Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo: Definition and List of Community Land Grants in New Mexico (open access)

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo: Definition and List of Community Land Grants in New Mexico

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Until the mid-nineteenth century, Spain made land grants to towns and individuals to promote development in the frontier lands that now constitute the American Southwest. Under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the Mexican-American War, the United States agreed to recognize ownership of property of every kind in the ceded areas. Many people, including grantee heirs, scholars, and legal experts, still claim that the United States did not protect the property of Mexican-Americans and their descendants, particularly the common lands of community grants. Land grant documents contain no direct reference to "community land grants," nor do Spanish and Mexican laws define or use this term. GAO did find, however, that some grants refer to lands set aside for general communal use or for specific purposes, including hunting, pasture, wood gathering, or watering. Scholars, the land grant literature, and popular terminology commonly use the phrase "community land grants" to denote land grants that set aside common lands for the use of the entire community. GAO adopted this broad definition in determining which Spanish and Mexican land grants can be identified as community land grants. GAO identified …
Date: September 10, 2001
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
El Tratado De Guadalupe Hidalgo: Definicion y lista de las concesiones de tierras comunitarias en Nuevo Mexico (open access)

El Tratado De Guadalupe Hidalgo: Definicion y lista de las concesiones de tierras comunitarias en Nuevo Mexico

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "From the end of the seventeenth century to the mid-nineteenth century, Spain made land grants to individuals, towns, and groups to promote development in what is now the American Southwest. Under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the Mexican-American War, the United States agreed to recognize ownership of property of every kind in the ceded areas. Many persons, including grantee heirs, scholars, and legal experts, still claim that the United States did not protect the property of Mexican-Americans and their descendants, particularly the common lands of community grants. Land grant documents contain no direct reference to "community land grants" nor do Spanish and Mexican laws define or use this term. GAO did find, however, that some grants refer to lands set aside for general communal use or for specific purposes, including hunting, pasture, wood gathering, or watering. Scholars, the land grant literature, and popular terminology commonly use the phrase "community land grants" to denote land grants that set aside common lands for the use of the entire community. GAO adopted this broad definition in determining which Spanish and Mexican land grants can be identified as …
Date: September 10, 2001
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Věstník (Temple, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 2, Ed. 1 Wednesday, January 10, 2001 (open access)

Věstník (Temple, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 2, Ed. 1 Wednesday, January 10, 2001

Weekly Czech and English language newspaper from Temple, Texas published as the official organ of the Slavonic Benevolent Order of the State of Texas that includes news of interest to members along with advertising.
Date: January 10, 2001
Creator: Vanicek, Brian
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Micki and Jim George, May 10, 2001 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Micki and Jim George, May 10, 2001

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Micki and Jim George. Micki George completed Cadet Nurse Corps training in 1948. She traveled with a USO Unit out of Dallas and worked with the Nurse Corps in California and with Special Services as a chauffeur, chaperone and pianist for performances. She was stationed in the US and did not travel overseas. Micki was discharged from military service in 1950. She and Jim met at the University of Texas at Austin, while completing their medical degrees. Jim joined the Army in December of 1945. He served in the Korean War as a combat medic in a field MASH Unit, and was discharged in 1950.
Date: May 10, 2001
Creator: George, Micki & George, Jim
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Věstník (Temple, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 39, Ed. 1 Wednesday, October 10, 2001 (open access)

Věstník (Temple, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 39, Ed. 1 Wednesday, October 10, 2001

Weekly Czech and English language newspaper from Temple, Texas published as the official organ of the Slavonic Benevolent Order of the State of Texas that includes news of interest to members along with advertising.
Date: October 10, 2001
Creator: Vanicek, Brian
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Oklahoma Eagle (Tulsa, Okla.), Vol. 80, No. 20, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 10, 2001 (open access)

The Oklahoma Eagle (Tulsa, Okla.), Vol. 80, No. 20, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 10, 2001

Weekly newspaper from Tulsa, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 10, 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Plausible Biological Cause For Major Climate Events (open access)

Plausible Biological Cause For Major Climate Events

Scientific news article about Snowball Earth eras. These are times when ice periodically covered the globe, and the era called the Cambrian Explosion, which produced the first fossils of almost all major categories of animals living today.
Date: August 10, 2001
Creator: Kennedy, Barbara
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Final report: spatio-temporal data mining of scientific trajectory data (open access)

Final report: spatio-temporal data mining of scientific trajectory data

With the increasing availability of massive observational and experimental data sets (across a wide variety of scientific disciplines) there is an increasing need to provide scientists with efficient computational tools to explore such data in a systematic manner. For example, techniques such as classification and clustering are now being widely used in astronomy to categorize and organize stellar objects into groups and catalogs, which in turn provide the impetus for scientific hypothesis formation and discovery (e.g., see Fayyad, Djorgovski and Weir (1996); or Cheeseman and Stutz (1996) or Fayyad and Smyth (1999) in a more general context). Data-driven exploration of massive spatio-temporal data sets is an area where there is particular need of data mining techniques. Scientists are overwhelmed by the vast quantities of data which simulations, experiments, and observational instruments can produce. Analysis of spatio-temporal data is inherently challenging, yet most current research in data mining is focused on algorithms based on more traditional feature-vector data representations. Scientists are often not particularly interested in raw grid-level data, but rather in the phenomena and processes which are ''driving'' the data. In particular, they are often interested in the temporal and spatial evolution of specific ''spatially local'' structures of interest, e.g., …
Date: January 10, 2001
Creator: Gaffney, S & Smyth, P
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Electra Star-News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 94, No. 39, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 10, 2001 (open access)

Electra Star-News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 94, No. 39, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 10, 2001

Weekly newspaper from Electra, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 10, 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Herman Weskamp, May 10, 2001 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Herman Weskamp, May 10, 2001

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Herman Weskamp. Born in Mansfield, Colorado on 30 December 1923, Weskamp enrolled at Loyola University under the V-12 Program. After one year he was sent to Midshipman School at Notre Dame in 1943. He volunteered for a program called Amphibious Roger. He was sent to Fort Pierce, Florida for guerilla training in preparation for assignment in China. Upon completion of the training, he was transferred to Long Beach, California where he embarked on the USS General LeRoy Eltinge (AP-154) for transit to Calcutta, India. Weskamp was assigned to the Sino-American Cooperative Organization (SACO) as a Transportation Officer. He met Chiang Kai-shek and his security chief, General Li Dai who headed SACO while he was in Calcutta. His unit was sent across the Hump in a road convoy with equipment to support the invasion of China. Before the convoy arrived in Kunming, China, the atomic bombs were dropped and the war ended. En route to Kunming on the Burma Road, he relates several harrowing incidents and an attack by Chinese insurgents. Weskamp was next assigned to a motor pool near SACO headquarters in Chungking. After the camp was decommissioned, …
Date: May 10, 2001
Creator: Weskamp, Herman
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Don Peterson, January 10, 2001 transcript

Oral History Interview with Don Peterson, January 10, 2001

Transcript of an oral interview with Don Peterson. Mr Peterson was drafted into the Army but didn't want to do that so he joined the Navy because he wanted to fly. After Basic Training in Kansas City he got his wings in Corpus Christi. After flight training, he was sent to Astoria, Oregon and assigned to the USS Matanikua (CVE). He was assigned to the ship as a ship's officer, a line officer. He was also on the commissioning crew of another CVE (Commencement Bay), as part of the ship's company. He never had the opportunity to fly off a carrier or land on a carrier. He served as a test pilot in Bremerton, Washington while waiting for the Commencement Bay. The planes had come in for repair and maintenance. He went with the Commencement Bay to the South Pacific; he was the Flight Deck Officer and was qualified as the Officer of the Deck. Peterson tells the story of having to relieve the Captain as they were coming into port when he was the Officer of the Deck; afterwards, he was confined to his quarters. He was severely injured while serving as a Flight Deck Officer onboard the Commencement …
Date: January 10, 2001
Creator: Peterson, Don
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Alvin Advertiser (Alvin, Tex.), Ed. 1 Wednesday, January 10, 2001 (open access)

The Alvin Advertiser (Alvin, Tex.), Ed. 1 Wednesday, January 10, 2001

Weekly newspaper from Alvin, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 10, 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Micki and Jim George, May 10, 2001 transcript

Oral History Interview with Micki and Jim George, May 10, 2001

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Micki and Jim George. Micki George completed Cadet Nurse Corps training in 1948. She traveled with a USO Unit out of Dallas and worked with the Nurse Corps in California and with Special Services as a chauffeur, chaperone and pianist for performances. She was stationed in the US and did not travel overseas. Micki was discharged from military service in 1950. She and Jim met at the University of Texas at Austin, while completing their medical degrees. Jim joined the Army in December of 1945. He served in the Korean War as a combat medic in a field MASH Unit, and was discharged in 1950.
Date: May 10, 2001
Creator: George, Micki & George, Jim
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Lone Star Gazette (Dublin, Tex.), Vol. 2, No. 13, Ed. 1 Saturday, March 10, 2001 (open access)

Lone Star Gazette (Dublin, Tex.), Vol. 2, No. 13, Ed. 1 Saturday, March 10, 2001

Semimonthly newspaper from Dublin, Texas that includes area information on topics such as history, entertainment, reviews, and recipes along with advertising.
Date: March 10, 2001
Creator: Kestner, Laura
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Mannford Eagle (Mannford, Okla.), Vol. 20, No. 24, Ed. 1 Wednesday, October 10, 2001 (open access)

Mannford Eagle (Mannford, Okla.), Vol. 20, No. 24, Ed. 1 Wednesday, October 10, 2001

Weekly newspaper from Mannford, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 10, 2001
Creator: Retherford, Bill R.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Oral History Interview with Herman Weskamp, May 10, 2001 transcript

Oral History Interview with Herman Weskamp, May 10, 2001

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Herman Weskamp. Born in Mansfield, Colorado on 30 December 1923, Weskamp enrolled at Loyola University under the V-12 Program. After one year he was sent to Midshipman School at Notre Dame in 1943. He volunteered for a program called Amphibious Roger. He was sent to Fort Pierce, Florida for guerilla training in preparation for assignment in China. Upon completion of the training, he was transferred to Long Beach, California where he embarked on the USS General LeRoy Eltinge (AP-154) for transit to Calcutta, India. Weskamp was assigned to the Sino-American Cooperative Organization (SACO) as a Transportation Officer. He met Chiang Kai-shek and his security chief, General Li Dai who headed SACO while he was in Calcutta. His unit was sent across the Hump in a road convoy with equipment to support the invasion of China. Before the convoy arrived in Kunming, China, the atomic bombs were dropped and the war ended. En route to Kunming on the Burma Road, he relates several harrowing incidents and an attack by Chinese insurgents. Weskamp was next assigned to a motor pool near SACO headquarters in Chungking. After the camp was decommissioned, …
Date: May 10, 2001
Creator: Weskamp, Herman
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 79, No. 318, Ed. 1 Wednesday, October 10, 2001 (open access)

The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 79, No. 318, Ed. 1 Wednesday, October 10, 2001

Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 10, 2001
Creator: Cash, Wanda Garner
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 102, No. 75, Ed. 1 Sunday, June 10, 2001 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 102, No. 75, Ed. 1 Sunday, June 10, 2001

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: June 10, 2001
Creator: Bush, Michael
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Sapulpa Daily Herald (Sapulpa, Okla.), Vol. 85, No. 128, Ed. 1 Saturday, February 10, 2001 (open access)

Sapulpa Daily Herald (Sapulpa, Okla.), Vol. 85, No. 128, Ed. 1 Saturday, February 10, 2001

Daily newspaper from Sapulpa, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 10, 2001
Creator: Quinnelly, Lorrie J.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History