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Indoor Residential Chemical Exposures as Risk Factors for Asthmaand Allergy in Infants and Children: a Review
Most research into effects of residential indoor air exposures on asthma and allergies has focused on exposures to biologic allergens, moisture and mold, endotoxin, or combustion byproducts. This paper briefly reviews reported findings on associations of asthma or allergy in infants or children with risk factors related to indoor chemical emissions from residential materials or surface coatings. Associations, some strong (e.g., odds ratios up to 13), were reported. The most frequently identified risk factors were formaldehyde, aromatic organic compounds such as toluene and benzene, plastic materials and plasticizers, and recent painting. Exposures and consequent effects from indoor sources may be exacerbated by decreased ventilation. Identified risk factors may be proxies for correlated exposures. Findings suggest the frequent occurrence of important but preventable effects on asthma and allergy in infants and children worldwide from modern residential building materials and coatings.
Date:
March 1, 2006
Creator:
Mendell, M. J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Meta-Analyses of the Associations of Respiratory Health Effectswith Dampness and Mold in Homes
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academy of Sciences recently completed a critical review of the scientific literature pertaining to the association of indoor dampness and mold contamination with adverse health effects. In this paper, we report the results of quantitative meta-analysis of the studies reviewed in the IOM report. We developed point estimates and confidence intervals (CIs) to summarize the association of several respiratory and asthma-related health outcomes with the presence of dampness and mold in homes. The odds ratios and confidence intervals from the original studies were transformed to the log scale and random effect models were applied to the log odds ratios and their variance. Models were constructed both accounting for the correlation between multiple results within the studies analyzed and ignoring such potential correlation. Central estimates of ORs for the health outcomes ranged from 1.32 to 2.10, with most central estimates between 1.3 and 1.8. Confidence intervals (95%) excluded unity except in two of 28 instances, and in most cases the lower bound of the CI exceeded 1.2. In general, the two meta-analysis methods produced similar estimates for ORs and CIs. Based on the results of the meta-analyses, building dampness and mold are associated …
Date:
January 1, 2006
Creator:
Fisk, William J.; Lei-Gomez, Quanhong & Mendell, Mark J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Particulate Matter: EPA Needs to Make More Progress in Addressing the National Academies' Recommendations on Estimating Health Benefits
Testimony issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Scientific evidence links exposure to particulate matter--a widespread form of air pollution--to serious health problems, including asthma and premature death. Under the Clean Air Act, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) periodically reviews the appropriate air quality level at which to set national standards to protect the public against the health effects of six pollutants, including particulate matter. EPA proposed revisions to the particulate matter standards in January 2006 and issued a regulatory impact analysis of the revisions' expected costs and benefits. The estimated benefits of air pollution regulations have been controversial in the past, and a 2002 National Academies report to EPA made recommendations aimed at improving the estimates for particulate matter and other air pollution regulations. This testimony is based on GAO's July 2006 report Particulate Matter: EPA Has Started to Address the National Academies' Recommendations on Estimating Health Benefits, but More Progress Is Needed (GAO-06-780). GAO determined whether and how EPA applied the National Academies' recommendations in its estimates of the health benefits expected from the January 2006 proposed revisions to the particulate matter standards."
Date:
July 19, 2006
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Particulate Matter: EPA Has Started to Address the National Academies' Recommendations on Estimating Health Benefits, but More Progress Is Needed
A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "A large body of scientific evidence links exposure to particulate matter--a widespread form of air pollution--to serious health problems, including asthma and premature death. Under the Clean Air Act, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) periodically reviews the appropriate air quality level at which to set national standards to protect the public against the health effects of particulate matter. EPA proposed revisions to these standards in January 2006 and issued a draft regulatory impact analysis of the revisions' expected costs and benefits. The estimated benefits of air pollution regulations have been controversial in the past. A 2002 National Academies report generally supported EPA's approach but made 34 recommendations to improve how EPA implements its approach. GAO was asked to determine whether and how EPA applied the Academies' recommendations in its estimates of the health benefits expected from the January 2006 proposed revisions to the particulate matter standards. GAO examined the draft analysis, met with EPA officials, and interviewed members of the National Academies' committee. In providing technical comments on the report, EPA officials said it was fair and balanced and noted the agency's progress in addressing recommendations …
Date:
July 17, 2006
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Breastfeeding: Some Strategies Used to Market Infant Formula May Discourage Breastfeeding; State Contracts Should Better Protect Against Misuse of WIC Name
A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Millions of U.S. mothers and infants each year forgo the health benefits of breastfeeding and rely on infant formula. Infants who are breastfed are less likely to develop infectious diseases and chronic health problems, such as diabetes and asthma, while breastfeeding mothers are less likely to develop certain types of cancer. Recognizing the health benefits of breastfeeding for infants and mothers, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Healthy People 2010 campaign has recommended that more U.S. infants be breastfed and that babies be breastfed for longer periods of time. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the U.S. would save a minimum of $3.6 billion in health care costs and indirect costs, such as parents' lost wages, if breastfeeding increased to meet these Healthy People goals. Breastfeeding rates are particularly low among infants who participate in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC). WIC is administered by the USDA's Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) in cooperation with state and local agencies. The program provides free food and infant formula to improve the health and nutritional well-being of low-income women, …
Date:
February 8, 2006
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Sapulpa Daily Herald (Sapulpa, Okla.), Vol. 91, No. 358, Ed. 1 Friday, November 3, 2006
Daily newspaper from Sapulpa, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
November 3, 2006
Creator:
Mattox, Jami
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
15th Street News (Midwest City, Okla.), Vol. 36, No. 7, Ed. 1 Friday, October 13, 2006
Newspaper from Rose State College in Midwest City, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
October 13, 2006
Creator:
Ray, Johnna
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 66, No. 176, Ed. 1 Friday, September 8, 2006
Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
September 8, 2006
Creator:
Brown, Gloria
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Kerens Tribune (Kerens, Tex.), Vol. 114, No. 30, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 27, 2006
Weekly newspaper from Kerens, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
July 27, 2006
Creator:
Williams, Neal
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 60, No. 40, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 5, 2006
Weekly Jewish newspaper from Fort Worth, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
October 5, 2006
Creator:
Wisch, Rene & Wisch-Ray, Sharon
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 114, No. 36, Ed. 1 Tuesday, February 21, 2006
Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
February 21, 2006
Creator:
Brown, Gloria
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Polk County Enterprise (Livingston, Tex.), Vol. 124, No. 97, Ed. 1 Sunday, December 3, 2006
Semi-weekly newspaper from Livingston, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date:
December 3, 2006
Creator:
White, Barbara
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The Panola Watchman (Carthage, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. [36], Ed. 1 Sunday, May 7, 2006
Semiweekly newspaper from Carthage, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
May 7, 2006
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The Panola Watchman (Carthage, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. [46], Ed. 1 Sunday, June 11, 2006
Semiweekly newspaper from Carthage, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
June 11, 2006
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The Rambler (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 97, No. 3, Ed. 1 Wednesday, September 20, 2006
Weekly student newspaper from Texas Wesleyan University in Fort Worth, Texas that includes campus and local news along with advertising.
Date:
September 20, 2006
Creator:
Wylie, Chad
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Air Quality: EPA’s 2006 Changes to the Particulate Matter (PM) Standard
In order to better understand EPA’s actions, this report provides an analysis of the agency’s final 2006 revisions to the particulates NAAQS, and the estimated costs and benefits of the new standards and of a more stringent alternatives analyzed. The report concludes by highlighting concerns and issues raised regarding the revisions to the particulates standards, including those of the science advisory committee (Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee, or CASAC), and actions in Congress.
Date:
November 13, 2006
Creator:
Esworthy, Robert & McCarthy, James E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Polk County Enterprise (Livingston, Tex.), Vol. 124, No. 55, Ed. 1 Sunday, July 9, 2006
Semi-weekly newspaper from Livingston, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date:
July 9, 2006
Creator:
White, Barbara
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Polk County Enterprise (Livingston, Tex.), Vol. 124, No. 63, Ed. 1 Sunday, August 6, 2006
Semi-weekly newspaper from Livingston, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date:
August 6, 2006
Creator:
White, Barbara
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Public Health-Related Impacts of Climate Change in California
In June 2005 Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger issued Executive Order S-3-05 that set greenhouse gas emission reduction targets for California, and directed the Secretary of the California Environmental Protection Agency to report to the governor and the State legislature by January 2006 and biannually thereafter on the impacts to California of global warming, including impacts to water supply, public health, agriculture, the coastline, and forestry, and to prepare and report on mitigation and adaptation plans to combat these impacts. This report is a part of the report to the governor and legislature, and focuses on public health impacts that have been associated with climate change. Considerable evidence suggests that average ambient temperature is increasing worldwide, that temperatures will continue to increase into the future, and that global warming will result in changes to many aspects of climate, including temperature, humidity, and precipitation (McMichael and Githeko, 2001). It is expected that California will experience changes in both temperature and precipitation under current trends. Many of the changes in climate projected for California could have ramifications for public health (McMichael and Githeko, 2001), and this document summarizes the impacts judged most likely to occur in California, based on a review of available peer-reviewed …
Date:
March 2006
Creator:
Drechsler, Deborah M.; Motallebi, Nehzat; Kleeman, Michael; Cayan, Dan; Hayhoe, Katherine; Kalkstein, Laurence S. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 114, No. 40, Ed. 1 Saturday, February 25, 2006
Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
February 25, 2006
Creator:
Brown, Gloria
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Yoakum Herald-Times (Yoakum, Tex.), Vol. 114, No. 37, Ed. 1 Wednesday, September 13, 2006
Weekly newspaper from Yoakum, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
September 13, 2006
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Indoor Environmental Risk Factors for Occupant Symptoms in 100U.S. Office Buildings: Summary of Three Analyses from the EPA BASEStudy
This paper summarizes three analyses of data on building-related environmental factors and occupant symptoms collected from 100 representative large U.S. office buildings. Using multivariate logistic regression models, we found increased occupant symptoms associated with a number of building-related factors, including lower ventilation rates even at the current guideline levels, lack of scheduled cleaning for air-conditioning drain pans and cooling coils, poor condition of cooling coils, poorly maintained humidification systems, and lower outdoor air intake height. Some expected relationships were not found, and several findings were opposite of expected. Although requiring replication, these findings suggest preventive actions to reduce occupant symptoms in office buildings.
Date:
February 1, 2006
Creator:
Mendell, M. J.; Lei-Gomez, Q.; Cozen, M.; Brightman, H. S.; Apte, M.; Erdmann, C. A. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA): The Definition of Disability
The threshold issue in any Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) case is whether the individual alleging discrimination is an individual with a disability. The ADA definition is a functional one and does not list specific disabilities. This report discusses the definition of "disability." It also briefly discusses the Supreme Court's opinions and analyze how the lower courts are interpreting the Supreme Court's holdings.
Date:
March 9, 2006
Creator:
Jones, Nancy Lee
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 131, No. 10, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 3, 2006
Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
August 3, 2006
Creator:
Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History