Discussed her experiences as a white woman living in a quickly changing racial environment, her experiences with gender and race, and her work as a journalist covering the civil rights movement and its struggles.

Ms. Chumbley was born and raised in Nacogdoches. She worked as an elementary school teacher prior to integration and as a substitute while her children were small. She then became a teacher with Head Start. In the group interview, Ms. Chumbley describes her community and both going to and working for the segregated school system, as well as police brutality, African-American businesses, family structures, and the community involvement in raising children. Ms. Farr was born and raised in Nacogdoches. She went to Stephen F. Austin State University shortly after integration and became a nurse working for Lufkin State School and, later, worked as a nurse for Nacogdoches school district. In the group interview, she described life in segregated Nacogdoches, police brutality, African-American businesses, discrimination in her working career, protests and marches in Nacogdoches, and local politics. Ms. Sexton was born and raised in Nacogdoches. She attended EJ Campbell school prior to integration and Stephen F. Austin State University shortly after it integrated. She then worked for Lufkin State School until her retirement. In the group interview interview, she described her neighborhood, segregation in Nacogdoches, police brutality, protests and marches for equality, and the African-American community and businesses. Ms. Simpson was …

Lionel Lopez is a retired firefighter and resident of Corpus Christi, Texas. He and his wife Juanita founded the South Texas Colonia Initiative, Inc, an organization that provides information and services to people in Colonias, communities in South Texas that often lack basic living necessities.

I.D. Henderson, Jr. was the first Black County Commissioner of Angelina County, Texas. He served in that position from the early 1980s until the early 2000s. He was very involved in Lufkin politics and helped to improve the infrastructure of the Black Lufkin community. Mr. Henderson is also a war veteran who served in Vietnam and Korea. Mr. Henderson discussed the segregation and discrimination he witnessed from his birth in the Lufkin area in the late 1920s, his time in the military and his return to Lufkin in the 1970s. Mr. Henderson discussed receiving death threats before and after he won his county commissioner office. Also Mr. Henderson discussed his involvement in many other organizations.

Herby Garza discussed career as a letter carrier in Corpus Christi and president of the Letter Carriers Union local.

Discussed her mother's work as a domestic, the family's encounters with racism, her entrepreneurship, and her work on civil rights and black women's empowerment.

Mr. Lee grew up in Conroe. He attended and graduated from Booker T. Washington. In the mid-1960s, he was part of a protest of Walgreen's drug store, demanding integration. He and two others were arrested for their actions and only released when the FBI intervened. Mr. Lee then worked several jobs before becoming a minister. In his interview, he describes segregation in Conroe, police brutality, the Walgreen's march, discrimination at work, Conroe Bible College, interracial relationships, and the continued struggles of the African-American community in Conroe. Mr. Proctor also grew up in Conroe. He attended Conroe's schools, graduated from high school, worked in the timber industry, and became a truck driver. In his interview, Mr. Proctor describes his experience growing up in Conroe in the 1980s and 1990s, the continued prevalence of racial discrimination, Ku Klux Klan recruiting efforts in the 1990s, a riot over Klan activity at the high school in the 1990s, the economic and systemic decline of the historically African-American parts of Conroe, and the many ways Conroe has re-segregated.

Mr. Wilkerson was born in Montgomery, Texas. He attended segregated schools in Montgomery and remained active in the area. In his interview, Mr. Wilkerson described how segregation operated in Montgomery, the state of education for African-American children, his family's history in the area, and his work in volunteering, community outreach, and as a member of the city council.

Recounted role as a leader of the Letter Carrier's union.

Described her family's acquisition of land from former slaveowners, discrimination and segregation, political activism, and community work.

The second part of a two part interview focuses on the early years of his political career, his relationship with the Good Government League and some of his accomplishments as a state representative. Throughout the interview, Mr. Bernal talks about the political and economic context in San Antonio. At the end of the interview, he talks about the role of Raza Unida in his eventual electoral defeat.

Discussed childhood and life in Kingsville, Texas.

Cresencia Reyes Mendeke ("Chris") was born in the late 20s and raised in Uvalde during the Great Depression. In her interview, she talked about the strict segregation in the town during those years. She attended a "Mexican school" for her early education, and recalled the neglect and disinterest in educating the Mexican American children. She also talked about her father's role as a benefactor in their neighborhood, and of his relationship with a prominent family of Anglo business owners. After finishing school and working in a local Penney's store for some time, Mendeke married and moved around, as she and her husband looked for opportunities in and out of Uvalde. Eventually, they settled in the Los Angeles area, and found professional work. Later, they became licensed realtors and opened their own office in Buena Park. After several decades, the Mendekes retired and moved back to Uvalde in the eighties, and Chris was determined to get involved in local affairs. She joined the local Democratic party and helped run local campaigns; she was also a ranking member of the Mexican American Democrats (later the Tejano Democrats). In recent years, Mendeke spearheaded the restoration and marking of the Nicolas Street School, the …