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Rawhide Ranger, Ira Aten: Enforcing Law on the Texas Frontier

Access: Use of this item is restricted to the UNT Community
Ira Aten (1862-1953) was the epitome of a frontier lawman. At age twenty he enrolled in Company D during the transition of the Rangers from Indian fighters to topnotch peace officers. This unit—and Aten—would have a lively time making their mark in nineteenth-century Texas. The preponderance of Texas Ranger treatments center on the outfit as an institution or spotlight the narratives of specific captains. Bob Alexander aptly demonstrated in Winchester Warriors: Texas Rangers of Company D, 1874-1901 that there is merit in probing the lives of everyday working Rangers. Aten is an ideal example. The years Ira spent as a Ranger are jam-packed with adventure, border troubles, shoot-outs, solving major crimes—a quadruple homicide—and manhunts. Aten’s role in these and epochal Texas events such as the racially insensitive Jaybird/Woodpecker Feud and the bloody Fence Cutting Wars earned Ira’s spot in the Ranger Hall of Fame. His law enforcing deeds transcend days with the Rangers. Ira served two counties as sheriff, terms spiked with excitement. Afterward, for ten years on the XIT, he was tasked with clearing the ranch’s Escarbada Division of cattle thieves. Aten’s story spins on an axis of spine-tingling Texas history. Moving to California, Ira was active in transforming …
Date: July 15, 2011
Creator: Alexander, Bob
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Texas Attorney General Opinion: GA-0339 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: GA-0339

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Greg Abbott, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification: Whether the Live Oak Treaty of 1838 is still a binding agreement (RQ-0310-GA)
Date: July 18, 2005
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: WW-1094 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: WW-1094

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Will Wilson, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification: Validity of a provision in a deed to a school district that if the property is sold the proceeds above the purchase price paid by the school district shall be divided between the school and its grantor under the facts stated and related question.
Date: July 24, 1961
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History

Texas Rangers: Lives, Legend, and Legacy

Access: Use of this item is restricted to the UNT Community
Authors Bob Alexander and Donaly E. Brice grappled with several issues when deciding how to relate a general history of the Texas Rangers. Should emphasis be placed on their frontier defense against Indians, or focus more on their role as guardians of the peace and statewide law enforcers? What about the tumultuous Mexican Revolution period, 1910-1920? And how to deal with myths and legends such as One Riot, One Ranger? Texas Rangers: Lives, Legend, and Legacy is the authors’ answer to these questions, a one-volume history of the Texas Rangers. The authors begin with the earliest Rangers in the pre-Republic years in 1823 and take the story up through the Republic, Mexican War, and Civil War. Then, with the advent of the Frontier Battalion, the authors focus in detail on each company A through F, relating what was happening within each company concurrently. Thereafter, Alexander and Brice tell the famous episodes of the Rangers that forged their legend, and bring the story up through the twentieth century to the present day in the final chapters.
Date: July 2017
Creator: Alexander, Bob & Brice, Donaly E.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library

Texas Documents and Government Publications available in The Portal to Texas History

Presentation for the 2014 Cross Timbers Library Collaborative (CTLC) Annual Conference. This presentation discusses Texas documents and government publications available in The Portal to Texas History.
Date: July 25, 2014
Creator: Sittel, Robbie
Object Type: Presentation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Catalog of the University of North Texas, 2009-2010, Graduate (open access)

Catalog of the University of North Texas, 2009-2010, Graduate

The UNT Graduate Bulletin includes information about class offerings as well as "policies, regulations, procedures and fees in effect at the time [the] publication went to press" (p. 1). Campus maps are on pages 518 and 520; index starts on page 490.
Date: July 2009
Creator: University of North Texas
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Catalog of the University of North Texas, 2009-2010, Undergraduate (open access)

Catalog of the University of North Texas, 2009-2010, Undergraduate

The UNT Undergraduate Bulletin includes information about class offerings as well as "policies, regulations, procedures and fees in effect at the time [the] publication went to press" (p. 1). Campus maps are on pages 582 and 584; index starts on page 552.
Date: July 2009
Creator: University of North Texas
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library

The Ranger Ideal Volume 3: Texas Rangers in the Hall of Fame, 1898–1987

Access: Use of this item is restricted to the UNT Community
Established in Waco in 1968, the Texas Ranger Hall of Fame and Museum honors the iconic Texas Rangers, a service that has existed, in one form or another, since 1823. Thirty-one individuals—whose lives span more than two centuries—have been enshrined in the Texas Ranger Hall of Fame. They have become legendary symbols of Texas and the American West. In The Ranger Ideal Volume 3, Darren L. Ivey presents capsule biographies of the twelve inductees who served Texas in the twentieth century. In the first portion of the book, Ivey describes the careers of the “Big Four” Ranger captains—Will L. Wright, Frank Hamer, Tom R. Hickman, and Manuel “Lone Wolf” Gonzaullas—as well as those of Charles E. Miller and Marvin “Red” Burton. Ivey then moves into the mid-century and discusses Robert A. Crowder, John J. Klevenhagen, Clinton T. Peoples, and James E. Riddles. Ivey concludes with Bobby Paul Doherty and Stanley K. Guffey, both of whom gave their lives in the line of duty. Using primary records and reliable secondary sources, and rejecting apocryphal tales, The Ranger Ideal presents the true stories of these intrepid men who enforced the law with gallantry, grit, and guns. This Volume 3 is the finale …
Date: July 2021
Creator: Ivey, Darren L.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Freie Presse für Texas. (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 29, No. 3420, Ed. 1 Wednesday, July 5, 1893 (open access)

Freie Presse für Texas. (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 29, No. 3420, Ed. 1 Wednesday, July 5, 1893

Daily German-language newspaper from San Antonio, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: July 5, 1893
Creator: Hanschke, Robert
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Freie Presse für Texas. (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 29, No. 3423, Ed. 1 Saturday, July 8, 1893 (open access)

Freie Presse für Texas. (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 29, No. 3423, Ed. 1 Saturday, July 8, 1893

Daily German-language newspaper from San Antonio, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: July 8, 1893
Creator: Hanschke, Robert
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Freie Presse für Texas. (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 29, No. 3429, Ed. 1 Saturday, July 15, 1893 (open access)

Freie Presse für Texas. (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 29, No. 3429, Ed. 1 Saturday, July 15, 1893

Daily German-language newspaper from San Antonio, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: July 15, 1893
Creator: Hanschke, Robert
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Freie Presse für Texas. (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 29, No. 3432, Ed. 1 Wednesday, July 19, 1893 (open access)

Freie Presse für Texas. (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 29, No. 3432, Ed. 1 Wednesday, July 19, 1893

Daily German-language newspaper from San Antonio, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: July 19, 1893
Creator: Hanschke, Robert
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 569 (open access)

Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 569

Recorded copies of Travis County deeds, conveyances, and other muniments of title affecting ownership to real estate from July 1937 to September 1937, including warranty deeds, gift deeds, partition deeds, guardian deeds, quitclaim deeds, royalty deeds, various types of affidavits, appointments and resignations of trustees, trust indentures, transfers of liens, conveyances of liens, assignments of liens, subordination of liens, various types of partial releases, leases, easements, contracts of sale, bills of sale, homestead designations, various types of agreements, powers of attorney, revocations of powers of attorney, restrictions, removals of disabilities (minor, coveture), certified copies of probate proceedings, certified copies of divorce decrees (when real property is divided), extensions, options, rental divisions, and amended restrictions. Specific information includes instrument number, kind of instrument, date and place of execution, names of parties involved, amounts of principal and interest (when applicable), description of property, signatures of parties, and notarization. Also includes recording certificate, showing date filed, date recorded, and signature of county clerk or deputy. Arranged chronologically by date recorded.
Date: 1937-07/1937-09
Creator: Travis County (Tex.). Clerk's Office.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 297 - Deeds of Trust (open access)

Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 297 - Deeds of Trust

Recorded copies of deeds of trust used as mortgages or liens on real estate or improvements to real estate from July 1917 to November 1918. Shows date and place of execution; name of mortgagor; name of mortgagee; description of property involved; amount and terms of contract; signature of mortgagor; certificate of acknowledgment; and recording certificate, showing date filed, date recorded, and signature of county clerk or deputy. Also includes agreement that third party (named trustee) may in case of default advertise and sell the land encumbered to the highest bidder and apply proceeds to liquidation of lien. Arranged chronologically by date recorded.
Date: 1917-07/1918-11
Creator: Travis County (Tex.). Clerk's Office.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
Travis County Probate Records: Probate Minutes 46 (open access)

Travis County Probate Records: Probate Minutes 46

Travis County probate minutes documenting probate cases from July 1921 to April 1922. Recorded copies of proceedings of the county court sitting as a probate court in cases involving estates of deceased individuals. Shows term of court, date of proceedings, names of officers present, subject of hearing, names of interested parties present, orders of the court, signed approval of county judge, and clerk's attestation. Arranged chronologically by date recorded.
Date: 1921-07/1922-04
Creator: Travis County (Tex.). Clerk's Office.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
Travis County Probate Records: Probate Minutes 60 (open access)

Travis County Probate Records: Probate Minutes 60

Travis County probate minutes documenting probate cases from July 1928 to March 1929. Recorded copies of proceedings of the county court sitting as a probate court in cases involving estates of deceased individuals. Shows term of court, date of proceedings, names of officers present, subject of hearing, names of interested parties present, orders of the court, signed approval of county judge, and clerk's attestation. Arranged chronologically by date recorded.
Date: 1928-07/1929-03
Creator: Travis County (Tex.). Clerk's Office.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 219 - Real Estate Mortgages (open access)

Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 219 - Real Estate Mortgages

Recorded copies of Travis County deeds, conveyances, and other muniments of title affecting ownership to real estate from July 1909 to March 1911. Real estate mortgages include recorded copies of deeds of trust used as mortgages or liens on real estate or improvements to real estate. Shows date and place of execution; name of mortgagor; name of mortgagee; description of property involved; amount and terms of contract; signature of mortgagor; certificate of acknowledgment; and recording certificate, showing date filed, date recorded, and signature of county clerk or deputy. Also includes agreement that third party (named trustee) may in case of default advertise and sell the land encumbered to the highest bidder and apply proceeds to liquidation of lien. Arranged chronologically by date recorded.
Date: 1909-07/1911-03
Creator: Travis County (Tex.). Clerk's Office.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 482 (open access)

Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 482

Recorded copies of Travis County deeds, conveyances, and other muniments of title affecting ownership to real estate from July 1932 to September 1932, including warranty deeds, gift deeds, partition deeds, guardian deeds, quitclaim deeds, royalty deeds, various types of affidavits, appointments and resignations of trustees, trust indentures, transfers of liens, conveyances of liens, assignments of liens, subordination of liens, various types of partial releases, leases, easements, contracts of sale, bills of sale, homestead designations, various types of agreements, powers of attorney, revocations of powers of attorney, restrictions, removals of disabilities (minor, coveture), certified copies of probate proceedings, certified copies of divorce decrees (when real property is divided), extensions, options, rental divisions, and amended restrictions. Specific information includes instrument number, kind of instrument, date and place of execution, names of parties involved, amounts of principal and interest (when applicable), description of property, signatures of parties, and notarization. Also includes recording certificate, showing date filed, date recorded, and signature of county clerk or deputy. Arranged chronologically by date recorded.
Date: 1932-07/1932-09
Creator: Travis County (Tex.). Clerk's Office.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 621 (open access)

Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 621

Recorded copies of Travis County deeds, conveyances, and other muniments of title affecting ownership to real estate from June 1939 to August 1939, including warranty deeds, gift deeds, partition deeds, guardian deeds, quitclaim deeds, royalty deeds, various types of affidavits, appointments and resignations of trustees, trust indentures, transfers of liens, conveyances of liens, assignments of liens, subordination of liens, various types of partial releases, leases, easements, contracts of sale, bills of sale, homestead designations, various types of agreements, powers of attorney, revocations of powers of attorney, restrictions, removals of disabilities (minor, coveture), certified copies of probate proceedings, certified copies of divorce decrees (when real property is divided), extensions, options, rental divisions, and amended restrictions. Specific information includes instrument number, kind of instrument, date and place of execution, names of parties involved, amounts of principal and interest (when applicable), description of property, signatures of parties, and notarization. Also includes recording certificate, showing date filed, date recorded, and signature of county clerk or deputy. Arranged chronologically by date recorded.
Date: 1939-07/1939-08
Creator: Travis County (Tex.). Clerk's Office.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 496 (open access)

Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 496

Recorded copies of Travis County deeds, conveyances, and other muniments of title affecting ownership to real estate from July 1933 to December 1933, including warranty deeds, gift deeds, partition deeds, guardian deeds, quitclaim deeds, royalty deeds, various types of affidavits, appointments and resignations of trustees, trust indentures, transfers of liens, conveyances of liens, assignments of liens, subordination of liens, various types of partial releases, leases, easements, contracts of sale, bills of sale, homestead designations, various types of agreements, powers of attorney, revocations of powers of attorney, restrictions, removals of disabilities (minor, coveture), certified copies of probate proceedings, certified copies of divorce decrees (when real property is divided), extensions, options, rental divisions, and amended restrictions. Specific information includes instrument number, kind of instrument, date and place of execution, names of parties involved, amounts of principal and interest (when applicable), description of property, signatures of parties, and notarization. Also includes recording certificate, showing date filed, date recorded, and signature of county clerk or deputy. Arranged chronologically by date recorded.
Date: 1933-07/1933-12
Creator: Travis County (Tex.). Clerk's Office.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 680 (open access)

Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 680

Recorded copies of Travis County deeds, conveyances, and other muniments of title affecting ownership to real estate from July 1941 to September 1941, including warranty deeds, gift deeds, partition deeds, guardian deeds, quitclaim deeds, royalty deeds, various types of affidavits, appointments and resignations of trustees, trust indentures, transfers of liens, conveyances of liens, assignments of liens, subordination of liens, various types of partial releases, leases, easements, contracts of sale, bills of sale, homestead designations, various types of agreements, powers of attorney, revocations of powers of attorney, restrictions, removals of disabilities (minor, coveture), certified copies of probate proceedings, certified copies of divorce decrees (when real property is divided), extensions, options, rental divisions, and amended restrictions. Specific information includes instrument number, kind of instrument, date and place of execution, names of parties involved, amounts of principal and interest (when applicable), description of property, signatures of parties, and notarization. Also includes recording certificate, showing date filed, date recorded, and signature of county clerk or deputy. Arranged chronologically by date recorded.
Date: 1941-07/1941-09
Creator: Travis County (Tex.). Clerk's Office.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 222 - Mechanics Liens (open access)

Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 222 - Mechanics Liens

Recorded copies of liens filed by individuals or firms (lumber dealers, corporations, artisans, laborers, mechanics, or subcontractors) who provide labor or furnish materials to construct or repair houses, buildings, or levees, or for construction and repair of railroads, to insure payment for goods or services rendered, from July 1907 to October 1909. Shows county; names of contracting parties; type of construction or repairs to be completed; tract of land where improvement or construction to be made; contractual terms; date witnessed or executed; signatures of parties; notarization; and recording certificate, showing date filed, date recorded, and signature of county clerk or deputy. Some contracts also include assignment of liens to financial institutions. Arranged chronologically by date recorded.
Date: 1907-07/1909-10
Creator: Travis County (Tex.). Clerk's Office.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 623 (open access)

Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 623

Recorded copies of Travis County deeds, conveyances, and other muniments of title affecting ownership to real estate from July 1939 to October 1939, including warranty deeds, gift deeds, partition deeds, guardian deeds, quitclaim deeds, royalty deeds, various types of affidavits, appointments and resignations of trustees, trust indentures, transfers of liens, conveyances of liens, assignments of liens, subordination of liens, various types of partial releases, leases, easements, contracts of sale, bills of sale, homestead designations, various types of agreements, powers of attorney, revocations of powers of attorney, restrictions, removals of disabilities (minor, coveture), certified copies of probate proceedings, certified copies of divorce decrees (when real property is divided), extensions, options, rental divisions, and amended restrictions. Specific information includes instrument number, kind of instrument, date and place of execution, names of parties involved, amounts of principal and interest (when applicable), description of property, signatures of parties, and notarization. Also includes recording certificate, showing date filed, date recorded, and signature of county clerk or deputy. Arranged chronologically by date recorded.
Date: 1939-07/1939-10
Creator: Travis County (Tex.). Clerk's Office.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 549 (open access)

Travis County Deed Records: Deed Record 549

Recorded copies of Travis County deeds, conveyances, and other muniments of title affecting ownership to real estate from July 1936 to November 1936, including warranty deeds, gift deeds, partition deeds, guardian deeds, quitclaim deeds, royalty deeds, various types of affidavits, appointments and resignations of trustees, trust indentures, transfers of liens, conveyances of liens, assignments of liens, subordination of liens, various types of partial releases, leases, easements, contracts of sale, bills of sale, homestead designations, various types of agreements, powers of attorney, revocations of powers of attorney, restrictions, removals of disabilities (minor, coveture), certified copies of probate proceedings, certified copies of divorce decrees (when real property is divided), extensions, options, rental divisions, and amended restrictions. Specific information includes instrument number, kind of instrument, date and place of execution, names of parties involved, amounts of principal and interest (when applicable), description of property, signatures of parties, and notarization. Also includes recording certificate, showing date filed, date recorded, and signature of county clerk or deputy. Arranged chronologically by date recorded.
Date: 1936-07/1936-11
Creator: Travis County (Tex.). Clerk's Office.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History