This report summarizes the eight cases initiated by Members of Congress in which final rulings were reached, which concerned U.S. military activities in El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Grenada; military action taken during the Persian Gulf conflict between Iraq and Iran; U.S. activities in response to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait (prior to the congressional authorization); U.S. participation in NATO's action in Kosovo and Yugoslavia; and U.S. military action in Libya.

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

Interview with Sergeant Major Lewis R. Guthrie, a United States Marine veteran of the Vietnam War, Desert Storm, and actions in Somalia. Guthrie answers questions and expands on his many experiences during the wars he fought in, where he trained, the supplies and rations they were given, and the combat that he saw.

Interview with Sergeant Major Lewis R. Guthrie, a United States Marine veteran of the Vietnam War, Desert Storm, and actions in Somalia. Guthrie answers questions and expands on his many experiences during the wars he fought in, where he trained, the supplies and rations they were given, and the combat that he saw.

Interview with Angela Bynum, veteran of Operation Iraqi Freedom, as part of the Tarrant County War Veterans Oral History Project. The interview includes Bynum's personal experiences of childhood and education in California and Texas, enlisting in the U.S. Army, basic and advanced training as a motor transport operator, training in avoidance of improvised explosive devices, and transport missions between Iraq and Kuwait. Bynum also discusses her inability to withstand Airborne training, the decision to leave active duty in 2002, her use of the GI Bill benefits to attend Tarrant Community College, the 2004 call-up from reserve duty and deployment to Iraq, her family's concerns regarding deployment, and aspects of daily life for American soldiers stationed in Iraq.

Letter from President George Bush to Charlyne Creger discussing the United States' participation in conflicts in the Persian Gulf Region.

Interview with Michael Crone, veteran of Operation of Iraqi Freedom, as part of the Tarrant County Veterans Oral History Project. The interview includes Crone's personal experiences of childhood in Texas, enlisting in the U.S. Marine Corps Reserves, boot camp at Camp Pendleton, California, training as a diesel mechanic, and being deployed to Kuwait and Al Asad, Iraq. Crone also talks about his family's tradition of military service, realizing that he would be activated and shift in reservist training following September 11 attacks, the birth of his first child while in Iraq, aspects of daily life for American soldiers stationed in Iraq, his work as a repair mechanic, and returning to the U.S. and his family.

Audio log for a recording of an interview with Scott Young, third generation Army and UNT ROTC instructor. In the interview Young discusses his experiences as a student ROTC cadet at University of Florida, his deployment in Afghanistan, Kuwait, Iraq, and Baghdad, and teaching cadets at the University of North Texas.

Interview with Jennifer Leia Krier, a USAF Afghan War veteran and Bronze Star recipient from Fremont, Nebraska. Krier discusses her time at the University of Nebraska, ROTC, becoming a logistics planning officer, work at Yokota Air Base in Japan, the effect of 9/11 and the War on Terror on military life, struggles as a servicewoman and misogyny, joint training with the Army, deployment to Kuwait, deployment to Afghanistan, work and leadership at the brigade level, female integration in combat units, leaving active duty for the reserves, and life off-duty. In appendix is an overview of Krier's Air Force career, photos of her, and photos of her commendations.

Audio log for a recording of an interview with Cameron Lowry, member of the United States Army and Texas National Guard, and ROTC recruiter. In the interview he discusses his decision to join the army, experiences at the New Mexico Military Institute, being stationed in Kuwait, missions with the Texas National Guard, and position as an ROTC recruiter at the University of North Texas. Appendix includes photos of Lowry.

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story. This story aired at 5 P.M.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story.

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

This report provides information and analysis for use by Members of Congress as they deliberate on the Japanese response to the Gulf crisis and, perhaps more important, what it may mean for future U.S.-Japanese relations. The first chapter briefly reviews Japanese government actions in response to the crisis, from August 1990 to February 1991. A second section examines in detail the various factors and constraints that affected Japanese policy. The final section offers conclusions and examines implications of the episode for future U.S.-Japanese relations. Published sources for the report are cited in footnotes.

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of the meeting of the Arab oil minister schedule in Tripoli, Libya has not been posted.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story about Egypt' s semi official newspaper who gave another indication that Saudi Arabia considered the key to the Arab oil embargo against the U. S which is in favor of resuming oil shipments to America.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of Kissinger who has the backing of Egyptian president as he prepares to leave Washington on his fourth mission to the Middle East.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of killings in Rome and Athens has created confusion in five Arab terrorists. Skylab has organized surprise Christmas Eve Festivities. Vice President is vacating with his family at a Ski Resort in Colorado.

With the conventional military threat from Iraq reduced, Kuwait has begun breaking the longstanding political deadlock over leadership and political and economic reform. However, Kuwaiti leaders are facing a new set of concerns posed by continuing instability in Iraq. This report will be updated periodically. See also CRS Report RL31533, The Persian Gulf States: Post-War Issues for U.S. Policy, 2004.

Interview with Rula Walid Bibi, Palestinian-born immigrant to Plano, Texas, for the DFW Metroplex Immigrants Oral History Project. The interview includes Bibi's personal experience with discrimination of Palestinians in the Middle East, childhood in Kuwait City, education at the University of Kuwait and Midwestern State University, family experiences during the First Gulf War and circumstances surrounding her immigration to Texas in 1990, thoughts on religion, experiences as a single mother as well as experiences of living in Wichita Falls, Dallas, Richardson, Garland, and Plano. Bibi talks about her first impressions of the U.S., her career in medical technologies, her marriage to an American man and his conversion to Islam, her involvement with political organizations, and thoughts on American education and foreign policy.

The main objective of this research is to test some of the hypotheses linking economic development, social mobilization, legitimacy, and the coerciveness of the regime with internal political conflict. Each proposed hypothesis is to be tested across sixteen predominantly Islamic Middle Eastern nations for data from two time periods, 1960-66 and 1967-73. To check for the consistency and strength of the hypothesized relationships the test results for each hypothesis for the first period data will be compared with those of the second period.

This comparative study assesses the state of democracy and examines the process of democratization in the Arab World between the years 1980-1993. It addresses shortcomings in the mainstream democracy literature that excluded the Arab World from the global democratic revolution on political cultural grounds. To fulfil the objectives of this study, I employ both the qualitative and quantitative research approaches to test a number of hypothesized relationships. I hypothesize that transition to democracy is negatively associated with economic development, militarism, U.S. foreign policy, the political economy of oil, and dependency. I contend that emerging civil society institutions so far have had no significant effect on democratization in the Arab World. Finally, I hypothesize that the level of democracy in the Arab World is influenced greatly by the issue of civil rights. In order to investigate the hypothesized relationships, the following data sets have been used: Gastil's Freedom House Data set, "Repression and Freedom in the 1980s" data set, and Vanhanen's 1990 data set. The findings of this study support the aforementioned hypothesized relationships. I find that Arab countries, in general have made modest progress toward democracy, making the Arab World part of the global revolution.