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Organizational Perceptions of Women's Vulnerability to Violence in the Wake of Disaster
Women as a group hold little power in the social system which increases women's vulnerability to domestic violence. According to Merton (1970), social problems may be revealed through the disaster recovery process. A coraHunity1s organizational response to social problems such as wife abuse depends upon organizational members' perceptions. The data suggest that organizational perceptions of domestic violence largely depend upon the setting or environment in which an organization exists and operates. A second factor that greatly determines an organization's perception of domestic violence after disaster is organizational type. Organizations which provide services to domestic violence victims pre-disaster are more likely to perceive domestic violence following disaster than organizations which do not provide domestic violence related services prior to disaster.
Date:
August 1995
Creator:
Wilson, Jennifer L. (Jennifer Lyn)
Object Type:
Thesis or Dissertation
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Physical Vulnerability of Electric Systems to Natural Disasters and Sabotage
This report offers an analysis of the vulnerability of electric power system specific equipment which is included in a separate appendix that is under classification review by the Department of Energy. This appendix will be made available only under appropriate safeguards by the Department of Energy.
Date:
June 1990
Creator:
United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Human factors evaluation of teletherapy: Training and organizational analysis. Volume 4
A series of human factors evaluations were undertaken to better understand the contributing factors to human error in the teletherapy environment. Teletherapy is a multidisciplinary methodology for treating cancerous tissue through selective exposure to an external beam of ionizing radiation. A team of human factors specialists, assisted by a panel of radiation oncologists, medical physicists, and radiation therapists, conducted site visits to radiation oncology departments at community hospitals, university centers, and free-standing clinics. A function and task analysis was initially performed to guide subsequent evaluations in the areas of system-user interfaces, procedures, training and qualifications, and organizational policies and practices. The present work focuses solely on training and qualifications of personnel (e.g., training received before and during employment), and the potential impact of organizational factors on the performance of teletherapy. Organizational factors include such topics as adequacy of staffing, performance evaluations, commonly occurring errors, implementation of quality assurance programs, and organizational climate.
Date:
July 1, 1995
Creator:
Henriksen, K.; Kaye, R.D.; Jones, R.; Morisseau, D.S. & Serig, D.I.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Risk management & organizational uncertainty implications for the assessment of high consequence organizations
Post hoc analyses have demonstrated clearly that macro-system, organizational processes have played important roles in such major catastrophes as Three Mile Island, Bhopal, Exxon Valdez, Chernobyl, and Piper Alpha. How can managers of such high-consequence organizations as nuclear power plants and nuclear explosives handling facilities be sure that similar macro-system processes are not operating in their plants? To date, macro-system effects have not been integrated into risk assessments. Part of the reason for not using macro-system analyses to assess risk may be the impression that standard organizational measurement tools do not provide hard data that can be managed effectively. In this paper, I argue that organizational dimensions, like those in ISO 9000, can be quantified and integrated into standard risk assessments.
Date:
February 23, 1995
Creator:
Bennett, C.T.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Crisis Prevention Centers as confidence building measures: Suggestions for the Middle East
Relationships between countries generally exist somewhere in the grey area between war and peace. Crisis prevention activities are important in this area, and should have two goals: stabilizing tense situations that could push countries toward war, and supporting or reinforcing efforts to move countries toward peace. A Crisis Prevention Center (CPC) should facilitate efforts to achieve these goals. Its functions can be grouped into three broad, interrelated categories: establishing and facilitating communication among participating countries; supporting negotiations and consensus-building on regional security issues; and supporting implementation of agreed confidence and security building measures. Technology will play a critical role in a CPC. Technology is required for establishing communication systems to ensure the timely flow of information between countries and to provide the means for organizing and analyzing this information. Technically-based cooperative monitoring can provide an objective source of information on mutually agreed issues, thereby supporting the implementation of confidence building measures and treaties. Technology can be a neutral subject of interaction and collaboration between technical communities from different countries, thereby providing an important channel for improving relationships. Potential first steps for a CPC in the Middle Ease could include establishing communication channels and a dedicated communications center in each country, …
Date:
May 1, 1995
Creator:
Pregenzer, A.L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission Annual Report: 1988/1989
Annual report of the Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission describing goals, activities, and accomplishments during fiscal year 1989.
Date:
September 1990
Creator:
Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission Annual Report: 1990
Annual report of the Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission describing goals, activities, and accomplishments during fiscal year 1990.
Date:
1990
Creator:
Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Management concepts and safety applications for nuclear fuel facilities
This report presents an overview of effectiveness of management control of safety. It reviews several modern management control theories as well as the general functions of management and relates them to safety issues at the corporate and at the process safety management (PSM) program level. Following these discussions, structured technique for assessing management of the safety function is suggested. Seven modern management control theories are summarized, including business process reengineering, the learning organization, capability maturity, total quality management, quality assurance and control, reliability centered maintenance, and industrial process safety. Each of these theories is examined for-its principal characteristics and implications for safety management. The five general management functions of planning, organizing, directing, monitoring, and integrating, which together provide control over all company operations, are discussed. Under the broad categories of Safety Culture, Leadership and Commitment, and Operating Excellence, key corporate safety elements and their subelements are examined. The three categories under which PSM program-level safety issues are described are Technology, Personnel, and Facilities.
Date:
May 1995
Creator:
Eisner, H.; Scotti, R. S. & Delicate, W. S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An Analysis of the Determinants of Recovery of Businesses After a Natural Disaster Using a Multi-Paradigm Approach
This study examines the recovery process of businesses in Homestead, Florida after Hurricane Andrew in 1992. The goal of this study was to determine which organizational characteristics were useful in predicting the level of physical damage and the length of time to reopen for affected businesses. The organizational characteristics examined were age, size, pre-disaster gross sales, ownership of the business location, membership in the Chamber of Commerce, and property insurance. Three-hundred and fifty businesses in the area were surveyed. Because of the complexity of the recovery process, the disaster experiences of businesses were examined using three paradigms, organizational ecology, contingency theory, and configuration theory. Models were developed and tested for each paradigm. The models used the contextual variables to explain the outcome variables; level of physical damage and length of time to reopen. The SIC was modified so that it could form the framework for a taxonomic examination of the businesses. The organizations were examined at the level of division, class, subclass, and order. While the taxa and consistent levels of physical damage, the length of time needed to reopen varied greatly. The homogeneous level of damage within the groups is linked to similarity in assets and transformation processes. When …
Date:
December 1996
Creator:
Flott, Phyllis (Phyllis L.)
Object Type:
Thesis or Dissertation
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Overview and phase 1 implementation guidance
The facilities, activities, processes, and experiments managed by Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc., often involve materials and processes that are hazardous, sensitive, or costly. The risk that may be inherent in these operations is made acceptable by ensuring that they satisfy requirements established by law and regulation, good design, and good operating practices. Configuration management (CM) is an management process intended to ensure that these operations conform to these requirements. The configuration management concept was developed primarily in the aerospace and nuclear power industries in response to events caused when equipment was not kept in the configuration its designers intended. Some of the events resulted in significant environmental disasters. Investigators found that the events were often caused by breakdowns of management controls. These breakdowns allowed improper changes that left equipment unable to perform as required or as documents indicated it would. The configuration management concept was developed to systematically address these breakdowns. Energy Systems and the Department of Energy (DOE) have generally recognized the need for effective configuration management. Health and safety can be better protected; environmental permits, laws, regulations, and orders can be more consistently complied with; and investments in equipment and special programs, such as safety analyses or …
Date:
November 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Oil Pollution Act of 1990
The Oil Pollution Act (OPA) of 1990 streamlined and strengthened EPA's ability to prevent and respond to catastrophic oil spills. A trust fund financed by a tax on oil is available to clean up spills when the responsible party is incapable or unwilling to do so. The OPA requires oil storage facilities and vessels to submit to the Federal government plans detailing how they will respond to large discharges. EPA has published regulations for above ground storage facilities; the Coast Guard has done so for oil tankers. The OPA also requires the development of Area Contingency Plans to prepare and plan for oil spill response on a regional scale.
Date:
1990
Creator:
United States. Congress.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Overview and phase 1 implementation guidance
The facilities, activities, processes, and experiments managed by Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc., often involve materials and processes that are hazardous, sensitive, or costly. The risk that may be inherent in these operations is made acceptable by ensuring that they satisfy requirements established by law and regulation, good design, and good operating practices. Configuration management (CM) is an management process intended to ensure that these operations conform to these requirements. The configuration management concept was developed primarily in the aerospace and nuclear power industries in response to events caused when equipment was not kept in the configuration its designers intended. Some of the events resulted in significant environmental disasters. Investigators found that the events were often caused by breakdowns of management controls. These breakdowns allowed improper changes that left equipment unable to perform as required or as documents indicated it would. The configuration management concept was developed to systematically address these breakdowns. Energy Systems and the Department of Energy (DOE) have generally recognized the need for effective configuration management. Health and safety can be better protected; environmental permits, laws, regulations, and orders can be more consistently complied with; and investments in equipment and special programs, such as safety analyses or …
Date:
November 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Qualitative methods for assessing risk
The Department of Energy`s (DOE) non-nuclear facilities generally require only a qualitative accident analysis to assess facility risks in accordance with DOE Order 5481.1B, Safety Analysis and Review System. Achieving a meaningful qualitative assessment of risk necessarily requires the use of suitable non-numerical assessment criteria. Typically, the methods and criteria for assigning facility-specific accident scenarios to the qualitative severity and likelihood classification system in the DOE order requires significant judgment in many applications. Systematic methods for more consistently assigning the total accident scenario frequency and associated consequences are required to substantiate and enhance future risk ranking between various activities at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). SNL`s Risk Management and National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Department has developed an improved methodology for performing qualitative risk assessments in accordance wi the DOE order requirements. Products of this effort are an improved set of qualitative description that permit (1) definition of the severity for both technical and programmatic consequences that may result from a variety of accident scenarios, and (2) qualitative representation of the likelihood of occurrence. These sets of descriptions are intended to facilitate proper application of DOE criteria for assessing facility risks.
Date:
April 1, 1995
Creator:
Mahn, J. A.; Hannaman, G. W. & Kryska, P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Managing risk at Hanford
Clearly, there is sufficient motivation from Washington for the Hanford community to pay particular attention to the risks associated with the substantial volumes of radiological, hazardous, and mixed waste at Hanford. But there is also another reason for emphasizing risk: Hanford leaders have come to realize that their decisions must consider risk and risk reduction if those decisions are to be technically sound, financially affordable, and publicly acceptable. The 560-square miles of desert land is worth only a few thousand dollars an acre (if that) -- hardly enough to justify the almost two billion dollars that will be spent at Hanford this year. The benefit of cleaning up the Hanford Site is not the land but the reduction of potential risk to the public and the environment for future generations. If risk reduction is our ultimate goal, decisions about priority of effort and resource allocation must consider those risks, now and in the future. The purpose of this paper is to describe how Hanford is addressing the issues of risk assessment, risk management, and risk-based decision making and to share some of our experiences in these areas.
Date:
March 1, 1994
Creator:
Hesser, W. A.; Stillwell, W. G. & Rutherford, W. A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Los Alamos National Laboratory emergency management plan. Revision 1
The Laboratory has developed this Emergency Management Plan (EMP) to assist in emergency planning, preparedness, and response to anticipated and actual emergencies. The Plan establishes guidance for ensuring safe Laboratory operation, protection of the environment, and safeguarding Department of Energy (DOE) property. Detailed information and specific instructions required by emergency response personnel to implement the EMP are contained in the Emergency Management Plan Implementing Procedure (EMPIP) document, which consists of individual EMPIPs. The EMP and EMPIPs may be used to assist in resolving emergencies including but not limited to fires, high-energy accidents, hazardous material releases (radioactive and nonradioactive), security incidents, transportation accidents, electrical accidents, and natural disasters.
Date:
July 15, 1998
Creator:
Ramsey, G.F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Texas Low Income Housing Plan and Annual Report: 1997
Annual plan outlining state housing needs and goals for the next year, as well as a report for the previous year on government-funding housing programs, departmental resources, housing use statistics, and other relevant information.
Date:
1997
Creator:
Texas. Department of Housing and Community Affairs.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Texas Low Income Housing Plan and Annual Report: 1999
Annual plan outlining state housing needs and goals for the next year, as well as a report for the previous year on government-funding housing programs, departmental resources, housing use statistics, and other relevant information.
Date:
1999
Creator:
Texas. Department of Housing and Community Affairs.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Program plan for the partnership for natural disaster reduction. Rev 0
In a matter of minutes, a natural disaster completely changes people`s lives. For example, 9,750 lives were lost in the 1993 Latur, India earthquake, 106,000 homes were destroyed in the 1995 Hanshin-Awajii (Kobe) Japan earthquake, and over 8000 jobs/businesses were either disrupted or terminated during Hurricane Andrew. Worldwide, economic disaster damages have tripled in the past 30 years - rising from $40 billion in the 1960`s to $120 billion in the 1980`s. Potential losses and recovery costs continue to rise because of rapid population growth, urban expansion, and increased new construction concentrated in high-risk areas. In the U.S., economic losses from 1989 to 1994 resulting from hurricanes and earthquakes exceeded more than $100 billion. With the exception of floods, severe windstorms annually cause more damage than earthquakes because they occur more frequently. On average, 350 lives are lost every year as a result of windstorms. Over the last decade, nearly 90% of the property losses have resulted from windstorms and about 4% from earthquakes. The unexpected vulnerability of many homes, the high number of pay-outs by insurance companies, and the resulting difficulties of getting affordable insurance coverage following Hurricane Andrew in Florida further emphasized the need for the United States …
Date:
February 1, 1998
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
DOE Fire Protection Handbook, Volume I
The Department of Energy (DOE) Fire Protection Program is delineated in a number of source documents including; the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), DOE Policy Statements and Orders, DOE and national consensus standards (such as those promulgated by the National Fire Protection Association), and supplementary guidance, This Handbook is intended to bring together in one location as much of this material as possible to facilitate understanding and ease of use. The applicability of any of these directives to individual Maintenance and Operating Contractors or to given facilities and operations is governed by existing contracts. Questions regarding applicability should be directed to the DOE Authority Having Jurisdiction for fire safety. The information provided within includes copies of those DOE directives that are directly applicable to the implementation of a comprehensive fire protection program. They are delineated in the Table of Contents. The items marked with an asterisk (*) are included on the disks in WordPerfect 5.1 format, with the filename noted below. The items marked with double asterisks are provided as hard copies as well as on the disk. For those using MAC disks, the files are in Wordperfect 2.1 for MAC.
Date:
August 1, 1996
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Division of Emergency Management Digest, Volume 37, Number 4, July-August 1991
Newsletter issued by the Texas Division of Emergency Management discussing news, events, statistics, and other relevant information related to the agency and preparedness in Texas.
Date:
1991-07/1991-08
Creator:
Texas. Division of Emergency Management.
Object Type:
Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Division of Emergency Management Digest, Volume 38, Number 2, June 1992
Newsletter issued by the Texas Division of Emergency Management discussing news, events, statistics, and other relevant information related to the agency and preparedness in Texas.
Date:
June 1992
Creator:
Texas. Division of Emergency Management.
Object Type:
Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
PHMC post-NPH emergency response training
This document describes post-Natural Phenomena Hazard (NPH) emergency response training that was provided to two teams of Project Hanford Management Contractors (PHMC) staff that will be used to assess potential structural damage that may occur as a result of a significant natural phenomena event. This training supports recent plans and procedures to use trained staff to inspect structures following an NPH event on the Hanford Site.
Date:
April 8, 1997
Creator:
Conrads, T. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Transportation News, Volume 19, Number 12, August 1994
Newsletter published by the Texas Department of Transportation for TxDOT employees including information about the organization, projects throughout the state, and other topics related to transportation in Texas.
Date:
August 1994
Creator:
Texas. Department of Transportation.
Object Type:
Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Floodplain Management Newsletter, Volume 12, Number 42, Winter 1994
Newsletter issued by the Texas Division of Emergency Management discussing news, events, statistics, and other relevant information related to flood preparedness in Texas.
Date:
Winter 1994
Creator:
Texas. Division of Emergency Management.
Object Type:
Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System:
The Portal to Texas History