This chapter explores gender disparities in enrollment and persistence in STEM undergraduate education in England. The authors examine the difference in early educational achievement in mathematics and science subjects and students’ plan to study STEM subjects by gender. They also examine women’s odds of studying STEM subjects in England after controlling for academic performance and social class characteristics. The authors also particularly test gendered differences in studying STEM at prestigious Russell Group universities. Finally, the authors highlight factors that policy makers, researchers, instructors, and STEM workforce members should consider to close gender gaps in STEM undergraduate education.