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300 Area Treatability Test: Laboratory Development of Polyphosphate Remediation Technology for In Situ Treatment of Uranium Contamination in the Vadose Zone and Capillary Fringe (open access)

300 Area Treatability Test: Laboratory Development of Polyphosphate Remediation Technology for In Situ Treatment of Uranium Contamination in the Vadose Zone and Capillary Fringe

This report presents results from bench-scale treatability studies conducted under site-specific conditions to optimize the polyphosphate amendment for implementation of a field-scale technology demonstration to stabilize uranium within the 300 Area vadose and smear zones of the Hanford Site. The general treatability testing approach consisted of conducting studies with site sediment and under site conditions, to develop an effective chemical formulation and infiltration approach for the polyphosphate amendment under site conditions. Laboratory-scale dynamic column tests were used to 1) quantify the retardation of polyphosphate and its degradation products as a function of water content, 2) determine the rate of polyphosphate degradation under unsaturated conditions, 3) develop an understanding of the mechanism of autunite formation via the reaction of solid phase calcite-bound uranium and aqueous polyphosphate remediation technology, 4) develop an understanding of the transformation mechanism, the identity of secondary phases, and the kinetics of the reaction between uranyl-carbonate and -silicate minerals with the polyphosphate remedy under solubility-limiting conditions, and 5) quantify the extent and rate of uranium released and immobilized based on the infiltration rate of the polyphosphate remedy and the effect of and periodic wet-dry cycling on the efficacy of polyphosphate remediation for uranium in the vadose zone and …
Date: September 30, 2008
Creator: Wellman, Dawn M.; Pierce, Eric M.; Bacon, Diana H.; Oostrom, Martinus; Gunderson, Katie M.; Webb, Samuel M. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
2007 Site Environmental Report (open access)

2007 Site Environmental Report

Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) prepares an annual Site Environmental Report (SER) in accordance with DOE Order 231.1A, Environment, Safety and Health Reporting of the U.S. Department of Energy. The report is written to inform the public, regulators, employees, and other stakeholders of the Laboratory's environmental performance during the calendar year in review. Volume I of the SER summarizes environmental data; environmental management performance; compliance with applicable DOE, federal, state, and local regulations; and performance in restoration and surveillance monitoring programs. BNL has prepared annual SERs since 1971 and has documented nearly all of its environmental history since the Laboratory's inception in 1947. Volume II of the SER, the Groundwater Status Report, also is prepared annually to report on the status of and evaluate the performance of groundwater treatment systems at the Laboratory. Volume II includes detailed technical summaries of groundwater data and its interpretation, and is intended for internal BNL users, regulators, and other technically oriented stakeholders. A brief summary of the information contained in Volume II is included in this volume in Chapter 7, Groundwater Protection. Both reports are available in print and as downloadable files on the BNL web page at http://www.bnl.gov/ewms/ser/. An electronic version on compact disc …
Date: October 1, 2008
Creator: Ratel,K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The 2008 Farm Bill: Major Provisions and Legislative Action (open access)

The 2008 Farm Bill: Major Provisions and Legislative Action

The report discusses the 2008 farm bill (H.R. 2419), covering a wide range of programs including The Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, farm credit, agricultural conservation, research, rural development, and foreign and domestic food programs, among others.
Date: October 3, 2008
Creator: Johnson, Renée; Becker, Geoffrey S.; Capehart, Tom; Chite, Ralph M.; Cowan, Tadlock; Gorte, Ross W. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The 2008 Farm Bill: Major Provisions and Legislative Action (open access)

The 2008 Farm Bill: Major Provisions and Legislative Action

This report provides a summary of 2008 farm bill implementation, discusses provisions, and includes a farm bill debate timeline.
Date: November 6, 2008
Creator: Becker, Geoffrey S.; Capehart, Tom; Chite, Ralph M.; Cowan, Tadlock; Gorte, Ross W.; Hanrahan, Charles E. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Abilene City Ordinances: 2008] (open access)

[Abilene City Ordinances: 2008]

Ledger containing ordinances passed by the city of Abilene, Texas during calendar year 2008.
Date: 2008
Creator: Abilene (Tex.)
Object Type: Legal Document
System: The Portal to Texas History
Above- and below-ground biomass accumulation, production, and distribution of sweetgum and loblolly pine grown with irrigation and fertilization. (open access)

Above- and below-ground biomass accumulation, production, and distribution of sweetgum and loblolly pine grown with irrigation and fertilization.

Abstract: Increased forest productivity has been obtained by improving resource availability through water and nutrient amendments. However, more stress-tolerant species that have robust site requirements do not respond consistently to irrigation. An important factor contributing to robust site requirements may be the distribution of biomass belowground, yet available information is limited. We examined the accumulation and distribution of above- and below-ground biomass in sweetgum (Liqrridambar sfyrac$lua L.) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands receiving irrigation and fertilization. Mean annual aboveground production after 4 years ranged from 2.4 to 5.1 ~g.ha-'.year' for sweetgum and from 5.0 to 6.9 ~g.ha-l.year-l for pine. Sweetgum responded positively to irrigation and fertilization with an additive response to irrigation + fertilization. Pine only responded to fertilization. Sweetgum root mass fraction (RME)in creased with fertilization at 2 years and decreased with fertilization at 4 years. There were no detectable treatment differences in loblolly pine RMF. Development explained from 67% to 98% of variation in shoot versus root allometry for ephemeral and perennial tissues, fertilization explained no more than 5% of the variation in for either species, and irrigation did not explain any. We conclude that shifts in allocation from roots to shoots do not explain nutrient-induced …
Date: April 1, 2008
Creator: Coyle, David, R.; Coleman, Mark, D. & Aubrey, Doug, P.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Burner Test Reactor Preconceptual Design Report. (open access)

Advanced Burner Test Reactor Preconceptual Design Report.

The goals of the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP) are to expand the use of nuclear energy to meet increasing global energy demand, to address nuclear waste management concerns and to promote non-proliferation. Implementation of the GNEP requires development and demonstration of three major technologies: (1) Light water reactor (LWR) spent fuel separations technologies that will recover transuranics to be recycled for fuel but not separate plutonium from other transuranics, thereby providing proliferation-resistance; (2) Advanced Burner Reactors (ABRs) based on a fast spectrum that transmute the recycled transuranics to produce energy while also reducing the long term radiotoxicity and decay heat loading in the repository; and (3) Fast reactor fuel recycling technologies to recover and refabricate the transuranics for repeated recycling in the fast reactor system. The primary mission of the ABR Program is to demonstrate the transmutation of transuranics recovered from the LWR spent fuel, and hence the benefits of the fuel cycle closure to nuclear waste management. The transmutation, or burning of the transuranics is accomplished by fissioning and this is most effectively done in a fast spectrum. In the thermal spectrum of commercial LWRs, some transuranics capture neutrons and become even heavier transuranics rather than being fissioned. …
Date: December 16, 2008
Creator: Chang, Y. I.; Finck, P. J.; Grandy, C.; Cahalan, J.; Deitrich, L.; Dunn, F. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Fuel Cycle Cost Basis (open access)

Advanced Fuel Cycle Cost Basis

This report, commissioned by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), provides a comprehensive set of cost data supporting a cost analysis for the relative economic comparison of options for use in the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI) Program. The report describes the AFCI cost basis development process, reference information on AFCI cost modules, a procedure for estimating fuel cycle costs, economic evaluation guidelines, and a discussion on the integration of cost data into economic computer models. This report contains reference cost data for 25 cost modules—23 fuel cycle cost modules and 2 reactor modules. The cost modules were developed in the areas of natural uranium mining and milling, conversion, enrichment, depleted uranium disposition, fuel fabrication, interim spent fuel storage, reprocessing, waste conditioning, spent nuclear fuel (SNF) packaging, long-term monitored retrievable storage, near surface disposal of low-level waste (LLW), geologic repository and other disposal concepts, and transportation processes for nuclear fuel, LLW, SNF, transuranic, and high-level waste.
Date: March 1, 2008
Creator: Shropshire, D. E.; Williams, K. A.; Boore, W. B.; Smith, J. D.; Dixon, B. W.; Dunzik Gougar, M. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Mud System for Microhole Coiled Tubing Drilling (open access)

Advanced Mud System for Microhole Coiled Tubing Drilling

An advanced mud system was designed and key components were built that augment a coiled tubing drilling (CTD) rig that is designed specifically to drill microholes (less than 4-inch diameter) with advanced drilling techniques. The mud system was tailored to the hydraulics of the hole geometries and rig characteristics required for microholes and is capable of mixing and circulating mud and removing solids while being self contained and having zero discharge capability. Key components of this system are two modified triplex mud pumps (High Pressure Slurry Pumps) for advanced Abrasive Slurry Jetting (ASJ) and a modified Gas-Liquid-Solid (GLS) Separator for well control, flow return and initial processing. The system developed also includes an additional component of an advanced version of ASJ which allows cutting through most all materials encountered in oil and gas wells including steel, cement, and all rock types. It includes new fluids and new ASJ nozzles. The jetting mechanism does not require rotation of the bottom hole assembly or drill string, which is essential for use with Coiled Tubing (CT). It also has low reactive forces acting on the CT and generates cuttings small enough to be easily cleaned from the well bore, which is important in …
Date: December 1, 2008
Creator: Oglesby, Kenneth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Polymer Technology for Containing and Immobilizing Strontium-90 in the Subsurface - 8361 (open access)

Advanced Polymer Technology for Containing and Immobilizing Strontium-90 in the Subsurface - 8361

Many Department of Energy (DOE) sites, including Idaho and Hanford, have heavy metals and/or radionuclides (e.g. strontium-90) present that are strongly adsorbed in the vadose zone, but which nevertheless are propagating toward the water table. A key challenge for immobilization of these contaminants is bringing the chosen amendment or remediation technology into contact with the contaminated porous medium, while ensuring that contaminated water and colloids do not escape. This is particularly challenging when the subsurface geology is complex and highly heterogeneous, as is the case at many DOE sites. The Idaho National Laboratory (INL) in collaboration with the University of Texas at Austin (UT) has conducted research sponsored through the DOE Office of Environmental Management (EM) Advanced Remediation Technologies Phase I program that successfully demonstrated application of a novel, pH-triggered advanced polymer for creating a physical barrier that prevents heavy metals and radionuclides in vadose zone soil and soil-pore water from migrating to the groundwater. The focus of this paper is on the column and sandbox experiments conducted by researchers at the Idaho National Laboratory in support of the Phase I program objectives. Proof of these concepts provides a technology basis for confining or isolating a volume of contaminated groundwater, …
Date: February 1, 2008
Creator: Baker, K.; Heath, G.; Scott, C.; Schafer, A.; Bryant, S.; Sharma, M. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Africa: Atlas of Our Changing Environment (open access)

Africa: Atlas of Our Changing Environment

This comprehensive atlas provides data, satellite imagery, and analysis of the environmental conditions and issues relevant to each African country, and several surrounding island nations. The atlas also covers trans-border international issues in Africa.
Date: 2008
Creator: United Nations Environment Programme
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 132, No. 37, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 7, 2008 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 132, No. 37, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 7, 2008

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: February 7, 2008
Creator: Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 132, No. 38, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 14, 2008 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 132, No. 38, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 14, 2008

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: February 14, 2008
Creator: Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 132, No. 51, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 15, 2008 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 132, No. 51, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 15, 2008

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: May 15, 2008
Creator: Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 2, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 5, 2008 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 2, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 5, 2008

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: June 5, 2008
Creator: Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 16, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 11, 2008 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 16, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 11, 2008

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: September 11, 2008
Creator: Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 17, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 18, 2008 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 17, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 18, 2008

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: September 18, 2008
Creator: Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 21, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 16, 2008 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 21, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 16, 2008

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: October 16, 2008
Creator: Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 23, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 13, 2008 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 23, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 13, 2008

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: November 13, 2008
Creator: Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 23, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 30, 2008 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 23, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 30, 2008

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: October 30, 2008
Creator: Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 24, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 6, 2008 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 24, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 6, 2008

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: November 6, 2008
Creator: Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 28, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 4, 2008 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 28, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 4, 2008

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: December 4, 2008
Creator: Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 29, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 11, 2008 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 29, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 11, 2008

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: December 11, 2008
Creator: Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 30, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 18, 2008 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 30, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 18, 2008

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: December 18, 2008
Creator: Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History