Microseismic monitoring of the Chaveroo oil field, New Mexico (open access)

Microseismic monitoring of the Chaveroo oil field, New Mexico

Microseismicity was monitored in the Chaveroo oil field in southeastern New Mexico during, and for 5 weeks following, a pressurized stimulation of a well being prepared as an injector for a water flood operation. Three-thousand barrels of water were injected into the reservoir over a 5.5-hour period. Little seismicity was detected during the stimulation. Intermittent monitoring over a 5-week period following the injection indicated detectable seismicity occurring with activity levels varying in time. The most active period recorded occurred just after production resumed in the immediate area of the monitor well. Mapping the microearthquakes using the hodogram technique indicates the events occur along linear trends which corroborate known structural trends of the field. Seismicity trends were defined both parallel and perpendicular to the regionally defined maximum horizontal stress direction. Seventy-three good quality events were recorded, in a cumulative 24 hour period, from which structures were mapped up to 3000 ft from the monitor well. 13 refs., 9 figs.
Date: February 6, 1990
Creator: Rutledge, J. T. & Albright, J. N.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Identification of the mineral phases responsible for cementation of Lurgi spent oil shale (open access)

Identification of the mineral phases responsible for cementation of Lurgi spent oil shale

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mineralogical character of the cements that are responsible for the increased strength of the spent oil shale. Several techniques to identify the nature of the cementing agents have been used in this study. X-ray diffraction was used to identify mineral dissolution and formation; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the cementing agents; energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) was used to provide information on the elemental composition of both the bulk material and the cementing agents; and differential thermal analyses and thermogravimetric analyses were used to document the presence of suspected minerals that may be involved in formation of the cementing material.
Date: February 1, 1991
Creator: Brown, M.; Huntington, G. & Brown, T.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Identification of the mineral phases responsible for cementation of Lurgi spent oil shale (open access)

Identification of the mineral phases responsible for cementation of Lurgi spent oil shale

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mineralogical character of the cements that are responsible for the increased strength of the spent oil shale. Several techniques to identify the nature of the cementing agents have been used in this study. X-ray diffraction was used to identify mineral dissolution and formation; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the cementing agents; energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) was used to provide information on the elemental composition of both the bulk material and the cementing agents; and differential thermal analyses and thermogravimetric analyses were used to document the presence of suspected minerals that may be involved in formation of the cementing material.
Date: February 1, 1991
Creator: Brown, M.; Huntington, G. & Brown, T.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of mixed surfactants for improved chemical flooding (open access)

Evaluation of mixed surfactants for improved chemical flooding

Phase behavior studies were conducted using combinations of a primary surfactant component and several ethoxylated surfactants. The objective of the study is to evaluate combinations of surfactants, anionic-nonionic and anionic-anionic mixtures, that would yield favorable phase behavior and solubilization capacity. The dependence of the solution behavior on the additive surfactant structure, surfactant type, oil, surfactant proportion, salinity, HLB, and temperature was observed. The results showed that the ethoxylated surfactants can improve the solution behavior of the overall system. The increase in optimum salinity range of these solutions corresponded to an increase in the degree of ethoxylation of additive surfactant, up to a certain limit. The nonionic surfactant additives yielded much higher salinities compared to the results from the ethoxylated anionics tested. The proportion of surfactant component in solution was critical in achieving a balance between the solubilization capacity and the enhancement in the system's salinity tolerance. Some combinations of these types of surfactants showed improved solution behavior with favorable solubilization capacity. The phase inversion temperature (PIT) method has been shown to be a relatively fast method for screening candidate surfactant systems. Comparisons were made using both the conventional salinity scan and the PIT method on selected chemical systems. The results …
Date: February 1, 1993
Creator: Llave, F. M.; French, T. R. & Lorenz, P. B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Results of Phase 2 postburn drilling, coring, and logging: Rocky Mountain 1 Underground Coal Gasification Test, Hanna, Wyoming (open access)

Results of Phase 2 postburn drilling, coring, and logging: Rocky Mountain 1 Underground Coal Gasification Test, Hanna, Wyoming

The Rocky Mountain 1 (RM1) Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) site consisted of two different module configurations: the controlled retracting injection point (CRIP) and elongated linked well (ELW) configurations. The postburn coring of the RM1 UCG site was designed in two phases to fulfill seven objectives outlined in Western Research Institute's Annual Project Plan for 1989 (Western Research Institute 1989). The seven objectives were to (1) delineate the areal extent of the cavities, (2) identify the extent of roof collapse, (3) obtain samples of all major cavity rock types, (4) characterize outflow channels and cavity stratigraphy, (5) characterize the area near CRIP points and ignition points, (6) further define the structural geology of the site, and (7) identify the vertical positioning of the horizontal process wells within the coal seam. Phase 1 of the coring was completed during the summer of 1989 and served to partially accomplish all seven objectives. A detailed description of Phase 1 results was presented in a separate report (Lindblom et al. 1990). Phase 2, completed during the summer of 1990, was designed to complete the seven objectives; more specifically, to further define the areal extent and location of the cavities, to evaluate the outflow channels for …
Date: February 1, 1991
Creator: Oliver, R. L.; Lindblom, S. R. & Covell, J. R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Geochemistry of thermal/mineral waters in the Clear Lake region, California, and implications for hot dry rock geothermal development (open access)

Geochemistry of thermal/mineral waters in the Clear Lake region, California, and implications for hot dry rock geothermal development

Thermal/mineral waters of the Clear Lake region are broadly classified as thermal meteoric and connote types based on chemical and isotopic criteria. Ratios of conservative components such as B/Cl are extremely different among all thermal/mineral waters of the Clear Lake region except for clusters of waters emerging from specific areas such as the Wilbur Springs district and the Agricultural Park area south of Mt. Konocti. In contrast, ratios of conservative components in large, homogeneous geothermal reservoirs are constant. Stable isotope values of Clear Lake region waters show a mixing trend between thermal meteoric and connote end-members. The latter end-member has enriched [delta]D as well as enriched d[sup l8]O, very different from typical high-temperature geothermal reservoir waters. Tritium data and modeling of ages indicate most Clear Lake region waters are 500 to > 10,000 yr., although mixing of old and young components is implied by the data. The age of end-member connate water is probably > 10,000 yr. Subsurface equilibration temperature of most thermal/mineral waters of the Clear Lake region is [le] 150[degrees]C based on chemical geothermometers but it is recognized that Clear Lake region waters are not typical geothermal fluids and that they violate rules of application of many geothermometers. …
Date: February 1, 1993
Creator: Goff, F.; Adams, A. I.; Trujillo, P. E.; Counce, D. & Mansfield, J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library

Baker Hotel Swimming Pool

None
Date: February 1990
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History
Site characterization and monitoring data from Area 5 Pilot Wells, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada (open access)

Site characterization and monitoring data from Area 5 Pilot Wells, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada

The Special Projects Section (SPS) of Reynolds Electrical & Engineering Co., Inc. (REECO) is responsible for characterizing the subsurface geology and hydrology of the Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Site (RWMS) at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) for the US Department of Energy, Nevada Operations Office (DOE/NV), Environmental Restoration and Waste Management Division, Waste Operations Branch. The three Pilot Wells that comprise the Pilot Well Project are an important part of the Area 5 Site Characterization Program designed to determine the suitability of the Area 5 RWMS for disposal of low-level waste (LLW), mixed waste (MW), and transuranic waste (TRU). The primary purpose of the Pilot Well Project is two-fold: first, to characterize important water quality and hydrologic properties of the uppermost aquifer; and second, to characterize the lithologic, stratigraphic, and hydrologic conditions which influence infiltration, redistribution, and percolation, and chemical transport through the thick vadose zone in the vicinity of the Area 5 RWMS. This report describes Pilot Well drilling and coring, geophysical logging, instrumentation and stemming, laboratory testing, and in situ testing and monitoring activities.
Date: February 1, 1994
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Reservoir characterization of the Smackover Formation in southwest Alabama (open access)

Reservoir characterization of the Smackover Formation in southwest Alabama

The Upper Jurassic Smackover Formation is found in an arcuate belt in the subsurface from south Texas to panhandle Florida. The Smackover is the most prolific hydrocarbon-producing formation in Alabama and is an important hydrocarbon reservoir from Florida to Texas. In this report Smackover hydrocarbon reservoirs in southwest Alabama are described. Also, the nine enhanced- and improved-recovery projects that have been undertaken in the Smackover of Alabama are evaluated. The report concludes with recommendations about potential future enhanced- and improved-recovery projects in Smackover reservoirs in Alabama and an estimate of the potential volume of liquid hydrocarbons recoverable by enhanced- and improved-recovery methods from the Smackover of Alabama.
Date: February 1, 1993
Creator: Kopaska-Merkel, David C.; Hall, Douglas R.; Mann, Steven D. & Tew, Berry H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Burial Ground Expansion Hydrogeologic Characterization (open access)

Burial Ground Expansion Hydrogeologic Characterization

Sirrine Environmental Consultants provided technical oversight of the installation of eighteen groundwater monitoring wells and six exploratory borings around the location of the Burial Ground Expansion.
Date: February 26, 1999
Creator: Gaughan , T.F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
CO2 Huff-n-Puff Process in a Light Oil Shallow Shelf Carbonate Reservoir (open access)

CO2 Huff-n-Puff Process in a Light Oil Shallow Shelf Carbonate Reservoir

The principal objective of the Sundown Slaughter Unit (SSU) CO2 Huff- n- Puff (H- n- P) project is to determine the feasibility and practicality of the technology in a waterflooded shallow shelf carbonate environment. Sundown Slaughter Unit is the second demonstration site associated with this project, following the unsuccessful test at Central Vacuum Unit. The ultimate goal will be to develop guidelines based on commonly available data that other operators in the industry can use to investigate the applicability of the process within other fields. The technology transfer objective of the project is to disseminate the knowledge gained through an innovative plan in support of the Department of Energy's (DOE) objective of increasing domestic oil production and deferring the abandonment of shallow shelf carbonate (SSC) reservoirs. Tasks associated with this objective are carried out in what is a timely effort for near- term goals. The goal of this Sundown Slaughter Unit Project is to demonstrate the CO2 Huff- n- Puff process in a waterflooded, light oil, shallow shelf carbonate reservoir within the Permian Basin. The CO2 Huff- n- Puff process is a proven enhanced oil recovery technology for Louisiana- Texas gulf coast sandstone reservoirs. The reader is referred to three …
Date: February 2, 1998
Creator: Prieditis, John; Kovar, Mark; Cole, Roger & Wehner, Scott
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Regulating toxicity in drilling mud: An innovative approach using pollution prevention (open access)

Regulating toxicity in drilling mud: An innovative approach using pollution prevention

Both in terms of volume and toxic pollutants, drilling muds and drill cuttings are the most significant waste streams from exploratory and development activities in the oil and gas industry. Under the Clean Water Act, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates discharges of all contaminants, including drilling muds, into the waterways and offshore areas of the United States. EPA employs technology-based effluent standards in issuing discharge permits to both onshore and offshore operators. This paper examines the regulatory approaches used by EPA to limit toxicity in drilling muds at offshore drilling platforms and discusses other measures EPA has adopted to reduce toxicity of drilling muds discharged offshore. This effort focuses on an innovative approach that emphasizes pollution prevention used by EPA Region X for offshore Alaska, which is contrasted with a more traditional command and control regulatory approach used by other EPA regional offices. The Region X approach includes collection of influent and effluent data, development of a comprehensive data base of technical information, and prescription of specific mud formulas. This influent-effluent approach reduces uncertainty and guesswork, enhances use of innovative technology, and lowers toxic discharges compared to the standard EPA command and control approach. The influent-effluent approach provides …
Date: February 1, 1994
Creator: Burke, C. J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Preparation of northern mid-continent petroleum atlas (open access)

Preparation of northern mid-continent petroleum atlas

The prototype Digital Petroleum Atlas (DPA) Project is part of a long-term effort to develop a new methodology to provide efficient and timely access to the latest petroleum data and technology for the domestic oil and gas industry, public sector research organizations and local governmental units. The DPA provides real-time access through the Internet using widely available tools such as World-Wide-Web browsers. The latest technologies and information are published electronically when individual project components are completed removing the lag and expense of transferring technology using traditional paper publication. Active links, graphical user interfaces and database search mechanisms of the DPA provide a product with which the operator can interact in ways that are impossible in the paper publication. Contained in the DPA are forms of publication that can only be displayed in an electronic environment (for example, animated exploration histories through time). Improvement in data and technology access for the domestic petroleum industry represents one of the best and cost-effective options that is available for mitigating the continued decline in domestic production. The prototype DPA concentrated on developing methodologies and computerized procedures to generate and to publish a limited set of field and play studies concentrated in Kansas and to …
Date: February 13, 1997
Creator: Gerhard, Lee C.; Carr, Timothy R. & Watney, W. Lynn
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Burial Ground Expansion Hydrogeologic Characterization (open access)

Burial Ground Expansion Hydrogeologic Characterization

Sirrine Environmental Consultants provided technical oversight of the installation of eighteen groundwater monitoring wells and six exploratory borings around the location of the Burial Ground Expansion.
Date: February 26, 1999
Creator: Gaughan , T. F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hydrogeologic investigation and establishment of a permanent multi-observational well network in Aiken, Allendale, and Barnwell Counties, South Carolina. Phase VIII (open access)

Hydrogeologic investigation and establishment of a permanent multi-observational well network in Aiken, Allendale, and Barnwell Counties, South Carolina. Phase VIII

The Lower Savannah River Project was established in 1986 to improve our understanding of the hydrogeologic conditions in west-central South Carolina. Six progress reports have been written since 1987. This report covers the period from July 1, 1994, to June 30, 1995. During the current phase, work focused on locating and procuring suitable sites for future well clusters; drafting well-construction specifications and bid packages; drilling monitoring wells at site C-7; and completing two comprehensive reports. Land was acquired for three future well-cluster sites: C-11, C-13, and C-15. Site C-11 will be located at the Oakwood Fire Tower in Aiken County. This land was made available through the South Carolina Forestry Commission. Land for site C-13 was donated by the Wildlife Division of the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources and will be located at Little Hell Landing on the Savannah River flood plain southwest of Millet in Allendale County. Site C-15 will be located at Gillisonville in northern Jasper County. A 0.9-acre parcel of land was purchased from Westvaco, Inc., for this site. Well specifications and bid packages were drawn up for the construction of seven monitoring wells at site C-10, three at C-13, and two at C-15. Specific-capacity values …
Date: February 1, 1996
Creator: Gellici, J. A. & Gawne, C. E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Borehole Data Package for Well 699-37-47a, Purex Plant Cribs, Cy 1996 (open access)

Borehole Data Package for Well 699-37-47a, Purex Plant Cribs, Cy 1996

A new groundwater monitoring well (699-37-47A) was installed in 1996 as a downgradient well near the PUREX Plant Cribs Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facility at Hanford. This document provides data from the well drilling and construction operations, as well as data from subsequent characterization of groundwater and sediment samples collected during the drilling process. The data include: well construction documentation, geologist`s borehole logs, results of laboratory analysis of groundwater samples collected during drilling and of physical tests conducted on sediment samples collected during drilling, borehole geophysics, and results of aquifer testing including slug tests and flowmeter analysis. This well (699-37-47A) was constructed in support of the Hanford Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order (Tri-Party Agreement) milestone M-24-00H and interim milestone M-24-35 (Ecology et al. 1994), and was funded under Project W-152.
Date: February 1, 1997
Creator: Lindberg, J. W.; Williams, B. A. & Spane, F. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
TNX GeoSiphon Cell (TGSC-1) Phase I Deployment/Demonstration Final Report (open access)

TNX GeoSiphon Cell (TGSC-1) Phase I Deployment/Demonstration Final Report

This report documents the results of the installation of the TNX GeoSiphon Cell and the Phase I testing of the cell.
Date: February 27, 1998
Creator: Phifer, M. A.; Sappington, F. C. & Denham, M. E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Field verification of CO{sub 2} Foam. Final report (open access)

Field verification of CO{sub 2} Foam. Final report

The East Vacuum Grayburg/San Andres Unit (EVGSAU), operated by Phillips Petroleum Company, was the site selected for a comprehensive evaluation of the use of foam for improving the effectiveness of a CO{sub 2} flood. This project, entitled {open_quotes}Field Verification of CO{sub 2-}Foam,{close_quotes} was jointly funded by the EVGSAU working interest owners, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and the State of New Mexico. The DOE provided $2 million or approximately 34% of the total project costs, the EVGSAU provided $2.46 million, the State of New Mexico contributed approximately $1.2 million, and about $103,000 of other industrial funds were used. The Petroleum Recovery Research Center (PRRC), a division of the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, provided laboratory and research support for the project. A joint project advisory team composed of technical representatives from several major oil companies provided input, review, and guidance for the project. The project, which began in 1989, had a scheduled duration of four years, but the DOE granted a no-cost extension to the end of March 1995 for the purpose of continued project evaluation. A field test of the CO{sub 2}-foam has been successfully conducted, and preliminary results are promising. Response in the foam injection …
Date: February 1, 1996
Creator: Martin, F. D.; Heller, J. P. & Weiss, W. W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Flow tests of the Willis Hulin well (open access)

Flow tests of the Willis Hulin well

The Hulin well was tested between 20,100 and 20,700 feet down in layers of brine-saturated clean sand with occasional intervening layers of shale. The characteristics of the brine and gas were determined in this interval and an initial determination of the reservoir properties were made.
Date: February 1, 1992
Creator: Randolph, P. L.; Hayden, C. G. & Rogers, L. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Theoretical Studies of Non-Newtonian and Newtonian Fluid Flowthrough Porous Media (open access)

Theoretical Studies of Non-Newtonian and Newtonian Fluid Flowthrough Porous Media

A comprehensive theoretical study has been carried out on the flow behavior of both single and multiple phase non-Newtonian fluids in porous media. This work is divided into three parts: (1) development of numerical and analytical solutions; (2) theoretical studies of transient flow of non-Newtonian fluids in porous media; and (3) applications of well test analysis and displacement efficiency evaluation to field problems. A fully implicit, integral finite difference model has been developed for simulation of non-Newtonian and Newtonian fluid flow through porous media. Several commonly-used rheological models of power-law and Bingham plastic non-Newtonian fluids have been incorporated in the simulator. A Buckley-Leverett type analytical solution for one-dimensional, immiscible displacement involving non-Newtonian fluids in porous media has been developed. Based on this solution, a graphic approach for evaluating non-Newtonian displacement efficiency has been developed. The Buckley-Leverett-Welge theory is extended to flow problems with non-Newtonian fluids. An integral method is also presented for the study of transient flow of Bingham fluids in porous media. In addition, two well test analysis methods have been developed for analyzing pressure transient tests of power-law and Bingham fluids, respectively. Applications are included to demonstrate this new technology. The physical mechanisms involved in immiscible displacement with …
Date: February 1, 1990
Creator: Wu, Y.S.
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
In Situ Gaseous Reduction Pilot Demonstration - Final Report (open access)

In Situ Gaseous Reduction Pilot Demonstration - Final Report

The demonstration of the IGRS approach conducted at SWMU 143 on the White Sands Missile Range has provided information needed to complete a technical performance assessment and cost analysis of the technology. At least 70% of the Cr(VI) present in contaminated sediment at the site was reduced, thus verifying the effectiveness of the approach. Most of the treatment occurred in a zone located from {approximately}4 to 10 ft below ground surface, which appears to be a higher permeability interval. A deeper zone from {approximately}10 to 16 ft that contains lower levels of contamination was essentially unaffected. The deeper zone is somewhat finer grained and has a higher clay content and is, thus, less permeable. It appears that most of the treatment gas was channeled through the higher, more-permeable zone and the lower zone was bypassed. Treatment of the lower zone could probably be accomplished, however, if a second injection well were installed and screened across the zone so that treatment gas could be forced into this interval. The amount of H{sub 2}S consumed during the test exceeded the amount predicted by the laboratory treatability study. In addition, the levels of H{sub 2}S observed at the extraction wells were relatively low, …
Date: February 23, 1999
Creator: Thornton, E. C.; Phelan, J. M.; Giblin, J. T.; Olsen, K. B.; Miller, R. D. & Gilmore, T. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Reservoir Characterization and Evaluation of CO{sub 2} Gravity Drainage in the Naturally Fractured Spraberry Trend Area (open access)

Advanced Reservoir Characterization and Evaluation of CO{sub 2} Gravity Drainage in the Naturally Fractured Spraberry Trend Area

The overall goal of this project is to assess the economic feasibility of CO{sub 2} flooding the naturally fractured Spraberry Trend Area in West Texas. This objective is being accomplished by conducting research in four areas: (1) extensive characterization of the reservoirs, (2) experimental studies of crude oil/brine/rock (COBR) interactions in the reservoirs, (3) reservoir performance analysis, and, (4) experimental investigations on CO2 gravity drainage in Spraberry whole cores. This report provides results of the third year of the five-year project for each of the four areas including a status report of field activities leading up to injection of CO2.
Date: February 3, 1999
Creator: Schechter, D.S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Summary of field operations Tijeras Arroyo Well TJA-2. Site-Wide Hydrogeologic Characterization Project (open access)

Summary of field operations Tijeras Arroyo Well TJA-2. Site-Wide Hydrogeologic Characterization Project

This report is a basic data report for field operations associated with the drilling, logging, completion, and development of Tijeras Arroyo well TJA-2. This test/monitoring well was installed as part of Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico, Environmental Restoration Project.
Date: February 1, 1995
Creator: Foutz, W.L. & McCord, J.P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Results of vertical seismic profiling at Well 46-28, Rye Patch Geothermal Field, Pershing County, Nevada (open access)

Results of vertical seismic profiling at Well 46-28, Rye Patch Geothermal Field, Pershing County, Nevada

A Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) was recorded in Rye Patch by LBNL between December 11 and December 13, 1997. Figure 1 shows the location of the Rye Patch Geothermal Field with Well 46-28 located within the marked Rye Patch Anomaly. The VSP in Well 46-28 used a vibroseis source and a single-level, high temperature, hydraulic wall-locking, 3-component seismometer. The vibroseis source was a Mertz P-wave vibrator. The source sweep was 10 Hz to 80 Hz, 10 seconds long, with a 0.2 s cosine taper. The borehole geophone was an SSC model LVHK 6001 using 14 Hz geophones. The recording system was a Geometrics Strataview. Six data channels were recorded: the three geophones, the source pilot, the vibrator reference and the vibrator baseplate accelerometer. The record length was 12,288 samples at a 1 ms sample rate, giving a 2.3 s correlated record length. A 10 Hz low cut filter was used and no high cut filter was used except the anti-alias filter. Results are described.
Date: February 25, 1998
Creator: Feighner, M. A.; Daley, T. M. & Majer, E. L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library