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626 Matching Results
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Omega phase formation in titanium and titanium alloys
Although the response of titanium alloys to dynamic loading is receiving increased attention in the literature (particularly in the area of shear-band formation), a more limited experimental database exists concerning the detailed structure/property relationships of titanium alloys subjected to shock loading. In this study, preliminary results concerning the influence of alloy chemistry on the property of omega-phase formation and its structure in three titanium alloys are presented. The influence of shock-wave deformation on the phase stability and substructure evolution of high-purity (low-interstitial) titanium, A-70 (3700 ppm oxygen) titanium, and Ti-6Al-4V were probed utilizing real-time velocity interferometry (VISAR) and soft'' shock-recovery techniques. VISAR wave profiles of shock-loaded high-purity titanium revealed the omega-phase pressure-induced transition to occur at approximately 10.4 GPa. Wave profile measurements on A-70 Ti shocked to pressures up to 35 GPa and Ti-6Al-4V shocked to pressures up to 25 GPa exhibited no evidence of a three-wave structure indicative of a pressure-induced phase transition. Neutron and X-ray diffractometry and TEM analysis confirmed the presence of retained {omega}-phase in the electrolytic-Ti and the absence of {omega}-phase in the shock-recovered A-70 Ti and Ti-6Al-4V. Suppression of the {alpha}-{omega} phase transition in A-70 Ti, containing a high interstitial oxygen content, is seen to …
Date:
January 1, 1992
Creator:
Gray, G. T., III; Morris, C. E. & Lawson, A. C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Omega phase formation in titanium and titanium alloys
Although the response of titanium alloys to dynamic loading is receiving increased attention in the literature (particularly in the area of shear-band formation), a more limited experimental database exists concerning the detailed structure/property relationships of titanium alloys subjected to shock loading. In this study, preliminary results concerning the influence of alloy chemistry on the property of omega-phase formation and its structure in three titanium alloys are presented. The influence of shock-wave deformation on the phase stability and substructure evolution of high-purity (low-interstitial) titanium, A-70 (3700 ppm oxygen) titanium, and Ti-6Al-4V were probed utilizing real-time velocity interferometry (VISAR) and ``soft`` shock-recovery techniques. VISAR wave profiles of shock-loaded high-purity titanium revealed the omega-phase pressure-induced transition to occur at approximately 10.4 GPa. Wave profile measurements on A-70 Ti shocked to pressures up to 35 GPa and Ti-6Al-4V shocked to pressures up to 25 GPa exhibited no evidence of a three-wave structure indicative of a pressure-induced phase transition. Neutron and X-ray diffractometry and TEM analysis confirmed the presence of retained {omega}-phase in the electrolytic-Ti and the absence of {omega}-phase in the shock-recovered A-70 Ti and Ti-6Al-4V. Suppression of the {alpha}-{omega} phase transition in A-70 Ti, containing a high interstitial oxygen content, is seen to …
Date:
May 1, 1992
Creator:
Gray, G. T., III; Morris, C. E. & Lawson, A. C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics annual report, 1 October 1990--30 September 1991
This report discusses: progress in laser fusion; advanced technology developments; national laser users facility news; and laser system report.
Date:
January 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics annual report, 1 October 1990--30 September 1991
This report discusses: progress in laser fusion; advanced technology developments; national laser users facility news; and laser system report.
Date:
January 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fugitive dust control experiments using directed airflow in dumping operations
Experiments were conducted to evaluate the degree of dust control for using directed airflow in a funnel during dumping operations. Retrieved buried transuranic waste or overburden soils are expected to require focusing the retrieved material into a transporter box with a funnel and control of transuranic-contaminated dust at the funnel is mandatory. In these experiments, the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory soil was dumped into a full-scale funnel (capable of focusing waste into a 4 {times} 4 {times} 8 ft box) that was specially equipped with a directed airflow into the funnel. The degree of dust control was determined by comparing collected dust on filters in high volume samplers (strategically located) for a baseline case with no airflow to cases with airflow. Tests involving airflow into the funnel spanned a range of airflows at the opening between 15--100 linear feet per minute. The basic result is that the directed airflow concept is adequate to control dust spread during dumping.
Date:
July 1, 1992
Creator:
Winberg, M. R.; Menkhaus, D. E.; Thompson, D. N. & Wixom, V. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Engineering-scale in situ vitrification of simulated Oak Ridge National Laboratory liquid waste seepage trenches
An engineering-scale test of in situ vitrification (ISV) was successfully completed in January 1990 using Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) nonradioactive cesium (CS)-spiked soils. The objectives of this engineering-scale ISV test were to: (1) assess the application of electrode feeding to ORNL soils; (2) evaluate several real-time temperature monitoring methods for the melt; (3) evaluate Cs retention in the glass; and (4) determine the effectiveness of a pretreatment filter for removal of Cs from the off-gas stream. The test was part of a larger program to determine the applicability of the ISV process as a remedial action technique for the treatment of ORNL liquid waste seepage trenches.
Date:
March 1, 1992
Creator:
Peterson, M. E.; Powell, T. D. & Timmerman, C. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fugitive dust control experiments using directed airflow in dumping operations
Experiments were conducted to evaluate the degree of dust control for using directed airflow in a funnel during dumping operations. Retrieved buried transuranic waste or overburden soils are expected to require focusing the retrieved material into a transporter box with a funnel and control of transuranic-contaminated dust at the funnel is mandatory. In these experiments, the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory soil was dumped into a full-scale funnel (capable of focusing waste into a 4 {times} 4 {times} 8 ft box) that was specially equipped with a directed airflow into the funnel. The degree of dust control was determined by comparing collected dust on filters in high volume samplers (strategically located) for a baseline case with no airflow to cases with airflow. Tests involving airflow into the funnel spanned a range of airflows at the opening between 15--100 linear feet per minute. The basic result is that the directed airflow concept is adequate to control dust spread during dumping.
Date:
July 1, 1992
Creator:
Winberg, M. R.; Menkhaus, D. E.; Thompson, D. N. & Wixom, V. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Engineering-scale in situ vitrification of simulated Oak Ridge National Laboratory liquid waste seepage trenches
An engineering-scale test of in situ vitrification (ISV) was successfully completed in January 1990 using Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) nonradioactive cesium (CS)-spiked soils. The objectives of this engineering-scale ISV test were to: (1) assess the application of electrode feeding to ORNL soils; (2) evaluate several real-time temperature monitoring methods for the melt; (3) evaluate Cs retention in the glass; and (4) determine the effectiveness of a pretreatment filter for removal of Cs from the off-gas stream. The test was part of a larger program to determine the applicability of the ISV process as a remedial action technique for the treatment of ORNL liquid waste seepage trenches.
Date:
March 1, 1992
Creator:
Peterson, M.E.; Powell, T.D. & Timmerman, C.L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ion Bernstein wave heating research
Ion Bernstein wave heating (IBWH) utilizes the ion Bernstein wave (IBW), a hot plasma wave, to carry the radio frequency (rf) power to heat tokamak reactor core. Earlier wave accessibility studies have shown that this finite-Larmor-radius (FLR) mode should penetrate into a hot dense reactor plasma core without significant attenuation. Moreover, the IBW's low phase velocity ({omega}/k{sub {perpendicular}} {approx} V{sub Ti} {much lt} V{sub {alpha}}) greatly reduces the otherwise serious wave absorption by the 3.5 MeV fusion {alpha}-particles. In addition, the property of IBW's that k{sub {perpendicular}} {rho}{sub i} {approx} 1 makes localized bulk ion heating possible at the ion cyclotron harmonic layers. Such bulk ion heating can prove useful in optimizing fusion reactivity. In another vein, with proper selection of parameters, IBW's can be made subject to strong localized electron Landau damping near the major ion cyclotron harmonic resonance layers. This property can be useful, for example, for rf current drive in the reactor plasma core. This paper discusses this research.
Date:
March 1, 1992
Creator:
Ono, Masayuki.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ion Bernstein wave heating research
Ion Bernstein wave heating (IBWH) utilizes the ion Bernstein wave (IBW), a hot plasma wave, to carry the radio frequency (rf) power to heat tokamak reactor core. Earlier wave accessibility studies have shown that this finite-Larmor-radius (FLR) mode should penetrate into a hot dense reactor plasma core without significant attenuation. Moreover, the IBW`s low phase velocity ({omega}/k{sub {perpendicular}} {approx} V{sub Ti} {much_lt} V{sub {alpha}}) greatly reduces the otherwise serious wave absorption by the 3.5 MeV fusion {alpha}-particles. In addition, the property of IBW`s that k{sub {perpendicular}} {rho}{sub i} {approx} 1 makes localized bulk ion heating possible at the ion cyclotron harmonic layers. Such bulk ion heating can prove useful in optimizing fusion reactivity. In another vein, with proper selection of parameters, IBW`s can be made subject to strong localized electron Landau damping near the major ion cyclotron harmonic resonance layers. This property can be useful, for example, for rf current drive in the reactor plasma core. This paper discusses this research.
Date:
March 1, 1992
Creator:
Ono, Masayuki
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fast Neutron Radiation Damage Effects on High Resistivity Silicon Junction Detectors. Revision
P{sup +}{minus}n{sup {minus}}{minus}n{sup +} silicon radiation detectors made of high resistivity Si material ({rho} {ge} 2 k{Omega}-cm) were irradiated to a neutron fluence of a few times of 10{sup 13} n/cm{sup 2}. Dependence of detector leakage current, reverse bias capacitance, and effective doping concentration of the Si substrate on the neutron fluence have been systematically studied. It has been found that the detector leakage current increases linearly with neutron fluence in the range studies, with a damage constant of {alpha} = 9 {times} 10{sup {minus}17} A/cm ({Delta}I = {alpha}V{Delta}{phi}{sub n}), and the C-V characteristics of detectors irradiated to {phi}{sub n} > 10{sup 12} n/cm{sup 2} become frequency dependent. Models using several defect levels in the band gap are proposed to describe the frequency dependent C-V effects and the electrical field profiles after high neutron fluence irradiation.
Date:
January 1992
Creator:
Li, Zheng & Kraner, H. W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fast neutron radiation damage effects on high resistivity silicon junction detectors
P{sup +}{minus}n{sup {minus}}{minus}n{sup +} silicon radiation detectors made of high resistivity Si material ({rho} {ge} 2 k{Omega}-cm) were irradiated to a neutron fluence of a few times of 10{sup 13} n/cm{sup 2}. Dependence of detector leakage current, reverse bias capacitance, and effective doping concentration of the Si substrate on the neutron fluence have been systematically studied. It has been found that the detector leakage current increases linearly with neutron fluence in the range studies, with a damage constant of {alpha} = 9 {times} 10{sup {minus}17} A/cm ({Delta}I = {alpha}V{Delta}{phi}{sub n}), and the C-V characteristics of detectors irradiated to {phi}{sub n} > 10{sup 12} n/cm{sup 2} become frequency dependent. Models using several defect levels in the band gap are proposed to describe the frequency dependent C-V effects and the electrical field profiles after high neutron fluence irradiation.
Date:
January 1, 1992
Creator:
Li, Zheng & Kraner, H. W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of contractor cells. Technical status report, Phase 1 report
The microgrooved passivated emitter solar cell approach combines a thin diffused top junction layer of approximately 0.2{mu}m depth and 120--180{Omega}/square sheet resistance with a tin (100--200A) silicon dioxide surface passivation layer. The front gridlines sit on top of a heavily diffused N++ region to reduce contact resistance between front gridlines and the N surface. High-quality float zone silicon with nominal resistivity of 0.20{Omega}-cm or 0.15 {Omega}-cm is used for this work. To achieve the highest possible concentration performance and lower system cost, the cell area was educed to 1 square centimeter from 1.58 square centimeters used at the University of new South Wales. The gridlines spacing is 127 microns designed to match the available prismatic cover. The baseline process requites four lithographic masking steps. A single lift-of process for evaporated gridlines is used to provide 8-microns-thick metallization to avoid the non-uniform metal plating and disposal of hazardous plating solutions. The front and back contact materials are space-qualified, vacuum-deposited layers of titanium-palladium and silver. A double-layer antireflection coating of TiO{sub x}and Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} is used to reduce surface reflection from the cells; this antireflection coating is designed to match with the SiO{sub 2} passivation layer. Four different gridlines widths (20, …
Date:
June 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Experimental nuclear physics]
An earlier study of unusual electromagnetic decays in {sup 86}Zr was extended in order to make comparisons with its isotone {sup 84}Sr and with {sup 84}Zr. The K=14 (t {sub {1/2}} = 70 ns) high-spin isomer in {sup 176}W was found to have a 13% branch directly to the K=O ground-state band, one of the strongest violations of K-selection rules known. A new program to search for a predicted region of oblate deformation involving neutron deficient isotopes in the Rn/Fr/Ra region was begun. In the area of nuclear astrophysics, as part of a study of the onset of the rp-Process, a set of measurements searching for possible new resonances for {sup 14}O+{alpha} and {sup 17}F+p reactions was completed and a coincidence experiment measuring the {sup 19}F({sup 3}He,t){sup 19}Ne({alpha}){sup 15}O and {sup 19}F({sup 3}He,t){sup 19}Ne(p){sup 18}F reactions in order to determine the rates of the {sup 18}F(p,{alpha}){sup 15}O and {sup 18}F(p,{gamma}){sup 19}Ne reactions was begun. Experimental measurements of {beta}n{alpha} coincidences from the {sup 15}N(d,p){sup 16}N({beta}{sup {minus}}{nu}){sup 16}O({alpha}){sup 12}C reaction have also been completed and are currently being analyzed to determine the rate of the {sup 12}C({alpha},{gamma}) reaction. In the APEX collaboration, we have completed the assembly and testing of two position-sensitive …
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Experimental nuclear physics]. [Physics Dept. , Yale Univ]
An earlier study of unusual electromagnetic decays in [sup 86]Zr was extended in order to make comparisons with its isotone [sup 84]Sr and with [sup 84]Zr. The K=14 (t [sub [1/2]] = 70 ns) high-spin isomer in [sup 176]W was found to have a 13% branch directly to the K=O ground-state band, one of the strongest violations of K-selection rules known. A new program to search for a predicted region of oblate deformation involving neutron deficient isotopes in the Rn/Fr/Ra region was begun. In the area of nuclear astrophysics, as part of a study of the onset of the rp-Process, a set of measurements searching for possible new resonances for [sup 14]O+[alpha] and [sup 17]F+p reactions was completed and a coincidence experiment measuring the [sup 19]F([sup 3]He,t)[sup 19]Ne([alpha])[sup 15]O and [sup 19]F([sup 3]He,t)[sup 19]Ne(p)[sup 18]F reactions in order to determine the rates of the [sup 18]F(p,[alpha])[sup 15]O and [sup 18]F(p,[gamma])[sup 19]Ne reactions was begun. Experimental measurements of [beta]n[alpha] coincidences from the [sup 15]N(d,p)[sup 16]N([beta][sup [minus]][nu])[sup 16]O([alpha])[sup 12]C reaction have also been completed and are currently being analyzed to determine the rate of the [sup 12]C([alpha],[gamma]) reaction. In the APEX collaboration, we have completed the assembly and testing of two position-sensitive …
Date:
January 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Corrosion of aluminum cladding under optimized water conditions
Experience at SRS, ORNL, BNL, and Georgia Institute of Technology involving irradiated aluminum clad fuel and target elements, as well as studies of non-irradiated aluminum indicate that some types of aluminum assemblies can be kept in a continually well-deionized water atmosphere for up to 25 years without problems. SRS experience ranges from 2.75 years for the L-1.1 charge kept in deionized D{sub 2}O{sup 1} to greater than 10 years for assemblies stored in the Receiving Basin for Off-site Fuel (RBOF){sup 2}. Experience at Georgia Institute of Technology reactor in Atlanta yielded the longest value of 25 years without problems. The common denominators in all of the reports is that the water is continually deionized to approximately 2 M{Omega} (2 {times} 10{sup 6}ohms) resistivity and the containers for the water are stainless steel or other non-porous material. This resistivity value is equivalent to a value of 0.5 micromhos or microSiemens conductivity and is reagent grade II quality water.{sup 3} 4 tabs, 26 refs.
Date:
July 8, 1992
Creator:
Gibbs, A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Corrosion of aluminum cladding under optimized water conditions
Experience at SRS, ORNL, BNL, and Georgia Institute of Technology involving irradiated aluminum clad fuel and target elements, as well as studies of non-irradiated aluminum indicate that some types of aluminum assemblies can be kept in a continually well-deionized water atmosphere for up to 25 years without problems. SRS experience ranges from 2.75 years for the L-1.1 charge kept in deionized D[sub 2]O[sup 1] to greater than 10 years for assemblies stored in the Receiving Basin for Off-site Fuel (RBOF)[sup 2]. Experience at Georgia Institute of Technology reactor in Atlanta yielded the longest value of 25 years without problems. The common denominators in all of the reports is that the water is continually deionized to approximately 2 M[Omega] (2 [times] 10[sup 6]ohms) resistivity and the containers for the water are stainless steel or other non-porous material. This resistivity value is equivalent to a value of 0.5 micromhos or microSiemens conductivity and is reagent grade II quality water.[sup 3] 4 tabs, 26 refs.
Date:
July 8, 1992
Creator:
Gibbs, A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Task A, High Energy Physics Program experiment and theory: Task B, High Energy Physics Program numerical simulation of quantum field theories. Progress report, July 1, 1991--June 30, 1992
The effort of the experimental group has been concentrated on the CERN ALEPH and FERMILAB D0 collider experiments and completion of two fixed target experiments. The BNL fixed target experiment 771 took the world`s largest sample of D(1285) and E/iota(1420) events, using pion, kaon and antiproton beams. Observing the following resonances: 0{sup {minus_plus}} [1280], 1{sup {plus}{plus}} [1280], 0{sup {minus_plus}} [1420], 0{sup {minus_plus}} [1470], 1{sup {plus_minus}} [1415]. The Fermilab fixed target experiment E711, dihadron production in pN interactions at 800 GeV, completed data reduction and analysis. The atomic weight dependence, when parameterized as {sigma}(A) = {sigma}{sub o}A{sup {alpha}}, yielded a value of {alpha} = 1.043 {plus_minus} 0.011 {plus_minus} .012. The cross section per nucleon and angular distributions was also measured as a function of two particle mass and agrees very well with QCD calculations. The D0 Fermilab Collider Experiment E740 began its first data taking run in April 1992. The CERN collider experiment ALEPH at LEP is presently taking more data. The Z mass and width, the couplings to the upper and lower components of the hadronic isospin doublet, forward-backward asymmetries of hadronic events, and measurements of the fragmentation process have been made. The effort of detector development for the SSC …
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Task A, High Energy Physics Program experiment and theory: Task B, High Energy Physics Program numerical simulation of quantum field theories. [Particle Physics Group, Physics Dept. , The Florida State Univ. , Tallahassee]
The effort of the experimental group has been concentrated on the CERN ALEPH and FERMILAB D0 collider experiments and completion of two fixed target experiments. The BNL fixed target experiment 771 took the world's largest sample of D(1285) and E/iota(1420) events, using pion, kaon and antiproton beams. Observing the following resonances: 0[sup [minus plus]] [1280], 1[sup [plus][plus]] [1280], 0[sup [minus plus]] [1420], 0[sup [minus plus]] [1470], 1[sup [plus minus]] [1415]. The Fermilab fixed target experiment E711, dihadron production in pN interactions at 800 GeV, completed data reduction and analysis. The atomic weight dependence, when parameterized as [sigma](A) = [sigma][sub o]A[sup [alpha]], yielded a value of [alpha] = 1.043 [plus minus] 0.011 [plus minus] .012. The cross section per nucleon and angular distributions was also measured as a function of two particle mass and agrees very well with QCD calculations. The D0 Fermilab Collider Experiment E740 began its first data taking run in April 1992. The CERN collider experiment ALEPH at LEP is presently taking more data. The Z mass and width, the couplings to the upper and lower components of the hadronic isospin doublet, forward-backward asymmetries of hadronic events, and measurements of the fragmentation process have been made. The effort …
Date:
January 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Large orbit magnetic confinement systems for advanced fusion fuels. Final technical report, April 1, 1990--February 29, 1992
The objective of the grant/contract was to illuminate the problem of magnetic confinement for plasmas where the majority of ions have large gyro-orbits and do not obey adiabatic particle dynamics. The electrons are adiabatic. We considered a class of equilibria where large orbit ions dominate; the equilibria are rigorous solutions of the Vlasov/Maxwell equations. For a simple cse -- the infinitely long, low beta, rotating plasma a complete stability analysis was carried out. This problem was the basis of the first paper on finite Larmor radius stabilization. In that paper an expansion in {var_epsilon} = {bar {alpha}}{sub i}/r{sub o} was carried out to the first significant order beyond MHD. In this report the same problem is solved to all orders in {var_epsilon}. While this case is of limited applicability to experiments it is rigorous and without approximations, so that it can be used to verify approximations to be developed for more complex and useful cases. The application of the results to date to small fusion reactors is described in the second paper which was written after the termination of the contract, but is based in part on material developed during the contract period.
Date:
July 1, 1992
Creator:
Rostoker, N.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Operational Health Physics Training
This revised publication updates a previous report (ANL-7291) initially published in 1965, entitled Radiation Safety Technician Training Course which was intended to complement on-the-job monitoring training for Health Physics Technicians. Sections include basic information concerning atomic structure and other useful physical quantities, natural radioactivity, the properties of alpha, beta, gamma, x rays and neutrons, and the concepts and units of radiation dosimetry (including SI units).
Date:
June 1992
Creator:
Moe, H. J. & Vallario, Edward J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Large orbit magnetic confinement systems for advanced fusion fuels
The objective of the grant/contract was to illuminate the problem of magnetic confinement for plasmas where the majority of ions have large gyro-orbits and do not obey adiabatic particle dynamics. The electrons are adiabatic. We considered a class of equilibria where large orbit ions dominate; the equilibria are rigorous solutions of the Vlasov/Maxwell equations. For a simple cse -- the infinitely long, low beta, rotating plasma a complete stability analysis was carried out. This problem was the basis of the first paper on finite Larmor radius stabilization. In that paper an expansion in {var epsilon} = {bar {alpha}}{sub i}/r{sub o} was carried out to the first significant order beyond MHD. In this report the same problem is solved to all orders in {var epsilon}. While this case is of limited applicability to experiments it is rigorous and without approximations, so that it can be used to verify approximations to be developed for more complex and useful cases. The application of the results to date to small fusion reactors is described in the second paper which was written after the termination of the contract, but is based in part on material developed during the contract period.
Date:
January 1, 1992
Creator:
Rostoker, N.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Zircons and fluids: An experimental investigation with applications for radioactive waste disposal
The long-term stability of nuclear waste forms or barriers is related to changes in physical properties of the material induced through radiation damage and subsequent changes in solubility. Investigations conducted by us on natural zircons (ZrSiO{sub 4}) supports a positive correlation between level of alpha damage and fluid composition to enhanced levels of corrosion. New data are presented on the nature and rate of the solution process. We also present data on our continuing efforts to synthesize and characterize both pure ZrSiO{sub 4} and doped with U, Th, Hf, Dy and P.
Date:
1992~
Creator:
Sinha, A.K.; Student, J. & Essex, R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Operational health physics training
The initial four sections treat basic information concerning atomic structure and other useful physical quantities, natural radioactivity, the properties of {alpha}, {beta}, {gamma}, x rays and neutrons, and the concepts and units of radiation dosimetry (including SI units). Section 5 deals with biological effects and the risks associated with radiation exposure. Background radiation and man-made sources are discussed next. The basic recommendations of the ICRP concerning dose limitations: justification, optimization (ALARA concepts and applications) and dose limits are covered in Section seven. Section eight is an expanded version of shielding, and the internal dosimetry discussion has been extensively revised to reflect the concepts contained in the MIRD methodology and ICRP 30. The remaining sections discuss the operational health physics approach to monitoring radiation. Individual sections include radiation detection principles, instrument operation and counting statistics, health physics instruments and personnel monitoring devices. The last five sections deal with the nature of, operation principles of, health physics aspects of, and monitoring approaches to air sampling, reactors, nuclear safety, gloveboxes and hot cells, accelerators and x ray sources. Decontamination, waste disposal and transportation of radionuclides are added topics. Several appendices containing constants, symbols, selected mathematical topics, and the Chart of the Nuclides, and …
Date:
June 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library