Fort Sill, the Chiricahua Apaches, and the Government's Promise of Permanent Residence (open access)

Fort Sill, the Chiricahua Apaches, and the Government's Promise of Permanent Residence

The Chiricahua Apaches spent nineteen years (1894-1913) as prisoners of war at Fort Sill in southwestern Oklahoma believing they had been promised permanent residency. This article addresses the rationale behind the government's decision to remove the Apaches from Fort Sill and explores the record to show why the Apaches and others believed they had been promised permanent residency there.
Date: Spring 2000
Creator: Haes, Brenda L.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
From Termination to Self-Determination: Indian Health in Oklahoma, 1954-1980, Part 1 (open access)

From Termination to Self-Determination: Indian Health in Oklahoma, 1954-1980, Part 1

Article evaluates the problems of Indian health care and the campaign led by Senator Fred Harris and others to correct a record of neglect.
Date: Winter 2007
Creator: Lowitt, Richard, 1922-2018
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Setbacks and Successes: Cameron University's Library, 1909-2000 (open access)

Setbacks and Successes: Cameron University's Library, 1909-2000

Article examines the Cameron library's policies for collections development, materials access, and constant improvement of buildings that helped this important regional institution reach full university status.
Date: Autumn 2007
Creator: Young, Sheridan Eleanor
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Evans and Clark Families: Borderlands Legacies in Western Oklahoma, 1875-1950 (open access)

The Evans and Clark Families: Borderlands Legacies in Western Oklahoma, 1875-1950

Article uses the lives of the Evans and Clark families to demonstrate evolving systems of racial discrimination in the emerging state of Oklahoma.
Date: Summer 2018
Creator: Truden, John
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Unforgotten Trailblazer: Nancy O. Randolph Davis (open access)

Unforgotten Trailblazer: Nancy O. Randolph Davis

Article presents a biography of equal education and civil rights activist, Nancy O. Randolph Davis. In her roles as a student, a teacher, and a NAACP Youth Council Sponsor, Nancy O. Randolph Davis fought for equality for African American young people and made possible the advancement of Oklahoma's civil rights movement.
Date: Winter 2012
Creator: Pollard, Gloria J.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Quanah Parker's Star House: A Comanche Home Along the White Man's Road (open access)

Quanah Parker's Star House: A Comanche Home Along the White Man's Road

Article describes the history of Star House and the influential Comanche leader, Quanah Parker, who established it. Larry C. Floyd provides background details of the difficult times Quanah Parker faced as a youth and his rise to become the shrewd businessman and political intermediary who entertained politicians, generals and wealthy cattlemen within his home.
Date: Summer 2012
Creator: Floyd, Larry C.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
From Termination to Self-Determination: Indian Health in Oklahoma, 1954-1980, Part 2 (open access)

From Termination to Self-Determination: Indian Health in Oklahoma, 1954-1980, Part 2

The second part of this two-part article continues the evaluation of the problems in Indian healthcare and the campaign led by Senators Fred Harris and Dewey Bartlett to correct a record of neglect. The healthcare problem after 1970 was linked to a new federal policy of tribal self-determination.
Date: Spring 2008
Creator: Lowitt, Richard, 1922-2018
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
General Sherman's Letter to His Son: A Visit to Fort Sill (open access)

General Sherman's Letter to His Son: A Visit to Fort Sill

Article recounts a letter sent from General William Sherman to his son detailing the events that occurred at Fort Sill and his attitudes towards the American Indian population. General Sherman and his troops were sent to the fort as additional protection for frontiersmen against hostiles that lived in the area.
Date: Summer 1969
Creator: Merrill, James M.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Fort Sill and the Birth of US Combat Aviation (open access)

Fort Sill and the Birth of US Combat Aviation

Article covers the history of Fort Sill as an aircraft, artillery unit, and observation balloon training center throughout both World War I and World War II, providing historical context for its importance in the field of military aviation.
Date: Spring 2019
Creator: Wikle, Thomas A.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Jake Hamon: "The Man Who Made Harding President" (open access)

Jake Hamon: "The Man Who Made Harding President"

Article details the life and career of Jacob "Jake" Hamon, legendary Oklahoma oilman and politician. An ambitious, opportunistic man in search of a presidential cabinet appointment, Hamon used money and influence to manipulate the selection of Warren G. Harding as the Republican Party's nominee in 1920.
Date: Autumn 2009
Creator: Floyd, Larry C.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History