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Pair Production Constraints on Superluminal Neutrinos Revisited
We revisit the pair creation constraint on superluminal neutrinos considered by Cohen and Glashow in order to clarify which types of superluminal models are constrained. We show that a model in which the superluminal neutrino is effectively light-like can evade the Cohen-Glashow constraint. In summary, any model for which the CG pair production process operates is excluded because such timelike neutrinos would not be detected by OPERA or other experiments. However, a superluminal neutrino which is effectively lightlike with fixed p{sup 2} can evade the Cohen-Glashow constraint because of energy-momentum conservation. The coincidence involved in explaining the SN1987A constraint certainly makes such a picture improbable - but it is still intrinsically possible. The lightlike model is appealing in that it does not violate Lorentz symmetry in particle interactions, although one would expect Hughes-Drever tests to turn up a violation eventually. Other evasions of the CG constraints are also possible; perhaps, e.g., the neutrino takes a 'short cut' through extra dimensions or suffers anomalous acceleration in matter. Irrespective of the OPERA result, Lorentz-violating interactions remain possible, and ongoing experimental investigation of such possibilities should continue.
Date:
February 16, 2012
Creator:
Brodsky, Stanley J. & Gardner, Susan
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design of Genomic Signatures of Pathogen Identification & Characterization
This chapter will address some of the many issues associated with the identification of signatures based on genomic DNA/RNA, which can be used to identify and characterize pathogens for biodefense and microbial forensic goals. For the purposes of this chapter, we define a signature as one or more strings of contiguous genomic DNA or RNA bases that are sufficient to identify a pathogenic target of interest at the desired resolution and which could be instantiated with particular detection chemistry on a particular platform. The target may be a whole organism, an individual functional mechanism (e.g., a toxin gene), or simply a nucleic acid indicative of the organism. The desired resolution will vary with each program's goals but could easily range from family to genus to species to strain to isolate. The resolution may not be taxonomically based but rather pan-mechanistic in nature: detecting virulence or antibiotic-resistance genes shared by multiple microbes. Entire industries exist around different detection chemistries and instrument platforms for identification of pathogens, and we will only briefly mention a few of the techniques that we have used at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to support our biosecurity-related work since 2000. Most nucleic acid based detection chemistries involve …
Date:
February 9, 2010
Creator:
Slezak, T.; Gardner, S.; Allen, J.; Vitalis, E. & Jaing, C.
Object Type:
Book
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Impact of Intrinsic Heavy Quark Distributions in the Proton on New Physics Searches at the High Intensity Frontier
The possibility of an intense proton facility, at 'Project X' or elsewhere, will provide many new opportunities for searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. A Project X can serve a yet broader role in the search for new physics, and in this note we highlight the manner in which thus-enabled studies of the flavor structure of the proton, particularly of its intrinsic heavy quark content, facilitate other direct and indirect searches for new physics. Intrinsic heavy quarks in both light and heavy hadrons play a key role in searches for physics BSM with hadrons - and their study at the Intensity Frontier may prove crucial to establishing its existence.
Date:
February 16, 2012
Creator:
Brodsky, Stanley & Gardner, Susan
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Order and disorder in the local and long-range structure of the spin-glass pyrochlore, Tb{sub 2}Mo{sub 2}O{sub 7}
To understand the origin of the spin-glass state in molybdate pyrochlores, the structure of Tb{sub 2}Mo{sub 2}O{sub 7} is investigated using two techniques: the long-range lattice structure was measured using neutron powder diffraction (NPD), and local structure information was obtained from the extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) technique. While the long-range structure appears generally well ordered, enhanced mean-squared site displacements on the O(1) site and the lack of temperature dependence of the strongly anisotropic displacement parameters for both the Mo and O(1) sites indicate some disorder exists. Likewise, the local structure measurements indicate some Mo-Mo and Tb-O(1) nearest-neighbor disorder exists, similar to that found in the related spin-glass pyrochlore, Y{sub 2}Mo{sub 2}O{sub 7}. Although the freezing temperature in Tb{sub 2}Mo{sub 2}O{sub 7}, 25 K, is slightly higher than in Y{sub 2}Mo{sub 2}O{sub 7}, 22 K, the degree of local pair distance disorder is actually less in Tb{sub 2}Mo{sub 2}O{sub 7}. This apparent contradiction is considered in light of the interactions involved in the freezing process.
Date:
February 11, 2011
Creator:
Jiang, Yu; Huq, Ashfia; Booth, Corwin H.; Ehlers, Georg; Greedan, John E. & Gardner, Jason S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Observation of off-Hugoniot shocked states with ultrafast time resolution
We apply ultrafast single shot interferometry to determine the pressure and density of argon shocked from up to 7.8 GPa static initial pressure in a diamond anvil cell. This method enables the observation of thermodynamic states distinct from those observed in either single shock or isothermal compression experiments, and the observation of ultrafast dynamics in shocked materials. We also present a straightforward method for interpreting ultrafast shock wave data which determines the index of refraction at the shock front, and the particle and shock velocities for shock waves in transparent materials. Based on these methods, we observe shocked thermodynamic states between the room temperature isotherm of argon and the shock adiabat of cryogenic argon at final shock pressures up to 28 GPa.
Date:
February 23, 2010
Creator:
Armstrong, M; Crowhurst, J; Bastea, S & Zaug, J
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Phase transformation of PZST-86/14-5-2Nb ceramic under quasi-static loading conditions.
Specimens of poled and unpoled PZST ceramic were tested under hydrostatic loading conditions at temperatures of -55, 25, and 75 C. The objective of this experimental study was to obtain the electro-mechanical properties of the ceramic and the criteria of FE (Ferroelectric) to AFE (Antiferroelectric) phase transformations of the PZST ceramic to aid grain-scale modeling efforts in developing and testing realistic response models for use in simulation codes. As seen in previous studies, the poled ceramic from PZST undergoes anisotropic deformation during the transition from a FE to an AFE phase at -55 C. Warmer temperature tests exhibit anisotropic deformation in both the FE and AFE phase. The phase transformation is permanent at -55 C for all ceramics tests, whereas the transformation can be completely reversed at 25 and 75 C. The change in the phase transformation pressures at different temperatures were practically identical for both unpoled and poled PZST specimens. Bulk modulus for both poled and unpoled material was lowest in the FE phase, intermediate in the transition phase, and highest in the AFE phase. Additionally, bulk modulus varies with temperature in that PZST is stiffer as temperature decreases. Results from one poled-biased test for PZST and four poled-biased …
Date:
February 1, 2010
Creator:
Broome, Scott Thomas; Scofield, Timothy W.; Montgomery, Stephen Tedford; Bauer, Stephen J. & Hofer, John H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
End-Of-Life Vehicle Recycling: State of the Art of Resource Recovery From Shredder Residue
Each year, more than 25 million vehicles reach the end of their service life throughout the world, and this number is rising rapidly because the number of vehicles on the roads is rapidly increasing. In the United States, more than 95% of the 10-15 million scrapped vehicles annually enter a comprehensive recycling infrastructure that includes auto parts recyclers/dismantlers, remanufacturers, and material recyclers (shredders). Today, over 75% of automotive materials, primarily the metals, are profitably recycled via (1) parts reuse and parts and components remanufacturing and (2) ultimately by the scrap processing (shredding) industry. The process by which the scrap processors recover metal scrap from automobiles involves shredding the obsolete automobile hulks, along with other obsolete metal-containing products (such as white goods, industrial scrap, and demolition debris), and recovering the metals from the shredded material. The single largest source of recycled ferrous scrap for the iron and steel industry is obsolete automobiles. The non-metallic fraction that remains after the metals are recovered from the shredded materials - commonly called shredder residue - constitutes about 25% of the weight of the vehicle, and it is disposed of in landfills. This practice is not environmentally friendly, wastes valuable resources, and may become uneconomical. …
Date:
February 22, 2011
Creator:
Jody, B. J.; Daniels, E. J.; Duranceau, C. M.; Pomykala, J. A. & Spangenberger, J. S. (Energy Systems)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Gainesville Daily Register (Gainesville, Tex.), Vol. 128, No. 123, Ed. 1 Saturday, February 24, 2018
Daily newspaper from Gainesville, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
February 24, 2018
Creator:
Armstrong, Mark J.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Gainesville Daily Register (Gainesville, Tex.), Vol. 128, No. 122, Ed. 1 Friday, February 23, 2018
Daily newspaper from Gainesville, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
February 23, 2018
Creator:
Armstrong, Mark J.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Novel QCD Phenomena and New Perspectives for Hadron Physics
None
Date:
February 4, 2014
Creator:
Brodsky, Stanley J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Supreme Court Appointment Process: President's Selection of a Nominee
This report discusses the process for appointing Supreme Court Justices. Each appointment to the nine-member Court is of consequence because of the enormous judicial power that the Court exercises, separate from, and independent of, the executive and legislative branches.
Date:
February 6, 2017
Creator:
McMillion, Barry J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Gainesville Daily Register (Gainesville, Tex.), Vol. 128, No. 107, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 1, 2018
Daily newspaper from Gainesville, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
February 1, 2018
Creator:
Armstrong, Mark J.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Gainesville Daily Register (Gainesville, Tex.), Vol. 128, No. 117, Ed. 1 Friday, February 16, 2018
Daily newspaper from Gainesville, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
February 16, 2018
Creator:
Armstrong, Mark J.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Gainesville Daily Register (Gainesville, Tex.), Vol. 128, No. 113, Ed. 1 Friday, February 9, 2018
Daily newspaper from Gainesville, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
February 9, 2018
Creator:
Armstrong, Mark J.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
PRESSURE DEVELOPMENT IN SEALED CONTAINERS WITH PLUTONIUM BEARING MATERIALS
Gas generation by plutonium-bearing materials in sealed containers has been studied. The gas composition and pressure are determined over periods from months to years. The Pu-bearing materials studied represent those produced by all of the major processes used by DOE in the processing of plutonium and include the maximum amount of water (0.5% by weight) allowed by DOE's 3013 Standard. Hydrogen generation is of high interest and the Pu-bearing materials can be classed according to how much hydrogen is generated. Hydrogen generation by high-purity plutonium oxides packaged under conditions typical for actual 3013 materials is minimal, with very low generation rates and low equilibrium pressures. Materials with chloride salt impurities have much higher hydrogen gas generation rates and result in the highest observed equilibrium hydrogen pressures. Other materials such as those with high metal oxide impurities generate hydrogen at rates in between these extremes. The fraction of water that is converted to hydrogen gas as equilibrium is approached ranges from 0% to 25% under conditions typical of materials packaged to the 3013 Standard. Generation of both hydrogen and oxygen occurs when liquid water is present. The material and moisture conditions that result in hydrogen and oxygen generation for high-purity plutonium …
Date:
February 1, 2010
Creator:
Duffey, J. & Livingston, R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Accelerated Stress Testing of Hydrocarbon-Based Encapsulants for Medium-Concentration CPV Applications
Concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) systems have great potential to reduce photovoltaic (PV) electricity costs because of the relatively low cost of optical components as compared to PV cells. A transparent polymeric material is used to optically couple the PV cell to optical components and is thus exposed to the concentrated light source at elevated temperatures. In this work polymeric encapsulant materials are positioned close to a Xenon arc lamp to expose them to ultraviolet radiation (UV) that is about 42 times as intense as sunlight. Furthermore, different glass types are used as filters to modify the spectral distribution of light in the UV range. A strong sensitivity of non-silicone-based encapsulants to light below ~350 nm is demonstrated. Of all the materials examined in this study, the polydimethyl silicone samples performed the best. The next best material was an ionomer which maintained optical transmission but became photo-oxidized where exposed to the atmosphere.
Date:
February 1, 2011
Creator:
Kempe, M. D.; Moricone, T. J.; Kilkenny, M. & Zhang, J. Z.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Climate Change and Agriculture in the United States: Effects and Adaptation
This is a report by the USDA as climate change relates to its affect on livestock and agriculture.
Date:
February 2013
Creator:
Walthall, C. L.; Hatfield, J.; Backlund, P.; Lengnick, L.; Marshall, E.; Walsh, M. et al.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Rapid, Low-Cost Noble Gas Tracer Monitoring to Determine Travel Times at Recharge Operations
None
Date:
February 28, 2012
Creator:
Visser, A.; Singleton, M.; Hillegonds, D.; Velsko, C.; Moran, J. E. & Esser, B. K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Enhanced Ex-Vessel Analysis for Fukushima Daiichi Unit 1: Melt Spreading and Core-Concrete Interaction Analyses with MELTSPREAD & CORQUENCH
None
Date:
February 1, 2013
Creator:
Robb, Kevin R; Farmer, Mitchell & Francis, Matthew W
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Potential Options for Electric Power Resiliency in the U.S. Virgin Islands
This report explores several alternative electric power system structures for meeting the electricity services and needs of the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI).
Date:
February 14, 2018
Creator:
Clark, Corrie E.; Campbell, Richard J. & Austin, D. Andrew
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electron Anomalous Magnetic Moment in Basis Light-Front Quantization Approach
We apply the Basis Light-Front Quantization (BLFQ) approach to the Hamiltonian field theory of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) in free space. We solve for the mass eigenstates corresponding to an electron interacting with a single photon in light-front gauge. Based on the resulting non-perturbative ground state light-front amplitude we evaluate the electron anomalous magnetic moment. The numerical results from extrapolating to the infinite basis limit reproduce the perturbative Schwinger result with relative deviation less than 1.2%. We report significant improvements over previous works including the development of analytic methods for evaluating the vertex matrix elements of QED.
Date:
February 17, 2012
Creator:
Zhao, Xingbo; Honkanen, Heli; Maris, Pieter; Vary, James P. & Brodsky, Stanley J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation and Modeling of Edge-Seal Materials for Photovoltaic Applications
Because of the sensitivity of some photovoltaic devices to moisture-induced corrosion, they are packaged using impermeable front- and back-sheets along with an edge seal to prevent moisture ingress. Evaluation of edge seal materials can be difficult because of the low permeation rates involved and/or non-Fickian behavior. Here, using a Ca film deposited on a glass substrate, we demonstrate the evaluation of edge seal materials in a manner that effectively duplicates their use in a photovoltaic application and compare the results with standard methods for measuring water vapor transport. We demonstrate how moisture permeation data from polymer films can be used to estimate moisture ingress rates and compare the results of these two methods. Encapsulant materials were also evaluated for comparison and to highlight the need for edge seals. Of the materials studied, desiccant filled polyisobutylene materials demonstrate by far the best potential to keep moisture out for a 20 to 30 year lifetime.
Date:
February 1, 2011
Creator:
Kempe, M. D.; Dameron, A. A.; Moricone, T. J. & Reese, M. O.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electron g-2 in Light-Front Quantization
None
Date:
February 24, 2014
Creator:
Zhao, Xingbo; Honkanen, Heli; Maris, Pieter; Vary, James P. & Brodsky, Stanley J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
New Perspectives for QCD Physics at the LHC
I review a number of topics where conventional wisdom relevant to hadron physics at the LHC has been challenged. For example, the initial-state and final-state interactions of the quarks and gluons entering perturbative QCD hard-scattering subprocesses lead to the breakdown of traditional concepts of factorization and universality for transverse-momentum-dependent observables at leading twist. These soft-gluon rescattering effect produce single-spin asymmetries, the breakdown of the Lam-Tung relation in Drell-Yan reactions, as well as diffractive deep inelastic scattering, The antishadowing of nuclear structure functions is predicted to depend on the flavor quantum numbers of each quark and antiquark. Isolated hadrons can be produced at large transverse momentum directly within a hard higher-twist QCD subprocess, rather than from jet fragmentation, even at the LHC. Such 'direct' processes can explain the observed deviations from pQCD predictions of the power-law fall-off of inclusive hadron cross sections as well as the 'baryon anomaly' seen in high-centrality heavy-ion collisions at RHIC. The intrinsic charm contribution to the proton structure function at high x can explain the large rate for high p{sub T} photon plus charm-jet events observed at the Tevatron and imply a large production rate for charm and bottom jets at high p{sub T} at the …
Date:
February 7, 2011
Creator:
Brodsky, Stanley J. & /SLAC /Stanford U. /Southern Denmark U., CP3-Origins
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library