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Geochemical Enhancement Of Enhanced Geothermal System Reservoirs: An Integrated Field And Geochemical Approach (open access)

Geochemical Enhancement Of Enhanced Geothermal System Reservoirs: An Integrated Field And Geochemical Approach

The geochemical effects of injecting fluids into geothermal reservoirs are poorly understood and may be significantly underestimated. Decreased performance of injection wells has been observed in several geothermal fields after only a few years of service, but the reasons for these declines has not been established. This study had three primary objectives: 1) determine the cause(s) of the loss of injectivity; 2) utilize these observations to constrain numerical models of water-rock interactions; and 3) develop injection strategies for mitigating and reversing the potential effects of these interactions. In this study rock samples from original and redrilled injection wells at Coso and the Salton Sea geothermal fields, CA, were used to characterize the mineral and geochemical changes that occurred as a result of injection. The study documented the presence of mineral scales and at both fields in the reservoir rocks adjacent to the injection wells. At the Salton Sea, the scales consist of alternating layers of fluorite and barite, accompanied by minor anhydrite, amorphous silica and copper arsenic sulfides. Amorphous silica and traces of calcite were deposited at Coso. The formation of silica scale at Coso provides an example of the effects of untreated (unacidified) injectate on the reservoir rocks. Scanning …
Date: December 31, 2007
Creator: Moore, Joseph N.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program Activities for FY 2007. (open access)

Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program Activities for FY 2007.

Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is a multidisciplinary laboratory that carries out basic and applied research in the physical, biomedical, and environmental sciences, and in selected energy technologies. It is managed by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC, (BSA) under contract with the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE). BNL's Fiscal year 2007 budget was $515 million. There are about 2,600 employees, and another 4,500 guest scientists and students who come each year to use the Laboratory's facilities and work with the staff. The BNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program reports its status to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) annually in March, as required by DOE Order 413.2B, 'Laboratory Directed Research and Development', April 19, 2006, and the Roles, Responsibilities, and Guidelines for Laboratory Directed Research and Development at the Department of Energy/National Nuclear Security Administration Laboratories dated June 13, 2006. In accordance this is our Annual Report in which we describe the Purpose, Approach, Technical Progress and Results, and Specific Accomplishments of all LDRD projects that received funding during Fiscal Year 2007. The goals and objectives of BNL's LDRD Program can be inferred from the Program's stated purposes. These are to (1) encourage and support the development of new …
Date: December 31, 2007
Creator: Newman, L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Long Term Field Development of a Surfactant Modified Zeolite/Vapor Phase Bioreactor System for Treatment of Produced Waters for Power Generation (open access)

Long Term Field Development of a Surfactant Modified Zeolite/Vapor Phase Bioreactor System for Treatment of Produced Waters for Power Generation

The main goal of this research was to investigate the feasibility of using a combined physicochemical/biological treatment system to remove the organic constituents present in saline produced water. In order to meet this objective, a physical/chemical adsorption process was developed and two separate biological treatment techniques were investigated. Two previous research projects focused on the development of the surfactant modified zeolite adsorption process (DE-AC26-99BC15221) and development of a vapor phase biofilter (VPB) to treat the regeneration off-gas from the surfactant modified zeolite (SMZ) adsorption system (DE-FC26-02NT15461). In this research, the SMZ/VPB was modified to more effectively attenuate peak loads and to maintain stable biodegradation of the BTEX constituents from the produced water. Specifically, a load equalization system was incorporated into the regeneration flow stream. In addition, a membrane bioreactor (MBR) system was tested for its ability to simultaneously remove the aromatic hydrocarbon and carboxylate components from produced water. The specific objectives related to these efforts included the following: (1) Optimize the performance VPBs treating the transient loading expected during SMZ regeneration: (a) Evaluate the impact of biofilter operating parameters on process performance under stable operating conditions. (b) Investigate how transient loads affect biofilter performance, and identify an appropriate technology to …
Date: December 31, 2007
Creator: Katz, Lynn; Kinney, Kerry; Bowman, Robert; Sullivan, Enid; Kwon, Soondong; Darby, Elaine et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Major Oil Plays In Utah And Vicinity (open access)

Major Oil Plays In Utah And Vicinity

Utah oil fields have produced over 1.33 billion barrels (211 million m{sup 3}) of oil and hold 256 million barrels (40.7 million m{sup 3}) of proved reserves. The 13.7 million barrels (2.2 million m3) of production in 2002 was the lowest level in over 40 years and continued the steady decline that began in the mid-1980s. However, in late 2005 oil production increased, due, in part, to the discovery of Covenant field in the central Utah Navajo Sandstone thrust belt ('Hingeline') play, and to increased development drilling in the central Uinta Basin, reversing the decline that began in the mid-1980s. The Utah Geological Survey believes providing play portfolios for the major oil-producing provinces (Paradox Basin, Uinta Basin, and thrust belt) in Utah and adjacent areas in Colorado and Wyoming can continue this new upward production trend. Oil plays are geographic areas with petroleum potential caused by favorable combinations of source rock, migration paths, reservoir rock characteristics, and other factors. The play portfolios include descriptions and maps of the major oil plays by reservoir; production and reservoir data; case-study field evaluations; locations of major oil pipelines; identification and discussion of land-use constraints; descriptions of reservoir outcrop analogs; and summaries of the …
Date: December 31, 2007
Creator: Chidsey, Thomas
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Uranium in the Near-shore Aquatic Food Chain: Studies on Periphyton and Asian Clams (open access)

Uranium in the Near-shore Aquatic Food Chain: Studies on Periphyton and Asian Clams

The benthic aquatic organisms in the near-shore environment of the Columbia River are the first biological receptors that can be exposed to groundwater contaminants coming from the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site. The primary contaminant of concern in the former nuclear fuels processing area at the Site, known as the 300 Area, is uranium. Currently, there are no national clean up criteria for uranium and ecological receptors. This report summarizes efforts to characterize biological uptake of uranium in the food chain of the benthic aquatic organisms and provide information to be used in future assessments of uranium and the ecosystem.
Date: December 31, 2007
Creator: Bunn, Amoret L.; Miley, Terri B.; Eslinger, Paul W.; Brandt, Charles A. & Napier, Bruce A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 109, No. 180, Ed. 1 Sunday, December 30, 2007 (open access)

The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 109, No. 180, Ed. 1 Sunday, December 30, 2007

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 30, 2007
Creator: Bush, Michael
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Bio-Engineering High Performance Microbial Strains for MEOR (open access)

Bio-Engineering High Performance Microbial Strains for MEOR

The main objectives of this three-year research project are: (1) to employ the latest advances in genetics and bioengineering, especially Directed Protein Evolution technology, to improve the effectiveness of the microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) process. (2) to improve the surfactant activity and the thermal stability of bio-surfactant systems for MEOR; and (3) to develop improved laboratory methods and tools that screen quickly candidate bio-systems for EOR. Biosurfactants have been receiving increasing attention as Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) agents because of their unique properties (i.e., mild production conditions, lower toxicity, and higher biodegradability) compared to their synthetic chemical counterparts. Rhamnolipid as a potent natural biosurfactant has a wide range of potential applications, including EOR and bioremediation. During the three-year of the project period, we have successfully cloned the genes involved in the rhamnolipid bio-synthesis. And by using the Transposon containing Rhamnosyltransferase gene rhlAB, we engineered the new mutant strains P. aeruginosa PEER02 and E. coli TnERAB so they can produce rhamnolipid biosurfactans. We were able to produce rhamnolipds in both P. aeroginosa PAO1-RhlA- strain and P. fluorescens ATCC15453 strain, with the increase of 55 to 175 fold in rhamnolipid production comparing with wild type bacteria strain. We have also completed …
Date: December 30, 2007
Creator: Fang, Xiangdong; Wang, Qinghong & Shuler, Patrick
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
State Support of Domestic Production (open access)

State Support of Domestic Production

This project was developed in response to a cooperative agreement offering by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) under the State Support of Domestic Production DE-FC26-04NT15456. The Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission (IOGCC) performed efforts in support of State programs related to the security, reliability and growth if our nation's domestic production of oil and natural gas. The project objectives were to improve the States ability to monitor the security of oil and gas operations; to maximize the production of domestic oil and natural gas thereby minimizing the threat to national security posed by interruptions in energy imports; to assist States in developing and maintaining high standards of environmental protection; to assist in addressing issues that limit the capacity of the industry; to promote the deployment of the appropriate application of technology for regulatory efficiency; and to inform the public about emerging energy issues.
Date: December 30, 2007
Creator: Wright, Amy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Dallas Voice (Dallas, Tex.), Vol. 24, No. 32, Ed. 1 Friday, December 28, 2007 (open access)

Dallas Voice (Dallas, Tex.), Vol. 24, No. 32, Ed. 1 Friday, December 28, 2007

Weekly newspaper from Dallas, Texas that includes local, state, and national news and advertising of interest to the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) community.
Date: December 28, 2007
Creator: Nash, Tammye
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The UNT Digital Library
Texas Register, Volume 32, Number 52, Pages 9879-10118, December 28, 2007 (open access)

Texas Register, Volume 32, Number 52, Pages 9879-10118, December 28, 2007

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.
Date: December 28, 2007
Creator: Texas. Secretary of State.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Dublin Citizen (Dublin, Tex.), Vol. 18, No. 17, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 27, 2007 (open access)

The Dublin Citizen (Dublin, Tex.), Vol. 18, No. 17, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 27, 2007

Weekly newspaper from Dublin, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 27, 2007
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Ecoregions of Texas (open access)

Ecoregions of Texas

A report on the the development of areas known as ecoregions in Texas with environmental information for each region.
Date: December 27, 2007
Creator: Griffiths, Glenn; Bryce, Sandy; Omernik, James & Rogers, Anne
Object Type: Report
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Greensheet (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 30, No. 46, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 27, 2007 (open access)

The Greensheet (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 30, No. 46, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 27, 2007

Free weekly newspaper that includes business and classified advertising.
Date: December 27, 2007
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Sapulpa Daily Herald (Sapulpa, Okla.), Vol. 93, No. 40, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 27, 2007 (open access)

Sapulpa Daily Herald (Sapulpa, Okla.), Vol. 93, No. 40, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 27, 2007

Daily newspaper from Sapulpa, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 27, 2007
Creator: Mattox, Jami
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Tulia Herald (Tulia, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 52, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 27, 2007 (open access)

The Tulia Herald (Tulia, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 52, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 27, 2007

Weekly newspaper from Tulia, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: December 27, 2007
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Yoakum Herald-Times (Yoakum, Tex.), Vol. 115, No. 52, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 27, 2007 (open access)

Yoakum Herald-Times (Yoakum, Tex.), Vol. 115, No. 52, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 27, 2007

Weekly newspaper from Yoakum, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 27, 2007
Creator: McCracken, Michael S.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Cherokeean Herald (Rusk, Tex.), Vol. 158, No. 44, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 26, 2007 (open access)

Cherokeean Herald (Rusk, Tex.), Vol. 158, No. 44, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 26, 2007

Weekly newspaper from Rusk, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: December 26, 2007
Creator: Whitehead, Marie
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Goldthwaite Eagle (Goldthwaite, Tex.), Vol. 114, No. 26, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 26, 2007 (open access)

The Goldthwaite Eagle (Goldthwaite, Tex.), Vol. 114, No. 26, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 26, 2007

Weekly newspaper from Goldthwaite, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: December 26, 2007
Creator: Bridges, Steven W.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Panola Watchman (Carthage, Tex.), Vol. 135, No. 90, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 26, 2007 (open access)

The Panola Watchman (Carthage, Tex.), Vol. 135, No. 90, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 26, 2007

Semiweekly newspaper from Carthage, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 26, 2007
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Express-Star (Chickasha, Okla.), Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 25, 2007 (open access)

The Express-Star (Chickasha, Okla.), Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 25, 2007

Daily newspaper from Chickasha, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 25, 2007
Creator: Wilson, Chris
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Panola Watchman (Carthage, Tex.), Vol. 135, No. 89, Ed. 1 Sunday, December 23, 2007 (open access)

The Panola Watchman (Carthage, Tex.), Vol. 135, No. 89, Ed. 1 Sunday, December 23, 2007

Semiweekly newspaper from Carthage, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 23, 2007
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Polk County Enterprise (Livingston, Tex.), Vol. 125, No. 100, Ed. 1 Sunday, December 23, 2007 (open access)

Polk County Enterprise (Livingston, Tex.), Vol. 125, No. 100, Ed. 1 Sunday, December 23, 2007

Semi-weekly newspaper from Livingston, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 23, 2007
Creator: Reddell, Valerie
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Comanche Chief (Comanche, Tex.), No. 35, Ed. 1 Saturday, December 22, 2007 (open access)

Comanche Chief (Comanche, Tex.), No. 35, Ed. 1 Saturday, December 22, 2007

Weekly newspaper from Comanche, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 22, 2007
Creator: Wilkerson, James C., III
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Llano News (Llano, Tex.), Vol. 120, No. 13, Ed. 1 Saturday, December 22, 2007 (open access)

The Llano News (Llano, Tex.), Vol. 120, No. 13, Ed. 1 Saturday, December 22, 2007

Weekly newspaper from Llano, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 22, 2007
Creator: Stephenson, Jimmy
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History