Summary of Congressional and Executive Branch Action, 1982-2003 (FY1983-FY2004)
None
Date:
January 2, 2004
Creator:
Goldich, Robert L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Indonesia-U.S. Economic Relations
This report examines the factors that bolster or weaken international relations between the U.S. and Indonesian including the rise of separatist movements and terrorist activities in Indonesia.
Date:
March 2, 2004
Creator:
Morrison, Wayne M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library