[Children on a Roller Coaster at Riverside Amusement Park]

Photograph of nine children sitting on a roller coaster at Riverside Amusement Park. There are 3-4 children in each car, and the roller coaster is three cars in length.
Date: May 1, 1947
Creator: Mears, Dewey G.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History
Corrective Action Plan for Corrective Action Unit 407: Roller Coaster RADSAFE Area, Tonopah Test Range, Nevada (open access)

Corrective Action Plan for Corrective Action Unit 407: Roller Coaster RADSAFE Area, Tonopah Test Range, Nevada

This Corrective Action Plan (CAP) has been prepared for the Roller Coaster RADSAFE Area Corrective Action Unit 407 in accordance with the Federal Facility and Consent Order (Nevada Division of Environmental Protection [NDEP] et al., 1996). This CAP provides the methodology for implementing the approved Corrective Action Alternative as listed in the Corrective Action Decision Document (U.S. Department of Energy, Nevada Operations Office, 1999). The RCRSA was used during May and June of 1963 to decontaminate vehicles, equipment, and personnel from the Clean Slate tests. The Constituents of Concern (COCs) identified during the site characterization include plutonium, uranium, and americium. No other COCS were identified. The following closure actions will be implemented under this plan: (1) Remove and dispose of surface soils which are over three times background for the area. Soils identified for removal will be disposed of at an approved disposal facility. Excavated areas will be backfilled with clean borrow soil fi-om a nearby location. (2) An engineered cover will be constructed over the waste disposal pit area where subsurface COCS will remain. (3) Upon completion of the closure and approval of the Closure Report by NDEP, administrative controls, use restrictions, and site postings will be used to …
Date: May 1, 2000
Creator: Fitzmaurice, T. M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Clean slate corrective action investigation plan (open access)

Clean slate corrective action investigation plan

The Clean Slate sites discussed in this report are situated in the central portion of the Tonopah Test Range (TTR), north of the Nevada Test Site (NTS) on the northwest portion of the Nellis Air Force Range (NAFR) which is approximately 390 kilometers (km) (240 miles [mi]) northwest of Las Vegas, Nevada. These sites were the locations for three of the four Operation Roller Coaster experiments. These experiments evaluated the dispersal of plutonium in the environment from the chemical explosion of a plutonium-bearing device. Although it was not a nuclear explosion, Operation Roller Coaster created some surface contamination which is now the subject of a corrective action strategy being implemented by the Nevada Environmental Restoration Project (NV ERP) for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Corrective Action Investigation (CAI) activities will be conducted at three of the Operation Roller Coaster sites. These are Clean Slate 1 (CS-1), Clean Slate 2 (CS-2), and Clean Slate 3 (CS-3) sites, which are located on the TTR. The document that provides or references all of the specific information relative to the various investigative processes is called the Corrective Action Investigation Plan (CAIP). This CAIP has been prepared for the DOE Nevada Operations Office (DOE/NV) …
Date: May 1, 1996
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Comparison of Near-field and Far-field Air Monitoring of Plutonium-contaminated Soils from the Tonopah Test Range, Nevada (open access)

Comparison of Near-field and Far-field Air Monitoring of Plutonium-contaminated Soils from the Tonopah Test Range, Nevada

Operation Roller Coaster, a series of nuclear material dispersal experiments, resulted in three areas (Clean Slates 1, 2, and 3) of widespread surface soil plutonium (Pu) contamination on the Tonopah Test Range (TTR), located 225 miles northwest of Las Vegas, Nevada. The State's Division of Environmental Protection raised concerns that dispersal of airborne Pu particles from the sites could result in undetected deposition further downwind that the background monitoring stations. Air monitoring data from different distances from the Clean Slate sites but during the same period of time were compared. From the available data, there is no indication that airborne PM10 particles are being transported to the farther distance,however, the data are statistically insufficient to conclude whether there is a difference in transport of respirable Pu particles to the closer verses the farther sites from the Clean Slate sites.
Date: May 1, 2001
Creator: Bowen, John L. & Shafer, David S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tonopah Test Range Summary of Corrective Action Units (open access)

Tonopah Test Range Summary of Corrective Action Units

Corrective Action Sites (CASs) and Corrective Action Units (CAUs) at the Tonopah Test Range (TTR) may be placed into three categories: Clean Closure/No Further Action, Closure in Place, or Closure in Progress.
Date: May 1, 2007
Creator: Jackson, Ronald B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
1989 environmental monitoring report, Tonopah Test Range, Tonopah, Nevada (open access)

1989 environmental monitoring report, Tonopah Test Range, Tonopah, Nevada

This report summarizes the environmental surveillance activities conducted by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Reynolds Electrical and Engineering Company (REECo) for the Tonopah Test Range (TTR) operated by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). Other environmental compliance programs such as National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA), environmental permits, environmental restoration, and waste management programs are also included. The maximum offsite dose impact from 1989 operations was 8.7 {times} 10{sup {minus}4} mrem as a result of an unusual occurrence. The population received a collective dose of 1.2 {times} 10{sup {minus}5} person-rem from this incidence, while the same populations received 4.94 person-rem from natural background radiation. The 1989 SNL, TTR operations had no adverse impact on the general public or the environment. 18 refs., 2 figs., 14 tabs.
Date: May 1, 1990
Creator: Hwang, S.; Phelan, J.; Wolff, T.; Yeager, G.; Dionne, D. & West, G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
1990 Environmental monitoring report, Tonopah Test Range, Tonopah, Nevada (open access)

1990 Environmental monitoring report, Tonopah Test Range, Tonopah, Nevada

There is no routine radioactive emission from Sandia National Laboratories, Tonopah Test Range (SNL, TTR). However, based on the types of test activities such as air drops, gun firings, ground- launched rockets, air-launched rockets, and other explosive tests, possibilities exist that small amounts of depleted uranium (DU) (as part of weapon components) may be released to the air or to the ground because of unusual circumstances (failures) during testing. Four major monitoring programs were used in 1990 to assess radiological impact on the public. The EPA Air Surveillance Network (ASN) found that the only gamma ({gamma}) emitting radionuclide on the prefilters was beryllium-7 ({sup 7}Be), a naturally-occurring spallation product formed by the interaction of cosmic radiation with atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen. The weighted average results were consistent with the area background concentrations. The EPA Thermoluminescent Dosimetry (TLD) Network and Pressurized Ion Chamber (PIC) reported normal results. In the EPA Long-Term Hydrological Monitoring Program (LTHMP), analytical results for tritium ({sup 3}H) in well water were reported and were well below DOE-derived concentration guides (DCGs). In the Reynolds Electrical and Engineering Company (REECo) Drinking Water Sampling Program, analytical results for {sup 3}H, gross alpha ({alpha}), beta ({beta}), and {gamma} scan, strontium-90 ({sup …
Date: May 1, 1991
Creator: Hwang, A.; Phelan, J.; Wolff, T.; Yeager, G.; Dionne, D.; West, G. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
An updated summary of MATHEW/ADPIC model evaluation studies (open access)

An updated summary of MATHEW/ADPIC model evaluation studies

This paper summarizes the major model evaluation studies conducted for the MATHEW/ADPIC atmospheric transport and diffusion models used by the US Department of Energy's Atmospheric Release Advisory Capability. These studies have taken place over the last 15 years and involve field tracer releases influenced by a variety of meteorological and topographical conditions. Neutrally buoyant tracers released both as surface and elevated point sources, as well as material dispersed by explosive, thermally bouyant release mechanisms have been studied. Results from these studies show that the MATHEW/ADPIC models estimate the tracer air concentrations to within a factor of two of the measured values 20% to 50% of the time, and within a factor of five of the measurements 35% to 85% of the time depending on the complexity of the meteorology and terrain, and the release height of the tracer. Comparisons of model estimates to peak downwind deposition and air concentration measurements from explosive releases are shown to be generally within a factor of two to three. 24 refs., 14 figs., 3 tabs.
Date: May 1, 1990
Creator: Foster, Kevin T. & Dickerson, Marvin H.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Numerical simulation of industrial and accidental release formation and transport (open access)

Numerical simulation of industrial and accidental release formation and transport

Statement of work for contract 006 {open_quotes}Mathematical simulation of industrial and accidental release formation and transport{close_quotes} implies that the final result of the activity within this task will be VNIIEF developed techniques which will provide for the prediction of the post-accidental environment. Report [1] presents the description of physical models and calculation techniques which were chosen by VNIIEF to accomplish this task. These techniques were analysed for their capabilities, the areas of their application were defined, modifications within contract 006 were described, the results of test and methodical calculations were presented. Moreover, the experimental data were analysed over the source parameters and contamination measurements which can be used in the comparison with the calculation results. Based an these data this report compares the calculation results obtained with VNIIEF calculation techniques with the LANL-presented experimental results. The calculations which statements and results are given in section 1, included the following processes: explosion cloud ascent dynamics and jet release origin; aerosols kinetics in the release source including composite particle origin in the explosion cloud caused by radioactive substance sorption an the soil particles; contaminant transport in atmosphere and their in-site fallout due to the accidental explosions and fires; atmospheric flow dynamics and …
Date: May 1, 1995
Creator: Piskunov, V. N.; Aloyan, A. A.; Gerasimov, V. M.; Pinaev, V. S.; Golubev, A. I.; Yanilkin, Yu. V. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Shawnee Daily Herald. (Shawnee, Okla.), Vol. 14, No. 253, Ed. 1 Sunday, May 1, 1910 (open access)

Shawnee Daily Herald. (Shawnee, Okla.), Vol. 14, No. 253, Ed. 1 Sunday, May 1, 1910

Daily morning edition newspaper from Shawnee, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 1, 1910
Creator: Harlow, Victor E.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Alvin Sun (Alvin, Tex.), Vol. [57], No. [40], Ed. 1 Thursday, May 1, 1947 (open access)

The Alvin Sun (Alvin, Tex.), Vol. [57], No. [40], Ed. 1 Thursday, May 1, 1947

Weekly newspaper from Alvin, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 1, 1947
Creator: Barnes, E. F.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Hanford Summit and Sustainable Development (open access)

The Hanford Summit and Sustainable Development

Since the days of the Manhattan Project of World War II, the economic well being of the Tri-Cities (Pasco, Kennewick, and Richland) of Washington State has been tied to the US Department of Energy missions at the nearby Hanford Site. As missions at the Site changed, so did the well being of the region. The Hanford Site is now poised to complete its final mission, that of environmental restoration. When restoration is compiled, the Site may be closed and the effect on the local economy will be devastating if action is not taken now. To that end, economic diversification and transition are being planned. To facilitate the process, the Hanford Site will become a sustainable development demonstration project -- a project with regional, national, and international application.
Date: May 1, 1994
Creator: Sullivan, C. T.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Home and State (Dallas, Tex.), Vol. 10, No. 49, Ed. 1 Saturday, May 1, 1909 (open access)

The Home and State (Dallas, Tex.), Vol. 10, No. 49, Ed. 1 Saturday, May 1, 1909

Weekly newspaper from Dallas, Texas that includes articles and stories on a variety of family and social topics, with an emphasis on temperance and prohibition, along with advertising.
Date: May 1, 1909
Creator: Rankin, George C.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Hanford Site sustainable development initiatives (open access)

Hanford Site sustainable development initiatives

Since the days of the Manhattan Project of World War II, the economic well being of the Tri-Cities (Pasco, Kennewick, and Richland) of Washington State has been tied to the US Department of Energy missions at the nearby Hanford Site. As missions at the Site changed, so did the economic vitality of the region. The Hanford Site is now poised to complete its final mission, that of environmental restoration. When restoration is completed, the Site may be closed and the effect on the local economy will be devastating if action is not taken now. To that end, economic diversification and transition are being planned. To facilitate the process, the Hanford Site will become a sustainable development demonstration project.
Date: May 1, 1994
Creator: Sullivan, C. T.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Double tracks test site characterization report (open access)

Double tracks test site characterization report

This report presents the results of site characterization activities performed at the Double Tracks Test Site, located on Range 71 North, of the Nellis Air Force Range (NAFR) in southern Nevada. Site characterization activities included reviewing historical data from the Double Tracks experiment, previous site investigation efforts, and recent site characterization data. The most recent site characterization activities were conducted in support of an interim corrective action to remediate the Double Tracks Test Site to an acceptable risk to human health and the environment. Site characterization was performed using a phased approach. First, previously collected data and historical records sere compiled and reviewed. Generalized scopes of work were then prepared to fill known data gaps. Field activities were conducted and the collected data were then reviewed to determine whether data gaps were filled and whether other areas needed to be investigated. Additional field efforts were then conducted, as required, to adequately characterize the site. Characterization of the Double Tracks Test Site was conducted in accordance with the US Department of Energy`s (DOE) Streamlined Approach for Environmental Restoration (SAFER).
Date: May 1, 1996
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Sealy News (Sealy, Tex.), Vol. 59, No. 8, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 1, 1947 (open access)

The Sealy News (Sealy, Tex.), Vol. 59, No. 8, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 1, 1947

Weekly newspaper from Sealy, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 1, 1947
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Tonopah Test Range Closure Sites Revegetation Plan (open access)

Tonopah Test Range Closure Sites Revegetation Plan

This document is a revegetation plan for long-term stabilization (revegetation) of land disturbed by activities associated with the closure of a Bomblet Pit and the Five Points Landfill. Both sites are on the Tonopah Test Range (TTR) located in south-central Nevada. This document contains general reclamation practices and procedures that will be followed during the revegetation of these sites. The revegetation procedures proposed have been developed over several years of research and include the results of reclamation trials at Area 11 and Area 19 on the Nevada Test Site (NTS), and more recently at the Double Tracks (Nellis Air Force Range) reclamation demonstration plots. In addition, the results of reclamation efforts and concurrent research efforts at the Yucca Mountain Project have been considered in the preparation of this revegetation plan.
Date: May 1, 1997
Creator: Anderson, D. C. & Hall, D. B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Portland News (Portland, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 18, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 1, 1986 (open access)

Portland News (Portland, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 18, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 1, 1986

Weekly newspaper from Portland, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 1, 1986
Creator: Castleberry, Linda
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Ingleside Index (Ingleside, Tex.), Vol. 37, No. 12, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 1, 1986 (open access)

The Ingleside Index (Ingleside, Tex.), Vol. 37, No. 12, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 1, 1986

Weekly newspaper from Ingleside, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 1, 1986
Creator: Fischer, Tim
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Chemical analyses of soil samples collected from the Sandia National Laboratories/NM, Tonopah Test Range environs, 1994-2005. (open access)

Chemical analyses of soil samples collected from the Sandia National Laboratories/NM, Tonopah Test Range environs, 1994-2005.

From 1994 through 2005, the Environmental Management Department of Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) at the Tonopah Test Range (TTR), NV, has collected soil samples at numerous locations on-site, on the perimeter, and off-site for the purpose of determining potential impacts to the environs from operations at TTR. These samples were submitted to an analytical laboratory of metal-in-soil analyses. Intercomparisons of these results were then made to determine if there was any statistical difference between on-site, perimeter, and off-site samples, or if there were increasing or decreasing trends which indicated that further investigation may be warranted. This work provided the SNL Environmental Management Department with a sound baseline data reference against which to compare future operational impacts. In addition, it demonstrates the commitment that the Laboratories have to go beyond mere compliance to achieve excellence in its operations. This data is presented in graphical format with narrative commentaries on particular items of interest.
Date: May 1, 2006
Creator: Deola, Regina Anne; Oldewage, Hans D.; Herrera, Heidi M. & Miller, Mark Laverne
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Site restoration: Estimation of attributable costs from plutonium-dispersal accidents (open access)

Site restoration: Estimation of attributable costs from plutonium-dispersal accidents

A nuclear weapons accident is an extremely unlikely event due to the extensive care taken in operations. However, under some hypothetical accident conditions, plutonium might be dispersed to the environment. This would result in costs being incurred by the government to remediate the site and compensate for losses. This study is a multi-disciplinary evaluation of the potential scope of the post-accident response that includes technical factors, current and proposed legal requirements and constraints, as well as social/political factors that could influence decision making. The study provides parameters that can be used to assess economic costs for accidents postulated to occur in urban areas, Midwest farmland, Western rangeland, and forest. Per-area remediation costs have been estimated, using industry-standard methods, for both expedited and extended remediation. Expedited remediation costs have been evaluated for highways, airports, and urban areas. Extended remediation costs have been evaluated for all land uses except highways and airports. The inclusion of cost estimates in risk assessments, together with the conventional estimation of doses and health effects, allows a fuller understanding of the post-accident environment. The insights obtained can be used to minimize economic risks by evaluation of operational and design alternatives, and through development of improved capabilities for …
Date: May 1, 1996
Creator: Chanin, D. I. & Murfin, W. B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Christian Chronicle (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 73, No. 5, Ed. 1 Sunday, May 1, 2016 (open access)

The Christian Chronicle (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 73, No. 5, Ed. 1 Sunday, May 1, 2016

Monthly newspaper from Oklahoma City, Oklahoma that includes news and information about the Churches of Christ along with advertising.
Date: May 1, 2016
Creator: Tryggestad, Erik
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Link to Link: The President's Newsletter, Volume 5, Number 3, May 1995 (open access)

Link to Link: The President's Newsletter, Volume 5, Number 3, May 1995

Link to Link is the national newsletter for the The Links, Inc., issued by the organization's president. It contains letters from the president as well as information about the national assembly, regional conferences, financial statements (including pledged donations), the organizational charter and bylaws, officers and elections, service programs, and other activities of The Links, Inc. This particular issue contains an advertising insert to promote The Links Health Walk-A-Thon.
Date: May 1, 1995
Creator: Links, Inc.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Gayly Oklahoman (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 21, No. 9, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 1, 2003 (open access)

The Gayly Oklahoman (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 21, No. 9, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 1, 2003

Semi-monthly newspaper from Oklahoma City, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news and advertising of interest to the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) community.
Date: May 1, 2003
Creator: Hawkins, Don
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The UNT Digital Library