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War Powers Litigation Initiated by Members of Congress Since the Enactment of the War Powers Resolution (open access)

War Powers Litigation Initiated by Members of Congress Since the Enactment of the War Powers Resolution

This report summarizes the eight cases initiated by Members of Congress in which final rulings were reached, which concerned U.S. military activities in El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Grenada; military action taken during the Persian Gulf conflict between Iraq and Iran; U.S. activities in response to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait (prior to the congressional authorization); U.S. participation in NATO's action in Kosovo and Yugoslavia; and U.S. military action in Libya.
Date: February 17, 2012
Creator: Garcia, Michael John
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Bambo War Under the Tropic Sun (open access)

A Bambo War Under the Tropic Sun

A narrative written by Harold Norman Denny about experiences fighting with the Marine Corps in Nicaragua during the late-1920s.
Date: 1927/1934~
Creator: Denny, Harold Norman
Object Type: Article
System: The Portal to Texas History
Current Study 11, Chapter 5. Communist Activities in Latin America (open access)

Current Study 11, Chapter 5. Communist Activities in Latin America

This booklet is the fifth chapter of a training course developed for Air Force Reserve personnel about the Cold War's impact on world affairs. This chapter "is intended to show how the Communists have attempted to subvert the Latin American nations as a step toward the avowed Communist goal of world domination, and to show how the United States and other American Republics are meeting the perilous Communist threat" (p. 1). This booklet includes background information, analysis, review questions, and a list of readings for further study.
Date: April 1964
Creator: Air University (U.S.)
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The Portal to Texas History
Personal File of Private First Class George W. Stone, U.S.M.C. (open access)

Personal File of Private First Class George W. Stone, U.S.M.C.

Scrapbook compiled by George Stone documenting his time in the U.S. Marine Corps during the 1920s.
Date: 1926-09/1971-06
Creator: Stone, George W.
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Marine, Volume 1, Number 2, February 3, 1945 (open access)

The Marine, Volume 1, Number 2, February 3, 1945

Monthly newsletter of the U.S. Marines' Fifth Regiment stationed in Nicaragua containing news and various information of interest to subscribers.
Date: February 3, 1945
Creator: Marine Corps Air Station-Cherry Point. North Carolina.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Memo with Secretary of the Navy's farewell address, 7 March 1929] (open access)

[Memo with Secretary of the Navy's farewell address, 7 March 1929]

Official Second Marine Brigade memo with a radio transcript of Navy Secretary Curtis D. Wilbur's farewell message to the Navy and Marine Corps. Wilbur left office and was succeeded by Charles F. Adams III on March 4, 1929.
Date: March 7, 1929
Creator: Berkeley, R. C. & Wilbur, Curtis D.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Report of Engagement with Bandits near Quilali for the Information of the Marine Command, 1 January, 1928 (open access)

Report of Engagement with Bandits near Quilali for the Information of the Marine Command, 1 January, 1928

A report from USMC Col. L. M. Gulick in Nicaragua to his command element, detailing a battle between Marine forces and Sandinista guerillas near Quilalí on December 30, 1927, including a list of killed- and wounded-in-action marines.
Date: January 1, 1928
Creator: Gulick, L. M.
Object Type: Report
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Photograph of a Park in Managua]

A photograph of a park in Managua in the 1920s. A very large gathering of people can be seen, as can an entrance and exit to an attraction called "The Whip." Two buildings are in the background, and a few stands are visible in the crowd.
Date: 1920/1929%
Creator: Stone, George W.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History
Arms Shipments to Iran (open access)

Arms Shipments to Iran

This report provides background and examines key questions in regards to the shipments of arms to Iran and the subsequent diversion of funds to Nicaraguan guerrillas by the Reagan Administration.
Date: April 3, 1987
Creator: Preece, Richard M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Second Brigade News, Volume 2, Number 10, March 10, 1929 (open access)

Second Brigade News, Volume 2, Number 10, March 10, 1929

Weekly newsletter of the U.S. Marines' Second Brigade stationed in Nicaragua containing news and various information of interest to subscribers.
Date: March 10, 1929
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Liberty Pass for George W. Stone, 1 December 1928] (open access)

[Liberty Pass for George W. Stone, 1 December 1928]

Liberty pass for Cpl. George W. Stone from 1:40 PM, 1 December, to 4:20 PM, 2 December, 1928, including orders to report to the 2nd Battalion Commander in Grenada when visiting the city.
Date: December 1, 1928
Creator: Brown, Dudley S.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Marine, Number [1], November 1927 (open access)

The Marine, Number [1], November 1927

Monthly newsletter of the U.S. Marines' Fifth Regiment stationed in Nicaragua containing news and various information of interest to subscribers. This issue may be incomplete.
Date: November 1927
Creator: Allyn, Cecil S.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Memo regarding Presidential Commendation, 5 January 1929] (open access)

[Memo regarding Presidential Commendation, 5 January 1929]

Official memo of Second Marine Brigade relaying a commendation via radio message from President Calvin Coolidge to US Marines in Nicaragua, on the occasion of the new Nicaraguan government's installation.
Date: January 5, 1929
Creator: Berkeley, R. C.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Marine, Number 5, April 1928 (open access)

The Marine, Number 5, April 1928

Monthly newsletter of the U.S. Marines' Fifth Regiment stationed in Nicaragua containing news and various information of interest to subscribers.
Date: April 1928
Creator: Allyn, Cecil S.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Marine, Number 4, March 1928 (open access)

The Marine, Number 4, March 1928

Monthly newsletter of the U.S. Marines' Fifth Regiment stationed in Nicaragua containing news and various information of interest to subscribers.
Date: March 1928
Creator: Allyn, Cecil S.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from 1st Lt. WM. H. Hollingsworth, USMC, 4 August 1928] (open access)

[Letter from 1st Lt. WM. H. Hollingsworth, USMC, 4 August 1928]

Letter of approval by 1st Lt. WM. H. Hollingsworth, stipulating that PFC George W. Stone has permission to be off-station for a visit to Grenada, Nicaragua.
Date: August 4, 1928
Creator: Hollingsworth, WM. H.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
[News Clip: Nicaragua Series, Part 4] captions transcript

[News Clip: Nicaragua Series, Part 4]

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.
Date: January 25, 1985, 10:00 p.m.
Creator: KXAS-TV (Television station : Fort Worth, Tex.)
Object Type: Video
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Transfer Order #119, USMC, 21 May 1929] (open access)

[Transfer Order #119, USMC, 21 May 1929]

Official orders of Colonel Backstrom, commander of Fifth Marine Regiment, for the transfer of fifty-two Marines from Nicaragua to Marine Corps Base San Diego via the USS Cuyama on 25 May 1929.
Date: May 21, 1929
Creator: Strong, F. D.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
["Casino Champions" Certificate for G. W. Stone & G. J. Foley] (open access)

["Casino Champions" Certificate for G. W. Stone & G. J. Foley]

A certificate recognizing Cpl. George W. Stone and Cpl. Gerald J. Foley as "Casino Champions," signed by "ex-champions" Cpl. Harry Leon and Pvt. Roger E. Alcott. The certificate is typed on office paper of the Fifth Marine Regiment, Second Bridge HQ in Managua, Nicaragua.
Date: October 28, 1928
Creator: Leon, Harry & Alcott, Roger E.
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Orders for the Burial of Deceased Marines, 29 September 1927] (open access)

[Orders for the Burial of Deceased Marines, 29 September 1927]

Official orders from Fifth Marine Regiment Headquarters in Managua detailing the procedure for burying dead Marines when return of their bodies to HQ is not possible.
Date: September 29, 1927
Creator: Hollingsworth, W.M. H.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from "El Medico Director" to Corporal John C. Szymezak, 30 March 1929] (open access)

[Letter from "El Medico Director" to Corporal John C. Szymezak, 30 March 1929]

A joke letter from "El Medico Director Ud. S. Loco" to Cpl. John Szymezak with orders for him to return to the United States from Nicaragua for admission to a sanitarium.
Date: unknown
Creator: Stone, George W.
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Memo regarding Marines & Mother's Day Flowers, 19 March, 1929] (open access)

[Memo regarding Marines & Mother's Day Flowers, 19 March, 1929]

Official memo for Second Marine Brigade regarding a radio communication (# 8618) from Marine Corps Headquarters, explaining procedures for Marines in Nicaragua to have flowers delivered to their mothers on Mother's Day.
Date: March 19, 1929
Creator: Berkeley, R. C. & Smith, W. Dulty
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from R. R. Wallace to George W. Stone, 9 July 1928] (open access)

[Letter from R. R. Wallace to George W. Stone, 9 July 1928]

Letter from Colonel R. R. Wallace, commander of Fifth Marine Regiment, to PFC George W. Stone notifying him of his appointment to Specialist 5th Class and assignment as a clerk.
Date: July 9, 1928
Creator: Wallace, R. R.
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Flyer for "Stag Party" at Virginia Bar in Managua] (open access)

[Flyer for "Stag Party" at Virginia Bar in Managua]

Flyer advertising a "Stag Party" for US Marines in Managua at the Virginia Bar on August 1st, 1928, including a musical program and ticket.
Date: July 1928
Creator: Virginia Bar (Managua, Nicaragua)
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The Portal to Texas History