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Preliminary technical and legal evaluation of disposing of nonhazardous oil field waste into salt caverns
Caverns can be readily formed in salt formations through solution mining. The caverns may be formed incidentally, as a result of salt recovery, or intentionally to create an underground chamber that can be used for storing hydrocarbon products or compressed air or disposing of wastes. The purpose of this report is to evaluate the feasibility, suitability, and legality of disposing of nonhazardous oil and gas exploration, development, and production wastes (hereafter referred to as oil field wastes, unless otherwise noted) in salt caverns. Chapter 2 provides background information on: types and locations of US subsurface salt deposits; basic solution mining techniques used to create caverns; and ways in which salt caverns are used. Later chapters provide discussion of: federal and state regulatory requirements concerning disposal of oil field waste, including which wastes are considered eligible for cavern disposal; waste streams that are considered to be oil field waste; and an evaluation of technical issues concerning the suitability of using salt caverns for disposing of oil field waste. Separate chapters present: types of oil field wastes suitable for cavern disposal; cavern design and location; disposal operations; and closure and remediation. This report does not suggest specific numerical limits for such factors …
Date:
June 1, 1996
Creator:
Veil, J.; Elcock, D.; Raivel, M.; Caudle, D.; Ayers, R.C. Jr. & Grunewald, B.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Interpretation of drill cuttings from geothermal wells
Problems in interpreting drill cuttings, as opposed to drill cores, and methods to solve these problems are outlined. The following are covered: identification of lithology; recognition of faults and fractures; interpretation of hydrothermal alteration; geochemistry; sample collection; sample preparple examination; and sample storage. (MHR)
Date:
June 1, 1981
Creator:
Hulen, J. B. & Sibbett, B. S.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Disposal of Power Reactor Waste Into Deep Wells
Disposal of wastes from the processing of solid fuel elements and from solid blanket elements is discussed. The subjects considered include extraction of uranium by several methods, the removal of element jackets, the treatment of uraxium -zirconium fuel elements, disposal into deep wells, the hydraulics of wells, thermal considerations of disposal aquifers regional hydrology, potential deep-well disposal areas in the U. S., aud the cost of disposal. (J.R.D.)
Date:
June 13, 1957
Creator:
de Laguna, W. & Blomeke, J. O.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Federal Royalty and Tax Treatment of the Hardrock Mineral Industry: An Economic Analysis
This report analyzes the economic issues underlying proposals to impose a royalty on hardrock (locatable) minerals on public domain lands. It also discusses the federal tax treatment of the hardrock mineral industry.
Date:
June 13, 2008
Creator:
Lazzari, Slavatore
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Summary of wells validated during fiscal years 1991 to 1992
The Well Validation Project was initiated in fiscal year 1990, with the intended purpose to evaluate wells on the Nevada Test Site. During fiscal years 1991 and 1992, a temperature/electrical conductivity logging tool was redesigned and a thermal-pulse flowmeter logging tool was developed. Seven wells were evaluated during this time period: USGS HTH {number_sign}1, UE-18r, UE-14b, HTH {open_quotes}E{close_quotes}, USGS Test Well B Ex., UE-1q, and UE-5n. The validation techniques used at each site varied depending on the site-specific objectives. Thermal-pulse flowmeter surveys were carried out in several of the wells with limited success. The thermal-pulse flowmeter was designed for boreholes 2 to 6 inches in diameter, most wells at the Nevada Test Site are generally much larger in diameter, 10 to 24 inches. Therefore, the thermal-pulse flowmeter was outfitted with an inflatable rubber packer, which constricts borehole flow through the thermal-pulse flowmeter, increasing the resolution. The thermal-pulse flowmeter can be outfitted with various-sized packers depending on the borehole diameter to be evaluated; these packers are commercially available. The packers are inflated with borehole fluid via a small submersible pump which was designed, built, and tested as part of this study.
Date:
June 1, 1993
Creator:
Lyles, B. F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Geochemistry of summit fumarole vapors and flanking thermal/mineral waters at Popocatepetl Volcano, Mexico
Popocatepetl Volcano is potentially devastating to populations living in the greater Mexico City area. Systematic monitoring of fumarole gases and flanking thermal/mineral springs began in early 1994 after increased fumarolic and seismic activity were noticed in 1991. These investigations had two major objectives: (1) to determine if changes in magmatic conditions beneath Popocatepetl might be reflected by chemical changes in fumarolic discharges and (2) to determine if thermal/mineral spring waters in the vicinity of Popocatepetl are geochemically related to or influences by the magmatic system. This report summarizes results from these two discrete studies.
Date:
June 1, 1997
Creator:
Werner, C.; Goff, F. & Janik, C.J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
USE OF SLIMHOLE DRILLING TO REDUCE WELL COSTS 30-50%: ARNIM PROSPECT
This report highlights the drilling of two shallow oil wells in Fayette County, Texas. The operator of these two wells was Stanton Mineral Development, Inc. The aim of this project was to successfully complete the two (2) wells, emphasizing tight oversight of the technological aspects, neglect of which are the primary causes of failure in this mature producing region as well as unnecessarily expensive wells. Discussions contained here within are not limited to just the execution of the project itself, but a historical and technical analysis which forms a basis for the decisions made both during drilling and completion. Additionally, there is substantial dialogue covering the financial benefits associated with the findings of this project.
Date:
June 13, 2002
Creator:
McDonald, WM. Stanton & Long, Christopher M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nevada: basic data for thermal springs and wells as recorded in GEOTHERM. Part A
All chemical data for geothermal fluids in Nevada available as of December 1981 are maintained on GEOTHERM, a computerized information system. This report presents summaries and sources of records for Nevada. 7 refs. (ACR)
Date:
June 1, 1983
Creator:
Bliss, J. D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Mines and Mineral Deposits (Except Fuels) Judith Basin County, Montana
Report issued by the U.S. Bureau of Mines discussing the mining procedures and minerals of Judith Basin County, Montana. History, geology, and mineral production of the Judith Basin County mines are presented. This report includes tables, illustrations, and maps.
Date:
June 1951
Creator:
Robertson, Almon F. & Roby, Robert N.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Geochemical study of evaporite and clay mineral-oxyhydroxide samples from the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant site
Samples of clay minerals, insoluble oxyhydroxides, and their host evaporites from the WIPP site have been studied for their major and minor elements abundances, x-ray diffraction characteristics, K-Ar ages, and Rb-Sr ages. This study was undertaken to determine their overall geochemical characteristics and to investigate possible interactions between evaporates and insoluble constituents. The evaporite host material is water-soluble, having Cl/Br ratios typical of marine evaporites, although the Br content is low. Insoluble material (usually a mixture of clay minerals and oxyhydroxide phases) yields very high Cl/Br ratios, possibly because of Cl from admixed halide minerals. This same material yields K/Rb and Th/U ratios in the normal range for shales; suggesting little, if any, effect of evaporite-induced remobilization of U, K, or Rb in the insoluble material. The rare-earth element (REE) data also show normal REE/chondrite (REE/CHON) distribution patterns, supporting the K/Rb and Th/U data. Clay minerals yield K-Ar dates in the range 365 to 390 Ma and a Rb-Sr isochron age of 428 {+-} 7 Ma. These ages are well in excess of the 220- to 230-Ma formational age of the evaporites, and confirm the detrital origin of the clays. The ages also show that any evaporite or clay mineral …
Date:
June 1, 1993
Creator:
Brookins, D. G.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Establishment of an Industry-Driven Consortium Focused on Improving the Production Performance of Domestic Stripper Wells
None
Date:
June 30, 2005
Creator:
Morrison, Joel L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Central and eastern United States: basic data for thermal springs and wells as recorded in GEOTHERM
The GEOTHERM sample file contains 119 records for the central and eastern United States. The records contain data on location, sample description, analysis type, collection condition, flow rates, and the chemical and physical properties of the fluid. Stable and radioisotopic data are occasionally available. 7 refs. (ACR)
Date:
June 1, 1983
Creator:
Bliss, J. D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Deep Injection Wells: EPA Needs to Involve Communities Earlier and Ensure That Financial Assurance Requirements Are Adequate
A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Billions of gallons of hazardous liquid waste are injected into underground wells each year. These Class I hazardous deep injection wells are designed to inject waste into an area below the lowermost underground source of drinking water. EPA and the states grant permits to commercial operators to construct and operate these wells and must obtain public comments on the permits. Communities often raise concerns about well safety and other matters. GAO examined the extent to which EPA and the states (1) address these community concerns, (2) consider environmental justice issues, and (3) ensure that financial assurances adequately protect the taxpayer if bankruptcy occurs. GAO, among other things, examined the permit process in the four states that have commercial Class I wells."
Date:
June 13, 2003
Creator:
United States. General Accounting Office.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Preliminary study of discharge characteristics of slim holes compared to production wells in liquid-dominated geothermal reservoirs
There is current interest in using slim holes for geothermal exploration and reservoir assessment. A major question that must be addressed is whether results from flow or injection testing of slim holes can be scaled to predict large diameter production well performance. This brief report describes a preliminary examination of this question from a purely theoretical point of view. The WELBOR computer program was used to perform a series of calculations of the steady flow of fluid up geothermal boreholes of various diameters at various discharge rates. Starting with prescribed bottomhole conditions (pressure, enthalpy), the WELBOR code integrates the equations expressing conservation of mass, momentum and energy (together with fluid constitutive properties obtained from the steam tables) upwards towards the wellhead using numerical techniques. This results in computed profiles of conditions (pressure, temperature, steam volume fraction, etc.) as functions of depth within the flowing well, and also in a forecast of wellhead conditions (pressure, temperature, enthalpy, etc.). From these results, scaling rules are developed and discussed.
Date:
June 1, 1993
Creator:
Pritchett, J. W.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
TREATMENT OF HYDROCARBON, ORGANIC RESIDUE AND PRODUCTION CHEMICAL DAMAGE MECHANISMS THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN NATURAL GAS STORAGE WELLS
Two gas storage fields were studied for this project. Overisel field, operated by Consumer's Energy, is located near the town of Holland, Michigan. Huntsman Storage Unit, operated by Kinder Morgan, is located in Cheyenne County, Nebraska near the town of Sidney. Wells in both fields experienced declining performance over several years of their annual injection/production cycle. In both fields, the presence of hydrocarbons, organic materials or production chemicals was suspected as the cause of progressive formation damage leading to the performance decline. Core specimens and several material samples were collected from these two natural gas storage reservoirs. Laboratory studies were performed to characterize the samples that were believed to be representative of a reservoir damage mechanism previously identified as arising from the presence of hydrocarbons, organic residues or production chemicals. A series of laboratory experiments were performed to identify the sample materials, use these materials to damage the flow capacity of the core specimens and then attempt to remove or reduce the induced damage using either carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and other chemicals. Results of the experiments showed that pure carbon dioxide was effective in restoring flow capacity to the core specimens in several different settings. …
Date:
June 30, 2004
Creator:
Pekot, Lawrence J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Production of geothermal fluids by the natural flashing process. Design and analysis of geothermal wells in two-phase flow. First annual report
The two-phase flow system is analyzed as it develops and changes in the well. The product of the study will be a calculational technique to allow the design of geothermal wells in two-phase flow. The overall approach to the project is summarized, and the nature of the two-phase flow problem is discussed. The various elements of the program are presented. (MHR)
Date:
June 18, 1976
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Water-Level Data from Observation Wells in the Northern Panhandle of Texas, 1972-78
This report reflects the historical period of water-level observation in this area through early 1978.
Date:
June 1980
Creator:
Taylor, Howard D.
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Current and Projected Water Use in the Texas Mining and Oil and Gas Industry
This report "documents results for the four tasks described in the scope of work Contract #904830939: 1) identify major mining operations and analyze water-use patterns, 2) estimate current water use withdrawal and consumption, 3) develop long term water-demand projections at the county level, and 4)report the findings of the study and prepare an electronic database....The report is divided into several sections. In each of them, we successively address oil and gas, coal, aggregates, and other mineral substances." (p. 9).
Date:
June 2011
Creator:
Nicot, Jean-Philippe
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Mineral surface processes responsible for the decreased retardation (or enhanced mobilization) of {sup 137}Cs from HLW tank discharges. 1998 annual progress report
'Cesium (137) is a major component of high level weapons waste. At Hanford, single shell tanks (SST''s) with high level wastes (HLW) have leaked supernate containing over 10{sup 6} Ci of 137 Cs and other co-contaminants into the vadose zone. In select locations, 137 Cs has migrated further than expected from retardation experiments and performance assessment calculations. Deep 137 Cs migration has been observed beneath the SX tank farm at Hanford with REDOX wastes as the carrier causing regulatory and stakeholder concern. The causes for expedited migration are unclear. This research is investigating how the sorption chemistry of Cs on Hanford vadose zone sediments changes after contact with solutions characteristic of HLW. The central scientific hypothesis is that the high Na concentration of HLW will suppress surface-exchange reactions of Cs, except those to highly-selective frayed edge sites (FES) of the micaceous fraction. The authors further speculate that the concentrations, ion selectivity, and structural aspects of the FES will change after contact with HLW and that these changes will be manifest in the macroscopic sorption behavior of Cs. The authors believe that migration predictions of Cs can be improved substantially if such changes are understood and quantified. The research has three …
Date:
June 1, 1998
Creator:
Zachara, J. M.; Ellis, P. D.; Serne, R. J. & Bertsch, P. M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Vale exploratory slimhole: Drilling and testing
During April-May, 1995, Sandia National Laboratories, in cooperation with Trans-Pacific Geothermal Corporation, drilled a 5825{prime} exploratory slimhole (3.85 in. diameter) in the Vale Known Geothermal Resource Area (KGRA) near Vale, Oregon. This well was part of Sandia`s program to evaluate slimholes as a geothermal exploration tool. During drilling we performed several temperature logs, and after drilling was complete we performed injection tests, bailing from a zone isolated by a packer, and repeated temperature logs. In addition to these measurements, the well`s data set includes: 2714{prime} of continuous core (with detailed log); daily drilling reports from Sandia and from drilling contractor personnel; daily drilling fluid records; numerous temperature logs; pressure shut-in data from injection tests; and comparative data from other wells drilled in the Vale KGRA. This report contains: (1) a narrative account of the drilling and testing, (2) a description of equipment used, (3) a brief geologic description of the formation drilled, (4) a summary and preliminary interpretation of the data, and (5) recommendations for future work.
Date:
June 1, 1996
Creator:
Finger, J. T.; Jacobson, R. D. & Hickox, C. E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Closure Report for Corrective Action Unit 322: Areas 1 and 3 Release Sites and Injection Wells, Nevada Test Site, Nevada
The purpose of this closure report is to document that the closure of CAU 322 complied with the Nevada Department of Environmental Protection-approved Corrective Action Plan closure requirements. The closure activities specified in the Corrective Action Plan were based on the approved corrective action alternatives presented in the CAU 322 Corrective Action Decision Document.
Date:
June 1, 2006
Creator:
U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office & Nevada, Bechtel
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Property description and fact-finding report for NPR-2, Buena Vista Hills Field, Kern County, California
The US Department of Energy has asked Gustavson Associates, Inc. to serve as an Independent Petroleum Consultant under contract DE-AC01-96FE64202. This authorizes a study and recommendations regarding future development of Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 2 (NPR-2) in Kern County, California. The report that follows is the Phase 1 fact-finding and property description for that study. The United States of America owns 100 percent of the mineral rights and 96.1 percent of surface rights in 10,447 acres of the 30,182 acres contained within NPR-2. This property comprises the Buena Vista Hills Oil Field. Oil and gas companies have leased out 9,227 acres in 17 separate leases. Discovered in 1909, this field has approximately 435 active wells producing 2,819 gross barrels of oil and 8.6 million cubic feet of gas per day. Net production to the Government royalty interests include 200 barrels of oil per day and 750 thousand cubic feet of gas per day. Royalty revenues are about $1.7 million per year. Remaining recoverable reserves are approximately 407 thousand barrels of oil and 1.8 billion cubic feet of gas. Significant plugging and abandonment (P&A) and environmental liabilities are present, but these should be the responsibility of the lessees. Ultimate liability still …
Date:
June 1, 1996
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The hydrophobic character of nonsulfide mineral surfaces as influenced by double-bond reactions of adsorbed unsaturated collector species. Progress report, 15 December 1992--14 December 1995
Goal is to provide a basis for improved flotation separation efficiency in nonsulfide minerals by establishing the collector (surfactant) adsorption reactions and developing appropriate surface chemistry control strategies. In-situ measurements of surfactant adsorption were made for selected nonsulfide mineral systems using FT-IR/IRS with reactive internal reflection elements. The IRS adsorption density equation was developed to measure the surfactant adsorption, and its validity was confirmed using transferred Langmuir-Blodgett films. Order and organization of adsorbed surfactants were established from linear dichroism spectroscopy. Hydrophobicity and stability of adsorbed surfactants at mineral surfaces can now be explained. The surface charge/collector colloid adsorption mechanism was used to explain the anomalous behavior of KCl and flotation of double salts (schoenite, kainite, borax, etc.) from saturated brines. Adsorbing surfactnat colloids at salt surfaces in brines were studied by photon correlation spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Studies are being initiated of the interparticle forces in soluble salt flotation and of interfacial water near hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces.
Date:
June 1, 1995
Creator:
Miller, J. D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design and Implementation of a CO2 Flood Utilizing Advanced Reservoir Characterization and Horizontal Injection Wells in a Shallow Shelf Carbonate Approaching Waterflood Depletion
None
Date:
June 30, 1996
Creator:
Don R, Wier; Chimahusky, John S.; Czirr, Kirk L.; Hallenbeck, Larry; Gerard, Matthew G.; Dollens, Kim B. et al.
System:
The UNT Digital Library