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367 Matching Results
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Fixed bed gasification for production of industrial fuel gas
This report summarizes the results of technical and economic evaluations of six commercially available, fixed-bed coal gasification processes for the production of industrial fuel gas. The study was performed for DOE and is intended to assist industrial companies in exploring the feasibility of producing gaseous fuels for both retrofit and new industrial plant situations. The report includes a technical analysis of the physical configuration, performance capabilities, and commercial experiments to-date for both air-blown and oxygen-blown fixed bed gasifiers. The product gas from these gasifiers is analyzed economically for three different degrees of cleanliness: (1) hot raw gas, (2) dust-, tar-, and oil-free gas, and (3) dust-, tar-, oil-free and desulfurized gas. The evaluations indicate that low-Btu gases produced from fixed bed gasifiers constitute one of the most logical short-term solutions for helping ease the shortage of natural gas for industrial fuel applications because the technology is well-proven and has been utilized on a commercial scale for several decades both in this country and overseas; time from initiation of design to commercial operation is about two years; the technology is not complicated to construct, operate, or maintain; and a reliable supply of product gas can be generated on-site. The advantages and …
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Building 431 fire tests
An extensive discussion of considerations for fire protection in the LLL mirror fusion test facility (MFTF) is presented. Because of the large volume and high bays of the building, sufficient data on fire detection is unavailable. Results of fire detection tests using controlled fire sources in the building are presented. Extensive data concerning the behavior of the building atmosphere are included. Candidate fire detection instrumentation and extinguishing systems for use in the building are briefly reviewed. (RME)
Date:
October 24, 1977
Creator:
Alvares, N. J.; Beason, D. G.; Ford, H. W. & Magee, M. W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Site-Specific Analysis of Geothermal Development-Data Files of Prospective Sites
This document presents site-specific data and sample development schedules for the first plant on line at 30 hydrothermal and 7 geopressured prospective sites (prospects) that are believed to be suited for supporting the geothermal generation of electricity. This report includes many prospects from an earlier METREK report on geothermal development scenarios. The list has been augmented with other sites chosen as development prospects by the division of Geothermal Energy (DGE) of the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA). The DGE additions include a general area called ''Cascade Range''. METREK has chosen the following specific Cascade Range Sites in place of that general area: Baker Hot Springs, Mount Hood, Lassen and Glass Mountain/ Diablo. All the prospects have been selected on the basis of current knowledge of hydrothermal and geopressured resources. The selection is intended for program planning purposes. Neither METREK nor the Federal government warrants that any of these sites will necessarily be developed, nor does their selection necessarily imply any commitment on the part of the Federal government to their development. [DJE-2005]
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
Williams, F.; Cohen, A.; Pfundstein, R. & Pond, S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Pacific Northwest laboratory report on fusion energy research, July 1977--September 1977
Separate abstracts were prepared for the 3 included sections. (MOW)
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Solar Total Energy System, Large Scale Experiment, Shenandoah, Georgia. Final technical progress report. Volume II, Section 3. Facility concept design. [1. 72 MW thermal and 383. 6 kW electric power for 42,000 ft/sup 2/ knitwear plant]
The Stearns-Roger Engineering Company conceptual design of ERDA's Large Scale Experiment No. 2 (LSE No. 2) is presented. The various LSEs are part of ERDA's Solar Total Energy Program (STES) and a separate activity of the National Solar Thermal Power Systems Program. The object of this LSE is to design, construct, test, evaluate and operate a STES for the purpose of obtaining experience with large scale hardware systems and to establish engineering capability for subsequent demonstration projects. This particular LSE is to be located at Shenandoah, Georgia, and will provide power to the Bleyle knitwear factory. The Solar Total Energy system is sized to supply 1.720 MW thermal power and 383.6 KW electrical power. The STES is sized for the extended knitwear plant of 3902 M/sup 2/ (42,000 sq-ft) which will eventually employ 300 people. The details of studies conducted for Phase II of the Solar Total Energy System (STES) for the conceptual design requirements of the facility are presented. Included in this section are the detailed descriptions and analyses of the following subtasks: facility concept design, system concept design, performance analysis, operation plan, component and subsystem development, procurement plan, cost estimating and scheduling, and technical and management plans. (WHK)
Date:
October 17, 1977
Creator:
None,
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Central receiver solar thermal power system, Phase 1. CDRL item 2. Pilot plant preliminary design report. Volume VI. Electrical power generation and master control subsystems and balance of plant
The requirements, performance, and subsystem configuration for both the Commercial and Pilot Plant electrical power generation subsystems (EPGS) and balance of plants are presented. The EPGS for both the Commercial Plant and Pilot Plant make use of conventional, proven equipment consistent with good power plant design practices in order to minimize risk and maximize reliability. The basic EPGS cycle selected is a regenerative cycle that uses a single automatic admission, condensing, tandem-compound double-flow turbine. Specifications, performance data, drawings, and schematics are included. (WHK)
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
Hallet, Jr., R. W. & Gervais, R. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Metal vapor excimer laser. Quarterly progress report, May 1, 1977--July 31, 1977. [CdHg vapors]
The CdHg excimer program will attempt to determine the existence of optical gain in a discharge pumped high temperature medium. This first quarterly contract period primarily involves detailed design of the experimental apparatus capable of producing high temperature metal vapor. The report begins with the general considerations which went into designing the experiment and follows with descriptions and schematics of the experiment as presently conceived.
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
Kovacs, M A & Jacob, J H
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Topical report on sources and systems for aquatic plant biomass as an energy resource
Background information is documented on the mass cultivation of aquatic plants and systems design that is available from the literature and through consultation with active research scientists and engineers. The biology of microalgae, macroalgae, and aquatic angiosperms is discussed in terms of morphology, life history, mode of existence, and ecological significance, as they relate to cultivation. The requirements for growth of these plants, which are outlined in the test, suggest that productivity rates are dependent primarily on the availability of light and nutrients. It is concluded that the systems should be run with an excess of nutrients and with light as the limiting factor. A historical review of the mass cultivation of aquatic plants describes the techniques used in commercial large-scale operations throughout the world and recent small-scale research efforts. This review presents information on the biomass yields that have been attained to date in various geographical locations with different plant species and culture conditions, emphasizing the contrast between high yields in small-scale operations and lower yields in large-scale operations.
Date:
October 21, 1977
Creator:
Goldman, J. C.; Ryther, J. H.; Waaland, R. & Wilson, E. H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
AITRAC: Augmented Interactive Transient Radiation Analysis by Computer. User's information manual
AITRAC is a program designed for on-line, interactive, DC, and transient analysis of electronic circuits. The program solves linear and nonlinear simultaneous equations which characterize the mathematical models used to predict circuit response. The program features 100 external node--200 branch capability; conversional, free-format input language; built-in junction, FET, MOS, and switch models; sparse matrix algorithm with extended-precision H matrix and T vector calculations, for fast and accurate execution; linear transconductances: beta, GM, MU, ZM; accurate and fast radiation effects analysis; special interface for user-defined equations; selective control of multiple outputs; graphical outputs in wide and narrow formats; and on-line parameter modification capability. The user describes the problem by entering the circuit topology and part parameters. The program then automatically generates and solves the circuit equations, providing the user with printed or plotted output. The circuit topology and/or part values may then be changed by the user, and a new analysis, requested. Circuit descriptions may be saved on disk files for storage and later use. The program contains built-in standard models for resistors, voltage and current sources, capacitors, inductors including mutual couplings, switches, junction diodes and transistors, FETS, and MOS devices. Nonstandard models may be constructed from standard models or by …
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Central receiver solar thermal power system, Phase 1. CDRL Item 2. Pilot plant preliminary design report. Volume V. Thermal storage subsystem. [Sensible heat storage using Caloria HT43 and mixture of gravel and sand]
The proposed 100-MWe Commercial Plant Thermal Storage System (TSS) employs sensible heat storage using dual liquid and solid media for the heat storage in each of four tanks, with the thermocline principle applied to provide high-temperature, extractable energy independent of the total energy stored. The 10-MW Pilot Plant employs a similar system except uses only a single tank. The high-temperature organic fluid Caloria HT43 and a rock mixture of river gravel and No. 6 silica sand were selected for heat storage in both systems. The system design, installation, performance testing, safety characteristics, and specifications are described in detail. (WHK)
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
Hallet, Jr., R. W. & Gervais, R. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Central receiver solar thermal power system. Phase 1. CDRL item 2; Pilot Plant preliminary design report. Volume II. System decription and system analysis
An active system analysis and integration effort has been maintained. These activities have included the transformation of initial program requirements into a preliminary system design, the evolution of subsystem requirements which lay the foundation for subsystem design and test activity, and the overseeing of the final preliminary design effort to ensure that the subsystems are operationally compatible and capable of producing electricity at the lowest possible cost per unit of energy. Volume II of the Preliminary Design Report presents the results of the overall system effort that went on during this contract. The effort is assumed to include not only the total system definition and design but also all subsystem interactions.
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
Hallet, Jr., R. W. & Gervais, R. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Engineering assessment of inactive uranium mill tailings, Rifle Site, Rifle, Colorado. Summary of the Phase II, Title I
Ford, Bacon and Davis Utah Inc. has performed an engineering assessment of the problems resulting from the existence of radioactive uranium mill tailings at Rifle, Colorado. The Phase II - Title I services include the preparation of topographic maps, the performance of core drillings and radiometric measurements sufficient to determine areas and volumes of tailings and other radium-contaminated materials, the evaluation of resulting radiation exposures of individuals and nearby populations, the investigation of site hydrology and meteorology and the evaluation and costing of alternative corrective actions. Radon gas release from the 3.1 million tons of tailings at the two Rifle sites, constitutes the most significant environmental impact. Windblown tailings, external gamma radiation and localized contamination of surface waters are other environmental effects. The 15 alternative remedial action options presented range from millsite decomtamination and off-site remedial action (Options I and IV), to adding various depths of stabilization cover material (Options II, V, VI, and VII), to removal of the tailings to long-term storage sites and decontamination of the present sites (Options III and VIII through XV). Cost estimates for the first 14 options range from $224,000 to $20,300,000. Option XV, estimated at $32,200,000, includes the cost for moving both Rifle …
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Establishment of the feasibility of a process capable of low cost, high volume production of silane (Phase I), and the pyrolysis of silane to semiconductor-grade silicon (Phase II). Low Cost Silicon Solar Array Project, Task I. Quarterly progress report, April--June 1977
The purpose of this program is to establish the practicality of a process for the high volume, low cost production of silane and its subsequent pyrolysis into a semi-conductive grade silicon metal. A small process develop unit for producing silane from dichlorosilane (DCS) using a tertiary amine functional ion exchange resin as a catalyst for a redistribution reaction has been operated successfully on what is now a routine basis. High quality silane has been produced in good yield and limiting equipment size has been identified. The silane gas product is essentially free of foreign compounds (to 5 ppM detection limit) and produces a silicon epitaxial film with a resistivity of 20 ohm cm and very strong ''N'' type character. Epi film quality was very good. The overall yield of silane was 92% of theory. The production rate, limited by the 2.66 cm diameter distillation column, was 112 g/hr. Design of a silicon tetrachloride (STC) hydrogenation reactor used to convert co-product STC to trichlorosilane has been completed and fabrication and installation are underway, as is a modification of the silane unit to permit use of trichlorosilane as feed, producing STC and silane. The production of silicon by the pyrolysis of silane …
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
Breneman, W. C.; Farrier, E. G.; Mui, J. Y. P. & Rexer, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Developing maintainability for tokamak fusion power systems. Phase I report. Volume II. Appendices
This volume contains the following appendices: (1) baseline large module time estimates, (2) baseline intermediate module time estimates, (3) baseline small module time estimates, (4) alternate concept estimates, (5) maintenance equipment concepts, (6) additional reactor design definition, and (7) TOCOMO supplements. (MOW)
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
Zahn, H. S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Technical and management support for the development of wind systems for farm, remote, and rural use. Annual report, October 1976--September 1977
During FY1977, the Test Center has been established and a total of eight WTG's have been mounted on towers for testing. At year end, five were undergoing tests, two had been returned to the manufacturers for retrofit of design improvement, and one had been destroyed in a wind storm. In addition, two WTG's were being assembled and prepared for testing and one machine was on order. Specific design improvements have been identified and implemented on two WTG's as a direct result of rf testing. The high-speed data acquisition system at the test center is not yet operational, though the hardware and software are both nearing completion. The system, when completed, will be capable of continuous monitoring of the performance of all the machines at the site as well as intensive testing for measurement of engineering data on any given WTG. Efforts under Task V (Standards Development) have resulted in an informal survey of the wind energy community's opinions on the direction Standards Development should take. Information dissemination has resulted in distribution of approximately 25,000 brochures, with a potential exposure of nearly 200,000 persons, construction of a traveling display, and continuous interface with local and national news media.
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Determination of acceptable risk criteria for nuclear waste management
The initial phase of the work performed during FY 1977 consisted of performing a ''scoping'' study to define issues, determine an optimal methodology for their resolution, and compile a data base for acceptable risk criteria development. The issues, spanning technical, psychological, and ethical dimensions, were categorized in seven major areas: (1) unplanned or accidental events, (2) present vs future risks, (3) institutional controls and retrievability, (4) dose-response mechanism and uncertainty, (5) spatial distribution of exposed populations, (6) different types of nuclear wastes, and (7) public perception. The optimum methodology for developing ARC was determined to be multi-attribute decision analysis encompassing numerous specific techniques for choosing, from among several alternatives, the optimal course of action when the alternatives are constrained to meet specified attributes. The data base developed during the study comprises existing regulations and guidelines, maximum permissible dose, natural geologic hazards, nonradioactive hazardous waste practices, bioethical perspectives, and data from an opinion survey.
Date:
October 21, 1977
Creator:
Cohen, J.J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Inertial confinement fusion (ICF). [Review of research progress]
The principal goal of the inertial confinement fusion program is the development of a practical fusion power plant in this century. Rapid progress has been made in the four major areas of ICF--targets, drivers, fusion experiments, and reactors. High gain targets have been designed. Laser, electron beam, and heavy ion accelerator drivers appear to be feasible. Record-breaking thermonuclear conditions have been experimentally achieved. Detailed diagnostics of laser implosions have confirmed predictions of the LASNEX computer program. Experimental facilities are being planned and constructed capable of igniting high gain fusion microexplosions in the mid 1980's. A low cost long lifetime reactor design has been developed.
Date:
October 12, 1977
Creator:
Nuckolls, J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Developing maintainability for tokamak fusion power systems. Phase I report. Volume I. Study results
The overall purpose of the study is to identify design features of tokamak fusion power reactors which contribute to the achievement of high levels of maintainability. In this first phase, the principal emphasis is on scheduled maintenance whose frequency is determined by the life of the reactor first wall/blanket. Remote operations are baselined. Five conceptual reactor designs have been analyzed. Each concept is characterized by the size of the replaceable first wall/blanket module--large, intermediate, small--and whether access to the module was from the outside of the reactor, the inside of the reactor or a combination of both. The study results are expressed in terms of availability (scheduled maintenance downtime), the costs of maintenance (capital and recurring) and the percent effect of maintenance on the cost of electricity. During this first phase, the study benefitted significantly by the critical review of the feasibility of maintenance functions and the time-to-perform estimates by numerous persons involved in nuclear maintenance and remote operations.
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
Zahn, H. S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Texas Attorney General Opinion: H-1070
Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, John L. Hill, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification: Validity of financial disclosure ordinance applying to officials and candidates in a home rule city.
Date:
October 12, 1977
Creator:
Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Selective absorption pilot plant for decontamination of fuel reprocessing plant off-gas
A fluorocarbon-based selective absorption process for removing krypton-85, carbon-14, and radon-222 from the off-gas of conventional light water and advanced reactor fuel reprocessing plants is being developed at the Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant in conjunction with fuel recycle work at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and at the Savannah River Laboratory. The process is characterized by an especially high tolerance for many other reprocessing plant off-gas components. This report presents detailed drawings and descriptions of the second generation development pilot plant as it has evolved after three years of operation. The test facility is designed on the basis of removing 99% of the feed gas krypton and 99.9% of the carbon and radon, and can handle a nominal 15 scfm (425 slm) of contaminated gas at pressures from 100 to 600 psig (7.0 to 42.2 kg/cm/sup 2/) and temperatures from minus 45 to plus 25/sup 0/F (-43 to -4/sup 0/C). Part of the development program is devoted to identifying flowsheet options and simplifications that lead to an even more economical and reliable process. Two of these applicative flowsheets are discussed.
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
Stephenson, M. J.; Eby, R. S. & Huffstetler, V. C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Reactor safety research programs. Quarterly progress report, 1 July--30 September 1977
HTGR safety evaluation included studies on fission product release; materials, chemistry, and instrumentation; structural evaluation; and analytical safety evaluation. LMFBR work included accident sequence studies, technical coordination of structural integrity, and SSC code development and validation. LWR safety studies included thermal/hydraulic analysis; THOR code development; and appraisal of analysis development in foreign countries.
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
Kouts, H.J.C. & Kato, W.Y.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
MAP3S: studying the transport, transformation, and fate of atmospheric energy-related pollutants
The MAP3S research program combines the existing capabilities of DOE national laboratories, sponsored university groups, and contractor organizations to develop, demonstrate, and verify numerical models that will make it possible to accurately simulate the atmospheric transformation of atmospheric energy related (AER) pollutants for use in assessing the various strategies for generating power. Programs aimed at gaining better understanding of the role of fossil fuel combustion in affecting the atmosphere are discussed. These include measurements of chemical and meteorological variables that determine the distribution of pollutant species from fossil-fuel electric power production; to design and execute atmospheric research experiments necessary to understand the mechanisms and related processes that must be included in simulation models; and to develop, demonstrate, and verify the capability to simulate the atmospheric behavior, pollutant concentrations, and precipitation chemistry effects of emissions from fossil-fuel power plants that are relevant to human health and welfare.
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
MacCracken, M C
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Automated Array Assembly Task, Phase I. Final report. Texas Instrument report No. 03-77-44
An assessment of state-of-the-art technologies that are applicable to silicon solar cell and solar cell module fabrication is presented. The assessment consists of a technical feasibility evaluation and a cost projection for high-volume production of silicon solar cell modules. The cost projection was approached from two directions: a design-to-cost analysis assigned cost goals to each major process element in the fabrication scheme and a cost analysis built up projected costs for alternate technologies for each process element. A technical evaluation was used in combination with the cost analysis to identify a baseline low-cost process. Since some of the technologies called for in the baseline process are still in a feasibility stage for solar cell fabrication, two alternates to the baseline process were also identified. A novel approach to metal pattern design based on minimum power loss was developed. These design equations were used as a tool in the evaluation of metallization technologies. The quantitative nature of the design equations provided a solid technical basis for the choice of a metallization technology. A hermetic module was proposed that has a high probability of meeting the 20-year life goal. A solar cell process sensitivity study using models, computer calculations, and experimental data …
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
Carbajal, Bernard G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Winkler County News (Kermit, Tex.), Vol. 42, No. 12, Ed. 1 Monday, October 24, 1977
Semi-weekly newspaper from Kermit, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
October 24, 1977
Creator:
Brewer, Bert
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History