Economic analysis of vertical wells for coalbed methane recovery (open access)

Economic analysis of vertical wells for coalbed methane recovery

Previous economic studies of the recovery and utilization of methane from coalbeds using vertical wells were based on drainage in advance of mining where a single seam is drained with well spacing designed for rapid predrainage. This study extends the earlier work and shows that methane recovery costs can be reduced significantly by increasing well spacing and draining multiple coalbeds. A favorable return on investment can be realized in many geologic settings using this method. Sensitivity of recovery economics to certain development costs and parametric variations are also examined as are the economics of three methane utilization options.
Date: April 1, 1981
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 92, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 7, 1988 (open access)

The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 92, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 7, 1988

Weekly newspaper from Alto, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: April 7, 1988
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 92, No. 49, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 14, 1988 (open access)

The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 92, No. 49, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 14, 1988

Weekly newspaper from Alto, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: April 14, 1988
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 86, No. 50, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 22, 1982 (open access)

The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 86, No. 50, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 22, 1982

Weekly newspaper from Alto, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: April 22, 1982
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 4, 1985 (open access)

The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 4, 1985

Weekly newspaper from Alto, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: April 4, 1985
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 92, No. 50, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 21, 1988 (open access)

The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 92, No. 50, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 21, 1988

Weekly newspaper from Alto, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: April 21, 1988
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 90, No. 49, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 17, 1986 (open access)

The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 90, No. 49, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 17, 1986

Weekly newspaper from Alto, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: April 17, 1986
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 90, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 10, 1986 (open access)

The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 90, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 10, 1986

Weekly newspaper from Alto, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: April 10, 1986
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 91, No. 49, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 16, 1987 (open access)

The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 91, No. 49, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 16, 1987

Weekly newspaper from Alto, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: April 16, 1987
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 90, No. 47, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 3, 1986 (open access)

The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 90, No. 47, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 3, 1986

Weekly newspaper from Alto, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: April 3, 1986
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 90, No. 50, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 24, 1986 (open access)

The Alto Herald and The Wells News 'N Views (Alto, Tex.), Vol. 90, No. 50, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 24, 1986

Weekly newspaper from Alto, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: April 24, 1986
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Utilization of geothermal energy-feasibility study, Ojo Caliente Mineral Springs Company, Ojo Caliente, New Mexico (open access)

Utilization of geothermal energy-feasibility study, Ojo Caliente Mineral Springs Company, Ojo Caliente, New Mexico

This report investigates the feasibility of a geothermal heating system at the Ojo Caliente Mineral Springs Co. The geothermal energy will be used to preheat hot water for the laundry facilities and to heat the water for a two-pipe fan coil heating system in the hotel. Present annual heating fuel costs of $11,218 for propane will be replaced by electricity to operate fans and pump at an annual cost of $2547, resulting in a net savings of $8671. Installation costs include $10,100 for a well system, $1400 for a laundry system, and $41,100 for a heating system. With the addition of a 10% design fee the total installation cost is $57,860. Ignoring escalating propane fuel prices, tax credits for energy conservation equipment, and potential funding from the State of New Mexico for a geothermal demonstration project, the simple economic payback period for this project is 6.7 years.
Date: April 1, 1982
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Weeks Island S sand reservoir B gravity stable miscible CO/sub 2/ displacement, Iberia Parish, Louisiana. Fourth annual report, June 1980-June 1981 (open access)

Weeks Island S sand reservoir B gravity stable miscible CO/sub 2/ displacement, Iberia Parish, Louisiana. Fourth annual report, June 1980-June 1981

Shell, in conjunction with the United States of America Department of Energy, is conducting a gravity stable displacement field test of the miscible CO/sub 2/ process. The test is being conducted in the portion of a fault sealed reservoir lying below a subsea depth of -12,750 feet. Injection of the CO/sub 2/ slug at the producing gas-oil contact commenced in October 1978. Injection of the 860 MM cubic foot slug was completed in February of 1980. The slug of CO/sub 2/ was moved downward through the watered out sand by production of downdip water. The leading edge of the displacement has reached the producing perforations and production of the oil column commenced on January 26, 1981. Conventional cores and the log-inject-log technique were used to determine residual oil saturation in a well drilled as the pilot producer. Pulsed neutron logging devices have been used to detect the CO/sub 2/ slug and monitor its subsequent movements in the vicinity of the production well. The monitor logs indicate the thickness of the oil column had increased during the displacement to the production perforations located 130 feet below the level of CO/sub 2/ injection. The 23 foot oil column remaining at initiation of …
Date: April 1, 1982
Creator: Perry, G.E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Internal Technical Report, 1981 Annual Report, An Analysis of the Response of the Raft River Geothermal Site Monitor Wells (open access)

Internal Technical Report, 1981 Annual Report, An Analysis of the Response of the Raft River Geothermal Site Monitor Wells

A groundwater monitoring program has been established on the Raft River Geothermal Site since 1978. The objective of this program is to document possible impacts that may be caused by geothermal production and injection on the shallow aquifers used for culinary and irrigation purposes. This annual progress report summarizes data from 12 monitor wells during 1981. These data are compared with long-term trends and are correlated with seasonal patterns, irrigation water use and geothermal production and testing. These results provide a basis for predicting long-term impacts of sustained geothermal production and testing. To date, there has been no effect on the water quality of the shallow aquifers.
Date: April 1, 1982
Creator: Thurow, T. L.; Large, R. M.; Allman, D. W.; Tullis, J. A. & Skiba, P. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Demonstration projects for coalbed methane and Devonian shale gas: Final report. [None] (open access)

Demonstration projects for coalbed methane and Devonian shale gas: Final report. [None]

In 1979, the US Department of Energy provided the American Public Gas Association (APGA) with a grant to demonstrate the feasibility of bringing unconventional gas such as methane produced from coalbeds or Devonian Shale directly into publicly owned utility system distribution lines. In conjunction with this grant, a seven-year program was initiated where a total of sixteen wells were drilled for the purpose of providing this untapped resource to communities who distribute natural gas. While coalbed degasification ahead of coal mining was already a reality in several parts of the country, the APGA demonstration program was aimed at actual consumer use of the gas. Emphasis was therefore placed on degasification of coals with high methane gas content and on utilization of conventional oil field techniques. 13 figs.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Verrips, A.M. & Gustavson, J.B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hydrothermal Injection Program: Raft River (KGRA) Idaho, 1982 test data index (open access)

Hydrothermal Injection Program: Raft River (KGRA) Idaho, 1982 test data index

Presented is an index for the Hydrothermal Injection Program test data collected over a three-month testing and monitoring period, starting September 1, 1982 at the Raft River Geothermal Site located in Southern Idaho. The test program consisted of injecting tracer solutions into a geothermal well, and the withdrawing the fluid from the same well, either immediately, or after a quiescent period. These data, stored on tape at the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), US Department of Commerce, Springfield, Virginia, consist of concentrations of injected tracer solutions, natural water chemistry, wellhead temperature, pressure and flow, downhole temperature and conductivity, caliper and spinner data along with wellhead pressure responses of the monitoring wells. The stored data have been screened to ensure that they are reasonable and internally consistent.
Date: April 1, 1985
Creator: Freiburger, R. M.; Hull, L. C. & Clemo, T. M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Geothermal investigation of spring and well waters of the Los Alamos Region, New Mexico (open access)

Geothermal investigation of spring and well waters of the Los Alamos Region, New Mexico

The chemical and isotopic characters of 20 springs and wells in the Los Alamos area were investigated for indications of geothermal potential. These waters were compared with known hot and mineral springs from adjacent Valles Caldera and San Ysidro. All waters in the Los Alamos area are composed of meteoric water. Isotopic data show that the two primary aquifers beneath the Los Alamos region have different recharge areas. Relatively high concentrations of lithium, arsenic, chlorine, boron, and fluorine in some of the Los Alamos wells suggest these waters may contain a small fraction of thermal/mineral water of deep origin. Thermal water probably rises up high-angle faults associated with a graben of the Rio Grande rift now buried by the Pajarito Plateau.
Date: April 1, 1980
Creator: Goff, F.E. & Sayer, S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Design of the Glenwood Springs downhole heat exchanger (open access)

Design of the Glenwood Springs downhole heat exchanger

A heat exchanger has been designed to obtain 250,000 Btu/hr from a 20-in.-diameter geothermal well at various brine temperatures. The system consists of a 10-in.-diameter plastic pipe to promote convective flow in the well and a 4-in.-diameter, Schedule 40 steel U-tube containing distilled water to extract the energy. Subject to the validity of the major assumptions, the required lengths of one leg of the U-tube at various brine temperatures are 34 ft (150/sup 0/F), 42 ft (140/sup 0/F), 54 ft (130/sup 0/F), and 75 ft (120/sup 0/F) for a mean working fluid temperature of 90/sup 0/F.
Date: April 1, 1982
Creator: Chiu, P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Resource assessment for geothermal direct use applications (open access)

Resource assessment for geothermal direct use applications

This report discusses the topic geothermal resource assessment and its importance to laymen and investors for finding geothermal resources for direct-use applications. These are applications where the heat from lower-temperature geothermal fluids, 120 to 200/sup 0/F, are used directly rather than for generating electricity. The temperatures required for various applications are listed and the various types of geothermal resources are described. Sources of existing resource data are indicated, and the types and suitability of tests to develop more data are described. Potential development problems are indicated and guidance is given on how to decrease technical and financial risk and how to use technical consultants effectively. The objectives of this report are to provide: (1) an introduction low-temperature geothermal resource assessment; (2) experience from a series of recent direct-use projects; and (3) references to additional information.
Date: April 1, 1984
Creator: Beer, C.; Hederman Jr., W. F.; Dolenc, M. R. & Allman, D. W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Well test analysis in fractured media (open access)

Well test analysis in fractured media

The behavior of fracture systems under well test conditions and methods for analyzing well test data from fractured media are investigated. Several analytical models are developed to be used for analyzing well test data from fractured media. Numerical tools that may be used to simulate fluid flow in fractured media are also presented. Three types of composite models for constant flux tests are investigated. These models are based on the assumption that a fracture system under well test conditions may be represented by two concentric regions, one representing a small number of fractures that dominates flow near the well, and the other representing average conditions farther away from the well. Type curves are presented that can be used to find the flow parameters of these two regions and the extent of the inner concentric region. Several slug test models with different geometric conditions that may be present in fractured media are also investigated. A finite element model that can simulate transient fluid flow in fracture networks is used to study the behavior of various two-dimensional fracture systems under well test conditions. A mesh generator that can be used to model mass and heat flow in a fractured-porous media is presented.
Date: April 1, 1987
Creator: Karasaki, K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
[News Clip: Flintlock] captions transcript

[News Clip: Flintlock]

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.
Date: April 28, 1986, 6:00 p.m.
Creator: KXAS-TV (Television station : Fort Worth, Tex.)
Object Type: Video
System: The UNT Digital Library
Project DEEP STEAM: third meeting of the technical advisory panel, Bakersfield, CA, March 1980 (open access)

Project DEEP STEAM: third meeting of the technical advisory panel, Bakersfield, CA, March 1980

The third meeting of the technical advisory panel for the Deep Steam project was held in March 1980 in Bakersfield, California. The following seven papers were presented: Materials Studies; Insulation/Packer Simulation Test; Enhanced Recovery Packer; High Pressure Downhole Steam Generator; Lower Pressure Downhole Steam Generator; Physical Simulations; and Field Testing. The panel made many recommendations, some of which are: shell calcium silicate insulation should be included in the injection string modification program; for metal packer, consider age hardening alloys, testing with thermal cycling, intentionally flawed casing, and operational temperatures effect on differential expansion, plus long term tests under temperature and corrosive environment; for minimum stress packer, consider testing environment carefully as some elastomers are especially susceptible to oil, oxygen, and combustion gases; for downhole steam generator, quality of water required with new low pressure combustion design needs to be investigated; in field testing, materials coupons, for corrosion monitoring, should be an integral part of field test operations.
Date: April 1, 1981
Creator: Fox, R. L.; Johnson, D. R.; Donaldson, A. B.; Mulac, A. J. & Krueger, D. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Well test analysis in fractured media (open access)

Well test analysis in fractured media

In this study the behavior of fracture systems under well test conditions and methods for analyzing well test data from fractured media are investigated. Several analytical models are developed to be used for analyzing well test data from fractured media. Numerical tools that may be used to simulate fluid flow in fractured media are also presented. Three types of composite models for constant flux tests are investigated. Several slug test models with different geometric conditions that may be present in fractured media are also investigated. A finite element model that can simulate transient fluid flow in fracture networks is used to study the behavior of various two-dimensional fracture systems under well test conditions. A mesh generator that can be used to model mass and heat flow in a fractured-porous media is presented. This model develops an explicit solution in the porous matrix as well as in the discrete fractures. Because the model does not require the assumptions of the conventional double porosity approach, it may be used to simulate cases where double porosity models fail.
Date: April 1, 1986
Creator: Karasaki, K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
[News Clip: MW / Crusade] captions transcript

[News Clip: MW / Crusade]

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.
Date: April 2, 1981, 6:00 p.m.
Creator: KXAS-TV (Television station : Fort Worth, Tex.)
Object Type: Video
System: The UNT Digital Library