Scope: As defined by the subcontract, Bechtel's responsibility is to determine the engineering and economic feasibility and preliminary design of a combination power and desalting plant using a nuclear energy heat source, which plant shall be deemed suitable for operation by the District by the year 1970.

"This report presents the results of a study of the preliminary feasibility and economics of desalting brackish waters for municipal and industrial watter supply in candidate regions of West Texas" (p. ii).

Annual report discussing the activities and operation of the Senator Clair Engle Plant (CEP), a multi-effect multi-stage flash (MEMS) distillation plant for converting sea water, located in San Diego, California.

Report presenting a study to evaluate the saline ground-water resources of the Rio Grande drainage basin of Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas for the potential application as feed water for desalting plants.

From Introduction: "This report and the study which went into it form a part of the activities sponsored by the Office of Saline Water, U.S. Department of the Interior, in their accelerated program to develop large plants for the economical desalting of seawater."

From Summary: "This study has shown that waste heat sources are available at locations where salt or brackish water could be converted into fresh water by the utilization of waste heat."

Report investing the "effects of contaminated raw water supplies on conversion processes," and studying "potential technical and economic advantages of combination saline water and sewage effluent conversion plants" (p. 1).

From Introduction and Summary and Conclusions: "The disposal of the effluents from large desalination plants has been studied for two years by the Dow Chemical Company and Texas A. & M. University under contract to the Office of Saline Water. Recommendations are presented on the type, frequency, and intensity of pre-plant oceanographic and biological surveys and of post-plant monitoring and verification surveys."

From Introduction: "This report includes the sixth segment of a continuing effort begun early in 1963. Purpose of the work is the scale-up of reverse osmosis from a laboratory curiosity to an economical system for the production of potable water from salty feeds."

Report describing the application of conventional cost experience to physical features of source of supply, treatment, pumping, transmission, distribution, and storage for community water supply sources. Some costs due to readily removable water quality characteristics like suspended solids, color, taste, and order are measurable, as are other conventional costs of operation and maintenance. Other costs related to an excess of dissolved solids, however, tend to be unknown and are the subject of this study.

Report containing a design study of a 250 million gallons per day desalination plant. Contains a description of the desalination process, information regarding the design's efficiency, estimated capital and production costs

Report investigating concrete for use in a sea water desalination plant. Concretes containing both natural and limestone aggregates were tested under the temperature, pressure, salinity, and structural stress conditions that could be expected in such a plant.

From Forward: "This report presents the results of a study of the potential contribution of desalting to future water supply in the State of Texas."

Report that includes results and methodology from an engineering study regarding drought in Northern New Jersey and New York City. Topics include the area's water systems, the possible integration of desalting plants, and the potential costs of such plants.

From Introduction: "The first demonstration plant sponsored by the Office of Saline Water was located in Freeport, Texas, and came 'on stream" in 1961. The incoming sea water was deaerated since both Speller (6) and Uhlig (7) recognized that dissolved oxygen was usually the controlling factor in the corrosion of iron stream condensate at temperatures even as high 400 degrees F. The water was acidified prior to daeration with H2SO4 to decompose the carbonates which subsequently would cause scale when the water was heated. After the carbonates were removed, the pH was raised to the neutral point, again to provide a less corrosive environment."

Report containing the results of a study of the costs of a large-scale desalting system that served an inter-municipal area in the Lower Rio Grande Valley in Texas.

Report issued by the Office of Saline Water over studies conducted on the desulfating process at desalination plants. As stated in the introduction, "the explicit purpose of this study is to determine whether or not application of the feed-water desulfating process to the feed to a desalting plant will reduce the overall cost of desalted water" (p. 1). This report includes tables, and illustrations.

From Introduction: "This report covers the operation at Webster, South Dakota of an Aerojet Model 1-56OB-2 reverse osmosis (RO) unit purchased by the office of Saline Water (OSW) from Aerojet-General Corporation under Contract 14-0100001-1112."

Report studying the use of desalinated water for irrigation at three locations in Arizona and California. Costs and benefits are measured among several different areas, including multiple concentrations of desalinated water, different desalting methods, and the desalting process.

From Abstract: "The Vacuum-Freezing Vapor-Compression Process (VFVC) was evaluated during the period from February, 1965, through March, 1967, by Colt Industries Inc. under O.S.W. Contract No. 14-01-0001-532." From Process Description: "The primary principles involved for converting of sea and brackish water to fresh water in the VFVC Process are rather well known in physical chemistry and are summarized below. The principles discussed above, applied to a practical VFVC desalting system, are illustrated in the schematic flow diagram, Figure 3. This simplified diagram shows both the essential components of the process and the flow paths of the various fluids in the system. A typical mass and heat balance is shown in Figure 4."

Report that "presents the results of an engineering study of the design and economics of a single purpose gas tubine powered vapor compression cycle seawater desalting plant." (p. 1)

From Introduction: "This report contains the results of a research study on the "Value of Desalted Water for Irrigation" undertaken in January 1967 by the Bureau of Reclamation and the Saline Water, United Sates Department of the Interior. The objectives of the study were: a. To determine, through application of desalting techniques, the costs and benefits associated with the progressive decreases in the salinity of irrigation water supplies. b. To identify the possible means of introducing desalted water into irrigation supply systems. To relate current desalting technology to potential applications in agriculture."

Report containing lists of communities within the United States that have a population over 1,000 and that have water supplies that contain total dissolved solids over 1,000 parts per million. These are listed separately by state and resource region.

Report documenting a the economic feasibility of using crystallization/evaporation and fluidized-bed granulation in the treatment of brine effluents.