The Abortive Territory of Cimarron (open access)

The Abortive Territory of Cimarron

Article chronicles the establishment of the Abortive Territory of Cimarron, a provisional government created within the region known as "No Man's Land" within the Oklahoma Panhandle.
Date: Autumn 1945
Creator: Kinchen, Oscar A.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The American Indian Exposition in Oklahoma (open access)

The American Indian Exposition in Oklahoma

Article chronicles the creation of the American Indian Exposition, an organization founded by Indigenous communities to organize the All-Indian Fair.
Date: Summer 1946
Creator: Wright, Muriel H. (Muriel Hazel), 1889-1975
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Appraisal of the Lands of the Choctaws and Chickasaws by the Dawes Commission (open access)

The Appraisal of the Lands of the Choctaws and Chickasaws by the Dawes Commission

Article chronicles how the Dawes Commission broke apart the tribal lands of the Choctaw and Chickasaw tribes in an effort to prepare them for settlement.
Date: Summer 1944
Creator: Brown, Loren N.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Archaeological and Historical Investigations at the Fort Towson Powder Magazine (open access)

Archaeological and Historical Investigations at the Fort Towson Powder Magazine

Article highlights the archeological evidence and artifacts found at the Fort Townson Powder Magazine through exploration of research collected through excavations conducted by the Oklahoma Historical Society.
Date: Winter 1975
Creator: Scott, Douglas D.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Armstrongs of Indian Territory, Part II: William Armstrong (open access)

The Armstrongs of Indian Territory, Part II: William Armstrong

Article discusses the life and career of William Armstrong, who was appointed Special Agent and Superintendent for the removal of the Choctaws to Indian Territory. Carolyn Thomas Foreman explores the struggles Armstrong and the Choctaws faced on their journey west, and the reports Armstrong made about government relations with the tribes of North America.
Date: Winter 1952
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Beginnings of the Oklahoma State Hospital Association (open access)

The Beginnings of the Oklahoma State Hospital Association

Article chronicles how the Oklahoma State Hospital Association was created during the state's infancy in celebration of the association's 25th anniversary.
Date: Autumn 1944
Creator: Clinton, Fred S.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Bibliographical Notes: A Preliminary Check-List of Nineteenth Century Oklahoma Book Publishers (open access)

Bibliographical Notes: A Preliminary Check-List of Nineteenth Century Oklahoma Book Publishers

Article consists of a list of publishing firms who specialize in historical narratives.
Date: Spring 1944
Creator: Silver, Rollo G.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Black Beaver (open access)

Black Beaver

Article chronicles the accomplishments and legacy of Black Beaver, member of the Delaware tribe who worked with the United States army as a guide during surveys.
Date: Autumn 1946
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Brave Major Moniac and the Creek Volunteers (open access)

The Brave Major Moniac and the Creek Volunteers

Article chronicles how the Moniac family contributed to the efforts of many wars as interpreters from the Creek tribe.
Date: Summer 1945
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Brief History of the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad Lines (open access)

Brief History of the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad Lines

Article chronicles the construction of the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad Lines that reached to the Gulf of Mexico.
Date: Autumn 1946
Creator: Johnson, Walter A.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Buffalo Valley: An Osage Hunting Ground (open access)

Buffalo Valley: An Osage Hunting Ground

Article describes the area known as Buffalo Valley, a hunting ground of the Osage Nation initially encountered by General Henry Leavenworth's Dragoon unit on a peace-making mission. Orel Busby describes landmarks in the region and the leaders of the Osage at the time.
Date: Spring 1962
Creator: Busby, Orel
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Butterfield Overland Mail One Hundred Years Ago (open access)

The Butterfield Overland Mail One Hundred Years Ago

Article discusses the creation of the Butterfield Overland Mail Route and its development. Muriel H. Wright explores how mail was transported by railroad and stagecoaches across the route, and the events that impacted the route's success.
Date: Spring 1957
Creator: Wright, Muriel H. (Muriel Hazel), 1889-1975
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Bygone Spas: The Rise and Decay of Oklahoma's Radium Water (open access)

Bygone Spas: The Rise and Decay of Oklahoma's Radium Water

Article describes the development of the radium water industry in northeastern Oklahoma. Marjorie Malley details the origins of the water's popularity and the growth of the industry through bathhouses and bottled water, as well as the twists and turns the myth behind it underwent throughout the early 20th century.
Date: Winter 2002
Creator: Malley, Marjorie
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Byron Norrell, Pioneer Editor (open access)

Byron Norrell, Pioneer Editor

Article chronicles the life and career of Byron Norrell, an editor for multiple newspapers published in the Oklahoma and Indian Territories.
Date: Autumn 1948
Creator: Porter, Cora Case
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Carl Albert: Little Giant of Native America (open access)

Carl Albert: Little Giant of Native America

Article describes the life and career of Carl Albert, Oklahoma Congressman for Oklahoma's Third Congressional District and eventual Speaker of the US House of Representatives. David W. Clark explores the ways Carl Albert assisted the American Indian community through beneficial policies supporting self-determination and opposition to policies terminating tribes.
Date: Autumn 2015
Creator: Clark, David W.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Causes of the Dull Knife Raid: 1878 (open access)

Causes of the Dull Knife Raid: 1878

Article recounts why the Northern Cheyenne tribe fled Oklahoma to Montana during the late 1800s. These events cumulated into the Dull Knife Raid.
Date: Spring 1948
Creator: Covington, James Warren
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Cherokee Occupance in the Oklahoma Ozarks and Prairie Plains (open access)

Cherokee Occupance in the Oklahoma Ozarks and Prairie Plains

Article details how the Cherokee lands were taken over and modified to become livable for settlers during a process known as occupance.
Date: Autumn 1944
Creator: Hewes, Leslie
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Cherokee Phoenix: Pioneer of Indian Journalism (open access)

The Cherokee Phoenix: Pioneer of Indian Journalism

Article chronicles the establishment of The Cherokee Phoenix, the first newspaper printed int he Sequoyah Alphabet. This newspaper was created by the missionary, Samuel Austin Worcester.
Date: Summer 1947
Creator: Martin, Robert G., Jr.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Chickasaw Manual Labor Academy (open access)

Chickasaw Manual Labor Academy

Article chronicles the establishment of the Chickasaw Manual Labor Academy within Indian Territory.
Date: Winter 1945
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Chief Benjamin Franklin Smallwood and Chief Jefferson Gardner (open access)

Chief Benjamin Franklin Smallwood and Chief Jefferson Gardner

Article chronicles the rise of power and influence of two chiefs of the Choctaw tribe: Chief Benjamin Smallwood and Chief Jefferson Gardner.
Date: Autumn 1941
Creator: Meserve, John Bartlett, 1869-1943
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Chief Wilson Nathaniel Jones (open access)

Chief Wilson Nathaniel Jones

Article details how Wilson Nathaniel Jones became chief of the Choctaw tribe after his family was removed to the Indian Territory during the Trail of Tears.
Date: Winter 1936
Creator: Meserve, John Bartlett, 1869-1943
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Choctaw Academy (open access)

The Choctaw Academy

Article is a continuation of the author's attempts to document the establishment and history of the Choctaw Academy, a mission school dedicated to the education of American Indian youths.
Date: Winter 1931
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Choctaw Academy (open access)

The Choctaw Academy

Article details the establishment of the Choctaw Academy, a mission school that served young Choctaw boys, through correspondence written between faculty and staff.
Date: Winter 1928
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Choctaw Academy: Continued from December (open access)

The Choctaw Academy: Continued from December

Article is a continuation of the author's attempts to document the establishment and history of the Choctaw Academy, a mission school dedicated to the education of American Indian youths. Included are lists of the children enrolled within the school.
Date: Spring 1932
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History