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CARBON DIOXIDE MITIGATION THROUGH CONTROLLED PHOTOSYNTHESIS
This research was undertaken to meet the need for a robust portfolio of carbon management options to ensure continued use of coal in electrical power generation. In response to this need, the Ohio Coal Research Center at Ohio University developed a novel technique to control the emissions of CO{sub 2} from fossil-fired power plants by growing organisms capable of converting CO{sub 2} to complex sugars through the process of photosynthesis. Once harvested, the organisms could be used in the production of fertilizer, as a biomass fuel, or fermented to produce alcohols. In this work, a mesophilic organism, Nostoc 86-3, was examined with respect to the use of thermophilic algae to recycle CO{sub 2} from scrubbed stack gases. The organisms were grown on stationary surfaces to facilitate algal stability and promote light distribution. The testing done throughout the year examined properties of CO{sub 2} concentration, temperature, light intensity, and light duration on process viability and the growth of the Nostoc. The results indicate that the Nostoc species is suitable only in a temperature range below 125 F, which may be practical given flue gas cooling. Further, results indicate that high lighting levels are not suitable for this organism, as bleaching occurs …
Date:
October 1, 2000
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Agriculture: A List of Websites
This list provides a sampling of the rapidly proliferating number of agricultural resources available on the Internet. It is not intended to be exhaustive. It is divided into 27 categories.
Date:
January 18, 2000
Creator:
Canada, Carol
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Central Waste Complex (CWC) Safety Equipment List
This document lists all safety equipment for the Central Waste Complex, per HNF-PRO-704. This document provides a list of structures, systems, and components that are essential to the continuing safe operation of the Central Waste Complex, as designated by the applicable facility management and the cognizant engineer.
Date:
January 20, 2000
Creator:
Whitlock, R. W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Results of Vapor Space Monitoring of Flammable Gas Watch List Tanks
This report documents the measurement of headspace gas concentrations and monitoring results from the Hanford tanks that have continuous flammable gas monitoring. The systems used to monitor the tanks are Standard Hydrogen Monitoring Systems. Further characterization of the tank off-gases was done with Gas Characterization systems and vapor grab samples. The background concentrations of all tanks are below the action level of 6250 ppm. Other information which can be derived from the measurements (such as generation rate, released rate, and ventilation rate) is also discussed.
Date:
September 27, 2000
Creator:
McCain, D. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Image properties of list mode likelihood reconstruction for a rectangular positron emission mammography with DOI measurements
A positron emission mammography scanner is under development at our Laboratory. The tomograph has a rectangular geometry consisting of four banks of detector modules. For each detector, the system can measure the depth of interaction information inside the crystal. The rectangular geometry leads to irregular radial and angular sampling and spatially variant sensitivity that are different from conventional PET systems. Therefore, it is of importance to study the image properties of the reconstructions. We adapted the theoretical analysis that we had developed for conventional PET systems to the list mode likelihood reconstruction for this tomograph. The local impulse response and covariance of the reconstruction can be easily computed using FFT. These theoretical results are also used with computer observer models to compute the signal-to-noise ratio for lesion detection. The analysis reveals the spatially variant resolution and noise properties of the list mode likelihood reconstruction. The theoretical predictions are in good agreement with Monte Carlo results.
Date:
October 1, 2000
Creator:
Qi, Jinyi; Klein, Gregory J. & Huesman, Ronald H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Data Observations on Double Shell Tank (DST) Flammable Gas Watch List Tank Behavior
This report provides the data from the retained gas sampler, void fraction instrument, ball rheometer, standard hydrogen monitoring system, and other tank data pertinent to gas retention and release behavior in the waste stored in double-shelled Flammable Gas Watch List tanks at Hanford. These include tanks 241-AN-103,241-AN-104, 241-AN-105, 241-AW-101, 241-SY-101, and 241-SY-103. The tanks and the waste they contain are described in terms of fill history and chemistry. The results of mixer pump operation and recent waste transfers and back-dilution in SY-101 are also described. In-situ measurement and monitoring systems are described and the data are summarized under the categories of thermal behavior, waste configuration and properties, gas generation and composition, gas retention and historical gas release behavior.
Date:
September 28, 2000
Creator:
HEDENGREN, D.C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Long term drift studies of Sandia H{sub 2} sensor in reducing atmospheres
A study of the drift in Pd/Ni alloy hydrogen sensitive resistor and transistor responses is presented. The sensors were monitored for a period of 6 months in a reducing atmosphere of 0.1% H{sub 2} in N{sub 2} with periodic calibration exposures. A comparison of a resistor film with an adhesion layer showed considerable improvement in diminishing the drift.
Date:
April 1, 2000
Creator:
JENKINS,MARK W.; HUGHES,ROBERT C. & PATEL,SANJAY V.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
DETERMINATION OF IMPORTANCE EVALUATION FOR THE SURFACE EXPLORATORY STUDIES FACILITY
This DIE applies to the surface facilities component of the Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project (W) ESF. The ESF complex-including surface and subsurface accommodations--encompasses an area that is approximately six miles wide and nine miles long (approximately 30,000 acres total) (United States Department of Energy [DOE] 1997, p. 9.04). It is located on federally withdrawn lands, near the southwest border of the Nevada Test Site (NTS) in southern Nevada (DOE 1997, p. 9.04). Site characterization activities are conducted within the subsurface ESF to obtain the information necessary to determine whether the Yucca Mountain Site is suitable as a geologic repository for spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste. Most ESF surface facilities are located within the Conceptual Controlled Area Boundary (CCAB) (DOE 1997, p. 9.04), with the exception of the southeastern most portions of the H-Road and the Water Supply System. Various SBT activities are also conducted throughout the Yucca Mountain region as a part of the overall site-characterization effort. In general, the DIE for SBT Activities (Civilian Radioactive Waste Management System [CRWMS] Management and Operating Contractor [M&O] 1998a) evaluates activities associated with SBT. Potential test-to-test interference and waste isolation impacts associated with SBT activities are also evaluated in CRWMS …
Date:
July 25, 2000
Creator:
Byrne, C.J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of hazardous biological material by MALDI mass spectrometry
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) has become a valuable tool for analyzing microorganisms. The speed with which data can be obtained from MALDI-MS makes this a potentially important tool for biological health hazard monitoring and forensic applications. The excitement in the mass spectrometry community in this potential field of application is evident by the expanding list of research laboratories pursuing development of MALDI-MS for bacterial identification. Numerous research groups have demonstrated the ability to obtain unique MALDI-MS spectra from intact bacterial cells and bacterial cell extracts. The ability to differentiate strains of the same species has been investigated. Reproducibility of MALDI-MS spectra from bacterial species under carefully controlled experimental conditions has also been demonstrated. Wang et al. have reported on interlaboratory reproducibility of the MALDI-MS analysis of several bacterial species. However, there are still issues that need to be addressed, including the careful control of experimental parameters for reproducible spectra and selection of optimal experimental parameters such as solvent and matrix.
Date:
March 21, 2000
Creator:
Wahl, K. L.; Jarman, K. H.; Valentine, N. B.; Kingsley, M. T.; Petersen, C. E.; Cebula, S. T. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Initial operation of NSTX with plasma control
First plasma, with a maximum current of 300kA, was achieved on NSTX in February 1999. These results were obtained using preprogrammed coil currents. The first controlled plasmas on NSTX were made starting in August 1999 with the full 1MA plasma current achieved in December 1999. The controlled quantities were plasma position (R, Z) and current (Ip). Variations in the plasma shape are achieved by adding preprogrammed currents to those determined by the control parameters. The control system is fully digital, with plasma position and current control, data acquisition, and power supply control all occurring in the same four-processor real time computer. The system uses the PCS (Plasma Control Software) system designed at General Atomics. Modular control algorithms, specific to NSTX, were written and incorporated into the PCS. The application algorithms do the actual control calculations, with the PCS handling data passing. The control system, including planned upgrades, will be described, along with results of the initial controlled plasma operations. Analysis of the performance of the control system will also be presented.
Date:
June 13, 2000
Creator:
Gates, D.; Bell, M.; Ferron, J.; Kaye, S.; Menard, J.; Mueller, D. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF) Startup Plan to Operations
This plan defines the approach that will be used to ensure the transition from initial startup to normal operations of the SNF operations--are performed in a safe, controlled, and deliberate manner. It provides a phased approach that bridges the operations between the completion of the ORR and the return to normal operations. This plan includes management oversight and administrative controls to be implemented and then reduced in a controlled manner until normal operations are authorized by SNF Management.
Date:
October 11, 2000
Creator:
GREGORY, J.R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Canister Storage Building (CSB) Hazard Analysis Report
This report describes the methodology used in conducting the Canister Storage Building (CSB) Hazard Analysis to support the final CSB Safety Analysis Report and documents the results. This report describes the methodology used in conducting the Canister Storage Building (CSB) hazard analysis to support the CSB final safety analysis report (FSAR) and documents the results. The hazard analysis process identified hazardous conditions and material-at-risk, determined causes for potential accidents, identified preventive and mitigative features, and qualitatively estimated the frequencies and consequences of specific occurrences. The hazard analysis was performed by a team of cognizant CSB operations and design personnel, safety analysts familiar with the CSB, and technical experts in specialty areas. The material included in this report documents the final state of a nearly two-year long process. Attachment A provides two lists of hazard analysis team members and describes the background and experience of each. The first list is a complete list of the hazard analysis team members that have been involved over the two-year long process. The second list is a subset of the first list and consists of those hazard analysis team members that reviewed and agreed to the final hazard analysis documentation. The material included in this …
Date:
March 16, 2000
Creator:
Powers, T. B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Definition and Means of Maintaining the Criticality Prevention Design Features Portion of the PFP Safety Envelope
The purpose of this document is to record the technical evaluation of the Operational Safety Requirements described in the Plutonium Finishing Plant Final (PFP) Operational Safety Requirements, WHC-SD-CP-OSR-010. Rev. 0-N , Section 3.1.1, ''Criticality Prevention System.'' This document, with its appendices, provides the following: (1) The results of a review of Criticality Safety Analysis Reports (CSAR), later called Criticality Safety Evaluation Reports (CSER), and Criticality Prevention Specifications (CPS) to determine which equipment or components analyzed in the CSER or CPS are considered as one of the two unlikely, independent, and concurrent changes before a criticality accident is possible. (2) Evaluations of equipment or components to determine the safety boundary for the system (Section 4). (3) A list of essential drawings that show the safety system or component (Appendix A). (4) A list of the safety envelope (SE) equipment (Appendix B). (5) Functional requirements for the individual safety envelope equipment (Sections 3 and 4). (6) A list of the operational and surveillance procedures necessary to maintain the system equipment within the safety envelope (Section 5).
Date:
July 28, 2000
Creator:
Ramble, A. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
CLASSIFICATION OF THE MGR WASTE PACKAGE REMEDIATION SYSTEM
The purpose of this analysis is to document the Quality Assurance (QA) classification of the Monitored Geologic Repository (MGR) waste package remediation system structures, systems, and components (SSCs) performed by the MGR Preclosure Safety and Systems Engineering Section. This analysis also provides the basis for revision of YMP/90-55Q, Q-List (YMP 2000). The Q-List identifies those MGR SSCs subject to the requirements of DOE/RW-0333P7 ''Quality Assurance Requirements and Description'' (QARD) (DOE 2000).
Date:
November 2, 2000
Creator:
Ziegler, J. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Implementation and testing of a fault detection software tool for improving control system performance in a large commercial building
This paper describes a model-based, feedforward control scheme that can detect faults in the controlled process and improve control performance over traditional PID control. The tool uses static simulation models of the system under control to generate feed-forward control action, which acts as a reference of correct operation. Faults that occur in the system cause discrepancies between the feedforward models and the controlled process. The scheme facilitates detection of faults by monitoring the level of these discrepancies. We present results from the first phase of tests on a dual-duct air-handling unit installed in a large office building in San Francisco. We demonstrate the ability of the tool to detect a number of preexisting faults in the system and discuss practical issues related to implementation.
Date:
May 1, 2000
Creator:
Salsbury, T.I. & Diamond, R.C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Oral History Interview with John Reas, November 17, 2000
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with John Reas. Reas grew up in Indiana and Ohio and enlisted in the Navy in 1938. After training, he boarded the USS Houston (CA-30) at Charleston, South Carolina. He was assigned to the aviation unit. On February 28, 1942, he survived the bombing and sinking of the ship. He and other survivors in life rafts were picked up by the Japanese the next day and taken to Java as a prisoner of war. He was taken to a ship and then back to an island, where he met survivors of the Australian ship HMAS Perth (D29). They were moved from Serang to Batavia. He was told to record the POW's occupations and those idenitified as skilled were sent to Japan. Inspired by this, he kept a detailed and complete list of the survivors that he kept hidden. From Java, the survivors are put on a cargo ship to Singapore. Then they went to Pynang by train. He then boarded another ship to Burma. Allied forces bombed a ship next to Reas. He describes living in bamboo huts while building the railroad. During one of the routine abuses in …
Date:
November 17, 2000
Creator:
Reas, John
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The Portal to Texas History
CLASSIFICATION OF THE MGR WASTE EMPLACEMENT/RETRIEVAL SYSTEM
The purpose of this analysis is to document the Quality Assurance (QA) classification of the Monitored Geologic Repository (MGR) waste emplacement/retrieved system structures, systems and components (SSCs) performed by the MGR Preclosure Safety and Systems Engineering Section. This analysis also provides the basis for revision of YMP/90-55Q, Q-List (YMP 2000). The Q-List identifies those MGR SSCs subject to the requirements of DOE/RW-0333P, Quality Assurance Requirements and Description (QARD) (DOE 2000). This QA classification incorporates the current MGR design and the results of the ''Design Basis Event Frequency and Dose Calculation for Site Recommendation'' (CRWMS M&O 2000a). The content and technical approach of this analysis is in accordance with the development plan ''QA Classification of MGR Structures, Systems, and Components'' (CRWMS M&O 1999b).
Date:
November 8, 2000
Creator:
Ziegler, J. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Grid-based asynchronous migration of execution context in Java virtual machines
Previous research efforts for building thread migration systems have concentrated on the development of frameworks dealing with a small local environment controlled by a single user. Computational Grids provide the opportunity to utilize a large-scale environment controlled over different organizational boundaries. Using this class of large-scale computational resources as part of a thread migration system provides a significant challenge previously not addressed by this community. In this paper the authors present a framework that integrates Grid services to enhance the functionality of a thread migration system. To accommodate future Grid services, the design of the framework is both flexible and extensible. Currently, the thread migration system contains Grid services for authentication, registration, lookup, and automatic software installation. In the context of distributed applications executed on a Grid-based infrastructure, the asynchronous migration of an execution context can help solve problems such as remote execution, load balancing, and the development of mobile agents. The prototype is based on the migration of Java threads, allowing asynchronous and heterogeneous migration of the execution context of the running code.
Date:
June 15, 2000
Creator:
von Laszewski, G.; Shudo, K. & Muraoka, Y.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
CLASSIFICATION OF THE MGR WASTE HANDLING BUILDING VENTILATION SYSTEM
The purpose of this analysis is to document the Quality Assurance (QA) classification of the Monitored Geologic Repository (MGR) waste handling building ventilation system structures, systems and components (SSCs) performed by the MGR Preclosure Safety and Systems Engineering Section. This analysis also provides the basis for revision of YMP/90-55Q, Q-List (YMP 2000). The Q-List identifies those MGR SSCs subject to the requirements of DOE/RW-0333P, ''Quality Assurance Requirements and Description'' (QARD) (DOE 2000). This QA classification incorporates the current MGR design and the results of the ''Design Basis Event Frequency and Dose Calculation for Site Recommendation'' (CRWMS M&O 2000a) and ''Bounding Individual Category 1 Design Basis Event Dose Calculation to Support Quality Assurance Classification'' (Gwyn 2000).
Date:
November 2, 2000
Creator:
Ziegler, J. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Oral History Interview with John Reas, November 17, 2000
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with John Reas. Reas grew up in Indiana and Ohio and enlisted in the Navy in 1938. After training, he boarded the USS Houston (CA-30) at Charleston, South Carolina. He was assigned to the aviation unit. On February 28, 1942, he survived the bombing and sinking of the ship. He and other survivors in life rafts were picked up by the Japanese the next day and taken to Java as a prisoner of war. He was taken to a ship and then back to an island, where he met survivors of the Australian ship HMAS Perth (D29). They were moved from Serang to Batavia. He was told to record the POW's occupations and those idenitified as skilled were sent to Japan. Inspired by this, he kept a detailed and complete list of the survivors that he kept hidden. From Java, the survivors are put on a cargo ship to Singapore. Then they went to Pynang by train. He then boarded another ship to Burma. Allied forces bombed a ship next to Reas. He describes living in bamboo huts while building the railroad. During one of the routine abuses in …
Date:
November 17, 2000
Creator:
Reas, John
Object Type:
Text
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Final Report: Illinois Institjute of Technology Antifoam Recommendation to SRTC
This report is a summary of the basic research necessary to understand the cause of foaming in the Small Tank Tetraphenylborate Process (STTP) and to develop a short list of antifoaming and defoaming agents.
Date:
October 17, 2000
Creator:
Lambert, D. P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Export Controls: Challenges and Changes For Controls on Computer Exports
Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO discussed export controls for high performance computers, focusing on how the executive branch: (1) assesses the national security risks associated with the export of high performance computers going to countries of concern; (2) determines when the exports of computers at existing performance levels can no longer be controlled; and (3) has addressed arrangements for post-shipment verifications of high performance computer exports."
Date:
May 26, 2000
Creator:
United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
NATURAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT
The purpose of this report is to summarize the scientific work that was performed to evaluate and assess the occurrence and economic potential of natural resources within the geologic setting of the Yucca Mountain area. The extent of the regional areas of investigation for each commodity differs and those areas are described in more detail in the major subsections of this report. Natural resource assessments have focused on an area defined as the ''conceptual controlled area'' because of the requirements contained in the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Regulation, 10 CFR Part 60, to define long-term boundaries for potential radionuclide releases. New requirements (proposed 10 CFR Part 63 [Dyer 1999]) have obviated the need for defining such an area. However, for the purposes of this report, the area being discussed, in most cases, is the previously defined ''conceptual controlled area'', now renamed the ''natural resources site study area'' for this report (shown on Figure 1). Resource potential can be difficult to assess because it is dependent upon many factors, including economics (demand, supply, cost), the potential discovery of new uses for resources, or the potential discovery of synthetics to replace natural resource use. The evaluations summarized are based on present-day use …
Date:
December 11, 2000
Creator:
Fenster, D.F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Workshop on Molecule Assisted Recombination and Other Processes in Fusion Divertor Plasmas
A brief proceedings of the two-day Workshop on Molecule Assisted Recombination and Other Processes in Fusion Divertor Plasmas, organized by the ORNL Controlled Fusion Atomic Data Center on September 8-9, 2000, is presented. The conclusions and recommendations of the workshop regarding the topics discussed and the collaboration of the U.S. fusion research and atomic physics communities are also summarized.
Date:
November 9, 2000
Creator:
Janev, R.K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library