Oral History Interview with Leroy Sterling, July 6, 2015 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Leroy Sterling, July 6, 2015

Interview with Leroy Sterling, an Army veteran and educator from Bryan, Texas. In his interview, Sterling discusses his family background, living under Jim Crow segregation, segregated neighborhoods and housing, agricultural work, military service and his experience being one of the first African-American students to attend Texas A&M University.
Date: July 6, 2015
Creator: Sterling, Leroy & Bynum, Katherine
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Dalila Dolenz, June 10 2015 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Dalila Dolenz, June 10 2015

Interview with Dalila Dolenz, a nurse and civil rights activist from Fort Worth, Texas. In the interview, she discusses her work, activism and interaction with Cesar Chavez
Date: June 10, 2015
Creator: Dolenz, Dalila; Enriquez, Sandra & Robles, David
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with John Sims, June 26, 2015 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with John Sims, June 26, 2015

Interview with John Sims, a radio broadcaster from Tyler, Texas. In the interview, Sims discusses his family background, the Civil Rights Movement, beginning a broadcasting career, and engaging with the Black and Latino communities in Tyler through his radio program, community race relations, and the current racial climate in Tyler.
Date: June 26, 2015
Creator: Sims, John; Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés & Bynum, Katherine
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Edward D. Moore, June 15, 2015 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Edward D. Moore, June 15, 2015

Interview with Edward D. Moore, city councilman from Tyler, Texas. In the interview, Moore discusses his family background, childhood, education, desegregation, his work for Kelly-Springfield Tire, labor unions, community activism, and city politics.
Date: June 15, 2015
Creator: Moore, Edward D. & Bynum, Katherine
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Richard Gonzales, June 11, 2015 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Richard Gonzales, June 11, 2015

Interview with Richard Gonzales, a journalist from Arlington, Texas. In his interview, Gonzales discusses his early life, his education, student activism, founding the Association of Mexican American Students at UT Arlington, and his political activism and advocacy for Mexican-Americans.
Date: June 11, 2015
Creator: Gonzales, Richard; Enriquez, Sandra; Krochmal, Max & Robles, David
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Rubye Jones and Julia Williams, June 30, 2015 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Rubye Jones and Julia Williams, June 30, 2015

Interview with Rubye Jones and Julia Williams, from Marshall, Texas. In the interview, Jones and Williams discuss their family backgrounds, higher education at Bishop and Wiley Colleges, experiences with racial discrimination, and their involvement with the Civil Rights Movement. Ms. Jones's uncle Romeo Williams, was a prominent African-American civil rights attorney in Marshall who was killed in an accident in 1960.
Date: June 30, 2015
Creator: Jones, Rubye; Williams, Julia; Bynum, Katherine & Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Fernando Chacon, July 20, 2015 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Fernando Chacon, July 20, 2015

Interview with Fernando Chacon, lawyer and activist from El Paso, Texas. In the interview Chacon discusses his early life and education, his advocacy for migrant workers, his activism in the Chicano movement, and El Paso politics.
Date: July 20, 2015
Creator: Chacon, Fernando; Enriquez, Sandra & Robles, David
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with James E. Johnson, July 21, 2015 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with James E. Johnson, July 21, 2015

Interview with James E. Johnson, a retired professor of education from Prairie View, Texas. Johnson earned a doctorate from Texas A&M in 1967 and taught at Prairie View A&M and Texas Southern University. In his interview, he discusses his early life, military service, attending Texas A&M, racial integration, and his career as an educator.
Date: July 21, 2015
Creator: Johnson, James E. & Bynum, Katherine
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Minnie Mosley Gram and Rostell Williams, June 29, 2015 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Minnie Mosley Gram and Rostell Williams, June 29, 2015

Interview with Minnie Mosley Gram and Rostell Williams, civil rights activists from Tyler, Texas. Gram and Rostell discuss their early lives, student activism, Jim Crow segregation, and community organizing in Tyler.
Date: June 29, 2015
Creator: Gram, Minnie Mosley; Williams, Rostell & Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Gene Collins, July 8, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Gene Collins, July 8, 2016

Gene Collins was born and raised in Odessa, Texas. He attended Abilene Christian University, where he was a campus and community civil rights organizer. He completed his college education at Baylor University in Waco, Texas. Collins is now a local businessman and minister in Odessa, Texas. He has been president of the Odessa NAACP for over 15 years, and co-chair for environmental justice for the statewide NAACP. He helped lead several efforts toward environmental justice in and outside Odessa.
Date: July 8, 2016
Creator: Collins, Gene & Wisely, Karen
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Gilbert Flores, June 20, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Gilbert Flores, June 20, 2016

Gilbert A. Flores grew up in Slaton, Texas where he attended a segregated “Mexican School” and then a integrated school where he faced abuse and discrimination alongside other Mexican American children. Upon graduating from high school, he moved to Lubbock and began to work in various jobs until he opened up his own successful auto-parts store during the early 1970s. In 1993 he became the second Mexican American to be elected into the Lubbock County Commissioner’s Court.
Date: June 20, 2016
Creator: Flores, Gilbert & Zapata, Joel
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Frizella Whitiker, July 7, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Frizella Whitiker, July 7, 2016

Frizella C. Whitiker was born in Greenwood, Lousiana and grew up in Austin, Texas. Whitiker graduated from Anderson High School and Samuel Huston University (1950), now Huston-Tillotson University, in Austin. Upon graduation, Whitiker moved to Odessa to teach in the Ector County Independent School District, specifically Blackshear High School. She retired from teaching in 1986. In Odessa, Whitiker has been a sponsor and board member of Head Start as well as a board member of the Black Cultural Council of Odessa. She has also been a leader of Mackey Chapel of the United Methodist Church.
Date: July 7, 2016
Creator: Wisely, Karen; Zapata, Joel & Whitaker, Frizella
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Frank, Gutierrez, June 18, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Frank, Gutierrez, June 18, 2016

Frank Gutierrez grew up in Lubbock, Texas and graduated from Lubbock High School. He then joined the military and served in Vietnam. Upon returning, he enrolled in Texas Tech University. He has served in various non-profits and a charter school. He has ran for various local political offices.
Date: June 18, 2016
Creator: Gutierrez, Frank; Wisely, Karen & Zapata, Joel
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Billie Caviel, June 30, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Billie Caviel, June 30, 2016

Billie Caviel was raised in East Texas, attending all African American Schools. She attended university and pharmacy school at Texas Southern University in Houston. Once graduating, Caviel and her husband, who was also a pharmacist, moved to Lubbock, Texas to work for a Jewish pharmacist because no one else would give them jobs in the state because they were African American. Caviel and her husband later founded their own pharmacy, which they kept open for forty-nine years. Caviel also served as a Lubbock ISD school board member for a number of years during the early 1990s.
Date: June 30, 2016
Creator: Caviel, Billie & Wisely, Karen
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Daniel Urbina Sanchez, June 28, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Daniel Urbina Sanchez, June 28, 2016

Daniel Urbina Sanchez grew up between Lubbock, Texas and Garden City, Kansas. Starting in 1968, Sanchez’s family moved permanently to Lubbock. He graduated from Lubbock High School and Texas Tech University. In the 2000, Sanchez began participating in such organizations as Las Fiestas Del Llano, which is an organization focused on celebrating Mexican national holidays. He is currently an oral historian for Texas Tech University’s Southwest Collection. At Texas Tech University, Sanchez became a leader of the Latino faculty and staff. Sanchez also founded Citizens United in Discourse Against Discrimination, CUIDAD, which led rallies within Lubbock and participated in protests in the Texas State Capitol as the legislature considered racists-anti immigration bills.
Date: June 28, 2016
Creator: Zapata, Joel & Sanchez, Daniel Urbina
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Jon Holmes, June 13, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Jon Holmes, June 13, 2016

Jon Holmes was born in Lubbock and grew up in a farm near the city while being educated in Lubbock’s school system. He graduated from Lubbock High School and later attended Texas Tech University. At Texas Tech, Holmes participated in the campus anti-Vietnam War Movement and in the underground student newspaper named The Catalyst. Because of his work, especially in pointing out racial discrimination in Lubbock within the The Catalyst, Holmes and his fellow student advocates faced police harassment and violence. Facing such oppression, he moved to New York where he began a successful writing career. He has published articles in numerous publications like the New York Times and has published two cultural history books.
Date: June 13, 2016
Creator: Wisely, Karen & Holmes, Jon
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Christy Martinez-Garcia, June 14, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Christy Martinez-Garcia, June 14, 2016

Christy Martinez-Garcia was born and raised in Lubbock. She attended Lubbock High School, Lamar University, and completed her degree at Texas Tech University. After college, Martinez-Garcia worked for the Lubbock city government and then for the National Council of La Raza in Washington D.C. Upon her return to Lubbock, Martinez-Garcia sought to counter the local media narrative that mostly only depicted Hispanics as criminals or only immigrants. Thus, she founded the magazine, Latino Lubbock. She also ran for a position in the Lubbock ISD Board of Trustees. Martinez-Garcia has participated in numerous community organizations and was responsible for the naming of Cesar Chavez street in Lubbock as well as having a historical marker for a what once a migrant labor camp.
Date: June 14, 2016
Creator: Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés & Martinez-Garcia, Christy
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with David Willard on June 29, 2016. captions transcript

Oral History Interview with David Willard on June 29, 2016.

David Willard is an educator in Beaumont, Texas. In his interview, he discussed his father's work and legacy in the desegregation process in southeast Texas, his own work in civil rights and education, and the ongoing struggles of the black community in the region.
Date: June 29, 2016
Creator: Grevious, Danielle; Bobadilla, Eladio & Willard, David
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Robert and Paul Noyola on June 17, 2016. captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Robert and Paul Noyola on June 17, 2016.

Robert and Paul discussed the history of the Noyola family, the different paths taken by various family members, and the political diversity within the family.
Date: June 17, 2016
Creator: Bobadilla, Eladio; Noyola, Robert & Noyola, Paul
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Gethrel Williams, June 29, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Gethrel Williams, June 29, 2016

Gethrel Williams was from Beaumont, Texas. She was a long time civil rights and labor activist. During her time working for the U.S. Postal Service, she became a leader in in the American Postal Workers Union, both locally and nationally. In 2007, she was elected to the Beaumont City Council as Council-member-at-Large. In her interview, she discussed her efforts to desegregate public accommodations, her participation in the labor movement, and her work as a public, elected official. She died February 18, 2018.
Date: June 29, 2016
Creator: Bobadilla, Eladio & Williams, Gethrel
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Jimmy Johnson, July 20, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Jimmy Johnson, July 20, 2016

Mr. Johnson was born and raised in Conroe, Texas. He grew up on land his grandparents purchased after years spent sharecropping. He attended Booker T. Washington until integration, when he then attended Conroe High School. He joined the Air Force and spent time in Italy and Abilene, Texas. Upon returning to Texas, he attended Sam Houston State University and began working in radio, photography, and as a disc jockey, among other jobs. In his interview, Mr. Johnson describes segregation in Conroe, his family's landownership, integration in Conroe, his experiences in the Air Force, his multiple jobs, discrimination at work, and the many ways that Conroe has changed over time.
Date: July 20, 2016
Creator: May, Meredith & Johnson, Jimmy
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Jimmie Shaw on July 22, 2016. captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Jimmie Shaw on July 22, 2016.

Ms. Shaw was born and raised in Willis, Texas. Shaw described her experiences with racism and Jim Crow discrimination. Shaw discussed one surprising impact of racism in Willis, she was fearful of Halloween. During Halloween in Willis, white youth would throw things at Ms. Shaw's house. A great aunt of Shaw was able to live in the white part of Willis while a uncle of Shaw became the first Black person to vote in the Willis/Conroe area. The first time he was able to vote was when he was elderly in the mid-twentieth century. Shaw also discussed difficulties in the workplace in Conroe.
Date: July 22, 2016
Creator: Howard, Jasmine & Shaw , Jimmie
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Carl and Gloria White, July 7, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Carl and Gloria White, July 7, 2016

Mr. Carl White was born in Conroe and Mrs. Gloria White was born in Willis, Texas in 1957 respectively. After attending segregated schools, both Whites ultimately graduated from desegregated schools. Both Whites experienced workplace discrimination in their careers in a local factory and at the postal office. Mr. White also served as a reserve police officer in Conroe while his father served as one of the first Black police officers in Conroe. Mr. White described being targeted by police in Conroe and other issues with the local criminal justice system. Both Whites were also involved in the efforts to free Clarence Brandley which included marches and other demonstrations. Also, the Whites discussed issues with discrimination in the school system.
Date: July 7, 2016
Creator: May, Meredith; Howard, Jasmin; White, Carl & White, Gloria
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Alpha Omega (Faye) Jones, July 12, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Alpha Omega (Faye) Jones, July 12, 2016

Ms. Jones was born in Trinity, Texas. Her parents were educators, and she moved a lot as a child following them to different schools. When she graduated from high school in Conroe at Booker T. Washington, she briefly attended TSU. After a time in Michigan, she eventually began a career with the postal service in Houston, where she retired from a management position. In her interview, Ms. Jones describes segregation in Cleveland and Conroe, Texas, her educational career, her experiences in the north as compared to Texas, her career with the postal service and discrimination on the job, the current status of race relations in Conroe and efforts to reinvigorate the alumni association for Booker T. Washington school.
Date: July 12, 2016
Creator: Howard, Jasmin & Jones, Alpha Omega (Faye)
System: The Portal to Texas History