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A statistical study of the macroepidemiology of air pollution and total mortality (open access)

A statistical study of the macroepidemiology of air pollution and total mortality

A statistical analysis of spatial patterns of 1980 US urban total mortality (all causes) was performed, evaluating demographic, socioeconomic and air pollution factors as predictors. Specific mortality predictors included cigarette smoking, drinking water hardness, heating fuel use, and 1978-1982 annual concentrations of the following air pollutants: ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfate aerosol, particulate concentrations of lead, iron, cadmium, manganese, vanadium, as well as total and fine particle mass concentrations from the inhalable particulate network (dichotomous samplers). In addition, estimates of sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, and sulfate aerosol were made for each city using the ASTRAP long-range transport diffusion model, and entered into the analysis as independent variables. Because the number of cities with valid air quality and water hardness data varied considerably by pollutant, it was necessary to consider several different data sets, ranging from 48 to 952 cities. The relatively strong associations (ca. 5--10%) shown for 1980 pollution with 1980 total mortality are generally not confirmed by independent studies, for example, in Europe. In addition, the US studies did not find those pollutants with known adverse health effects at the concentrations in question (such as ozone or CO) to be associated with mortality. The question of causality vs. circumstantial …
Date: April 1, 1988
Creator: Lipfert, F.W.; Malone, R.G.; Daum, M.L.; Mendell, N.R. & Yang, Chin-Chun
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Reference commercial high-level waste glass and canister definition. (open access)

Reference commercial high-level waste glass and canister definition.

This report presents technical data and performance characteristics of a high-level waste glass and canister intended for use in the design of a complete waste encapsulation package suitable for disposal in a geologic repository. The borosilicate glass contained in the stainless steel canister represents the probable type of high-level waste product that will be produced in a commercial nuclear-fuel reprocessing plant. Development history is summarized for high-level liquid waste compositions, waste glass composition and characteristics, and canister design. The decay histories of the fission products and actinides (plus daughters) calculated by the ORIGEN-II code are presented.
Date: September 1, 1981
Creator: Slate, S.C.; Ross, W.A. & Partain, W.L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Historical monthly energy review, 1973--1992 (open access)

Historical monthly energy review, 1973--1992

The Historical Monthly Energy Review (HMER) presents monthly and annual data from 1973 through 1992 on production, consumption, stocks, imports, exports, and prices of the principal energy commodities in the United States. Also included are data on international production of crude oil, consumption of petroleum products, petroleum stocks, and production of electricity from nuclear-powered facilities. This edition of the HMER extends the original HMER in several ways: (1) Four additional years of monthly data, 1989--1992, have been added. (2) This report fully replaces the earlier one; each data cell that has been revised since the original HMER is marked with an ``R`` so that changes can be quickly noted. (3) Section 1 has been expanded to include Tables 1.7--1.13, which were not available in the first HMER. (4) Tables 3.9 on propane and Table 4.3 on natural gas trade, which have been added to the MER since the release of the first HMER, are included in this edition. In addition, Table 10.4 on nuclear electricity gross generation has been reorganized to align more closely with the current presentation in the MER.
Date: August 1, 1994
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Surface air temperature anomalies for the Northern Hemisphere: The Russian dataset (open access)

Surface air temperature anomalies for the Northern Hemisphere: The Russian dataset

The existence of a Russian surface temperature dataset became known to Western scientists when Budyko (1969) showed the secular variation of temperature and direct radiation for the Northern Hemisphere. His results were derived from maps of monthly mean surface air temperature anomalies compiled at the Main Geophysical Observatory. These maps covered the period 1881 to 1960 and were prepared for the purpose of monthly and seasonal forecasting, with a goal of finding patterns in monthly departures from normal temperatures.
Date: March 1988
Creator: Robock, A.; Borzenkova, I. I.; Gurza, G. V. & Vinnikov, K. Ya.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Occupational radiation exposure at commercial nuclear power reactors and other facilities 1994. Twenty-seventh annual report (open access)

Occupational radiation exposure at commercial nuclear power reactors and other facilities 1994. Twenty-seventh annual report

This report summarizes the occupational exposure data that are maintained in the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission`s (NRC) Radiation Exposure Information and Reporting System (REIRS). Annual reports for 1994 were received from a total of 303 NRC licensees, of which 109 were operators of nuclear power reactors in commercial operation. Compilations of the reports submitted by the 303 licensees indicated that 152,028 individuals were monitored, 79,780 of whom received a measurable dose. The collective dose incurred by these individuals was 24,740 person-cSv (person-rem){sup 2} which represents a 15% decrease from the 1993 value. The number of workers receiving a measurable dose also decreased, resulting in the average measurable dose of 0.31 cSv (rem) for 1994. The average measurable dose is defined to be the total collective dose (TEDE) divided by the number of workers receiving a measurable dose. These figures have been adjusted to account for transient reactor workers. In 1994, the annual collective dose per reactor for light water reactor licensees (LWRs) was 198 person-cSv (person-rem). This represents a 18% decrease from the 1993 value of 242 person-cSv (person-rem). The annual collective dose per reactor for boiling water reactors (BWRs) was 327 person-cSv (person-rem) and, for pressurized water reactors (PWRs), …
Date: January 1, 1996
Creator: Thomas, M.L. & Hagemeyer, D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Trends in Finfish Landings of Sport-Boat Anglers in Texas Marine Waters, May 1974-May 1991 (open access)

Trends in Finfish Landings of Sport-Boat Anglers in Texas Marine Waters, May 1974-May 1991

Report documenting annual pressure and landings estimates for private-boat, party boat and head boat fishing in Texas bays and passes.
Date: October 1992
Creator: Weixelman, Mike; Spiller, Kyle W. & Campbell, R. Page
Object Type: Report
System: The Portal to Texas History
In-plant measurements of gamma-ray transmissions for precise K-edge and passive assay of plutonium concentration and isotopic fractions in product solutions. Final report on TASTEX Task G (open access)

In-plant measurements of gamma-ray transmissions for precise K-edge and passive assay of plutonium concentration and isotopic fractions in product solutions. Final report on TASTEX Task G

An instrument based upon high-resolution gamma-ray measurements has been tested for more than 1 year at the Tokai Reprocessing Facility for determination of plutonium concentration by K-edge absorption densitometry and for determination of plutonium isotopic fractions by transmission-corrected passive gamma-ray spectrometry. The nondestructive assay instrument was designed and built at Los Alamos National Laboratory for the Tokai Advanced Safeguards Technology Exercise (TASTEX). It was used at Tokai for the timely assay of more than 100 product solution samples during the TASTEX evaluations. The results were compared to reference values obtained by conventional destructive analysis of these samples. The precision and accuracy of plutonium concentrations measured by the K-edge technique are shown to be within 0.6% (1delta) in these applications. The precisions and accuracies of the isotopic fractions determined by these passive gamma-ray methods are shown to be within 0.4% for /sup 239/Pu, 1% for /sup 240/Pu and /sup 241/Pu, and 10% for /sup 242/Pu.
Date: August 1, 1982
Creator: Russo, P. A.; Hsue, S. T.; Sprinkle, J. K. Jr.; Johnson, S. S.; Asakura, Y.; Kondo, I. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Illinois biomass resources: annual crops and residues; canning and food-processing wastes. Preliminary assessment (open access)

Illinois biomass resources: annual crops and residues; canning and food-processing wastes. Preliminary assessment

Illinois, a major agricultural and food-processing state, produces vast amounts of renewable plant material having potential for energy production. This biomass, in the form of annual crops, crop residues, and food-processing wastes, can be converted to alternative fuels (such as ethanol) and industrial chemicals (such as furfural, ethylene, and xylene). The present study provides a preliminary assessment of these Illinois biomass resources, including (a) an appraisal of the effects of their use on both agriculture and industry; (b) an analysis of biomass conversion systems; and (c) an environmental and economic evaluation of products that could be generated from biomass. It is estimated that, of the 39 x 10/sup 6/ tons of residues generated in 1978 in Illinois from seven main crops, about 85% was collectible. The thermal energy equivalent of this material is 658 x 10/sup 6/ Btu, or 0.66 quad. And by fermenting 10% of the corn grain grown in Illinois, some 323 million gallons of ethanol could have been produced in 1978. Another 3 million gallons of ethanol could have been produced in the same year from wastes generated by the state's food-processing establishments. Clearly, Illinois can strengthen its economy substantially by the development of industries that produce …
Date: June 1, 1980
Creator: Antonopoulos, Antonios A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of the Biological Effects of the Northwest Power Conservation Council's Mainstem Amendment on the Fisheries Upstream and Downstream of Libby Dam, Montana, 2007-2008 Annual Report. (open access)

Evaluation of the Biological Effects of the Northwest Power Conservation Council's Mainstem Amendment on the Fisheries Upstream and Downstream of Libby Dam, Montana, 2007-2008 Annual Report.

A new project began in 2005 to monitor the biological and physical effects of improved operations of Hungry Horse and Libby Dams, Montana, called for by the Northwest Power and Conservation Council (NPCC) Mainstem Amendment. This operating strategy was designed to benefit resident fish impacted by hydropower and flood control operations. Under the new operating guidelines, July through September reservoir drafts will be limited to 10 feet from full pool during the highest 80% of water supply years and 20 feet from full pool during the lowest 20% of water supply (drought) years. Limits were also established on how rapidly discharge from the dams can be increased or decreased depending on the season. The NPCC also directed the federal agencies that operate Libby and Hungry Horse Dams to implement a new flood control strategy (VARQ) and directed Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks to evaluate biological responses to this operating strategy. The Mainstem Amendment operating strategy has not been fully implemented at the Montana dams as of June 2008 but the strategy will be implemented in 2009. This report highlights the monitoring methods used to monitor the effects of the Mainstem Amendment operations on fishes, habitat, and aquatic invertebrates upstream and …
Date: April 3, 2009
Creator: Sylvester, Ryan; Stephens, Brian & Tohtz, Joel
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Geologic Evaluation of Uranium in Plutonic Rocks, Northwestern Arizona: Status Report (open access)

Geologic Evaluation of Uranium in Plutonic Rocks, Northwestern Arizona: Status Report

From introduction: This report is a status report to complete present contract obligations and is submitted in lieu of a Final Report. A Final Report is not feasible especially until complete analyses and statistical treatment of all of the 436 rock chip, 2 soil-rock and 90 water samples, a total of 528 samples submitted by the partners to Union Carbide, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, plus remaining analyses to be run by BFEC's Grand Junction Laboratory become available and other recommendations and necessities are done. See subsequent section of this report titled: "Recommendations For Work Needed to Complete Final Report". A Final Report may be prepared by the partners if supplemental funds for such work and for completion of the analyses and their statistical treatment ever become available.
Date: July 1980
Creator: Loghry, James D. & Heinrichs, Walter E., Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Exploration for Geothermal Resources in the Capital District of New York. Final Report (open access)

Exploration for Geothermal Resources in the Capital District of New York. Final Report

Water chemistry, gas analyses, and geophysical methods including gravity and magnetic surveys, microseismic monitoring, and temperature gradient measurements were used in the Capital District area to evaluate the potential for a hydrothermal geothermal system. Water and gas chemistries provided indirect indicators, and temperature gradients provided direct indications of a geothermal system. Gravity results were supportive of gradient and chemistry data, but seismic and magnetic work have thus far provided little information on the potential system. Gradients throughout the area ranged from an average background value of about 10/sup 0/C/km to a high of roughly 44/sup 0/C/km. The highest gradient values, the most unusual water chemistries and largest carbon dioxide exhalations occur along the Saratoga and McGregor faults between Saratoga Springs and Schenectady, and indicate a good potential for a usable hydrothermal geothermal system at depth.
Date: November 1, 1981
Creator: Sneeringer, Margaret R. & Dunn, James R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hanford Site National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) characterization. Revision 10 (open access)

Hanford Site National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) characterization. Revision 10

This document describes the US Department of Energy`s (DOE) Hanford Site environment and is numbered to correspond to the chapters where such information is presented in Hanford Site NEPA related documents. The document is intended to provide a consistent description of the Hanford Site environment for the many NEPA documents that are being prepared by contractors. The two chapters in this document (Chapters 4 and 6) are numbered this way to correspond to the chapters where such information is presented in environmental impact statements (EISs) and other Site-related NEPA or CERCLA documentation. Chapter 4.0 (Affected Environment) describes the Hanford Site environment, and includes information on climate and meteorology, geology, hydrology, ecology, cultural, archaeological and historical resources, socioeconomics, and noise. Chapter 6.0 (Statutory and Regulatory Requirements) describes applicable federal and state laws and regulations, DOE directives and permits, and environmental standards directly applicable to the NEPA documents on the Hanford Site.
Date: September 1, 1998
Creator: Neitzel, D. A.; Fosmire, C. J. & Fowler, R. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Monthly energy review, August 1993 (open access)

Monthly energy review, August 1993

This publication presents information for the month of August, 1993 on the following: Energy overview; energy consumption; petroleum; natural gas; oil and gas resource development; coal; electricity; nuclear energy; energy prices, and international energy.
Date: August 26, 1993
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Monthly energy review, June 1994 (open access)

Monthly energy review, June 1994

Energy production during March 1994 totaled 5.9 quadrillion Btu, a 3.7-percent increase from the level of production during March 1993. Coal production increased 15.7 percent, petroleum production fell 4.1 percent, and natural gas production decreased 1.1 percent. All other forms of energy production combined were up 0.5 percent from the level of production during March 1993. Energy consumption during March 1994 totaled 7.5 quadrillion Btu, 1.3 percent below the level of consumption during March 1993. Natural gas consumption decreased 3.6 percent, petroleum consumption fell 1.6 percent, and coal consumption remained the same. Consumption of all other forms of energy combined increased 3.7 percent from the level 1 year earlier. Net imports of energy during March 1994 totaled 1.5 quadrillion Btu, 6.7 percent above the level of net imports 1 year earlier. Net imports of petroleum increased 3.2 percent, and net imports of natural gas were up 15.7 percent. Net exports of coal rose 2.1 percent from the level in March 1993.
Date: June 1, 1994
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Trends in Finfish Landings of Sport-Boat Anglers in Texas Marine Waters, May 1974-May 1990 (open access)

Trends in Finfish Landings of Sport-Boat Anglers in Texas Marine Waters, May 1974-May 1990

The report includes annual pressure and landings estimates for a private boat, party boat and head boat fishing in Texas bays and passes.
Date: January 1992
Creator: Campbell, R. Page; Hons, Charlene & Green, Lee M.
Object Type: Report
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Register, Volume 5, Number 65, Pages 3503-3540, August 29, 1980 (open access)

Texas Register, Volume 5, Number 65, Pages 3503-3540, August 29, 1980

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.
Date: August 29, 1980
Creator: Texas. Secretary of State.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
Integrated assessment of conservation opportunities in the irrigated agriculture sector of the Pacific Northwest Region (open access)

Integrated assessment of conservation opportunities in the irrigated agriculture sector of the Pacific Northwest Region

This report documents research to identify the potential energy savings and cost per kWh saved for implementing currently available energy conservation measures in the irrigated agriculture sector of the Pacific Northwest. A computer model that simulates the energy consumption process of irrigation systems and estimates the levelized costs of undertaking conservation investments is the primary analytical tool used in this research. Using engineering and economic input parameters for the various conservation measures that could potentially be implemented in irrigated agriculture, the Irrigation Sector Energy Planning (ISEP) model generates estimates of energy savings and cost per kWh saved for the measures. All parameters input to the ISEP model are based upon empirical field data. Results provided by the ISEP model indicate tht by the year 2003 a total of approximately 158.6 average MW of energy could potentially be saved in the Pacific Northwest irrigation sector on all sprinkler-irrigated acres. Approximately 130.4 average MW can be saved on acres currently by sprinkler, while an additional 28.2 average MW could be saved on new acres that are forecast to come under irrigation in the next 20 years. The largest share of the total savings (47%) is estimated to come from the use of …
Date: February 1, 1985
Creator: Harrer, B. J.; Lezberg, A. J. & Wilfert, G. L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Monthly energy review: February 1995 (open access)

Monthly energy review: February 1995

This is the February report by the Energy Information Administration. The contents of the report include an article on the effect of the proximity of wind resources to transmission lines, an energy overview, energy consumption, petroleum, natural gas, oil and gas resource development, coal, electricity, nuclear energy, and international energy. 57 tabs.
Date: February 23, 1995
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Radionuclide Concentrations in Terrestrial Vegetation and Soil Samples On and Around the Hanford Site, 1971 Through 2008 (open access)

Radionuclide Concentrations in Terrestrial Vegetation and Soil Samples On and Around the Hanford Site, 1971 Through 2008

Environmental monitoring is conducted on the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hanford Site to comply with DOE Orders and federal and state regulations. Major objectives of the monitoring are to characterize contaminant levels in the environment and to determine site contributions to the contaminant inventory. This report focuses on surface soil and perennial vegetation samples collected between 1971 and 2008 as part of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Surface Environmental Surveillance Project performed under contract to DOE. Areas sampled under this program are located on the Hanford Site but outside facility boundaries and on public lands surrounding the Hanford Site. Additional samples were collected during the past 8 years under DOE projects that evaluated parcels of land for radiological release. These data were included because the same sampling methodology and analytical laboratory were used for the projects. The spatial and temporal trends of six radionuclides collected over a 38-year period were evaluated. The radionuclides----cobalt-60, cesium-137, strontium-90, plutonium-238, plutonium-239/240, and uranium (reported either as uranium-238 or total uranium)----were selected because they persist in the environment and are still being monitored routinely and reported in Hanford Site environmental reports. All these radionuclides were associated with plutonium production and waste management of activities …
Date: July 29, 2011
Creator: Simmons, Mary Ann; Poston, Ted M.; Fritz, Brad G. & Bisping, Lynn E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
International petroleum statistics report, March 1995 (open access)

International petroleum statistics report, March 1995

The International Petroleum Statistics Report presents data for March 1995 on international oil production, demand, imports, exports, and stocks. The report has four sections. Section 1 contains time series data on world oil production, and on oil demand and stocks in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). This section contains annual data beginning in 1985, and monthly data for the most recent two years. Section 2 presents an oil supply/demand balance for the world. This balance is presented in quarterly intervals for the most recent two years. Section 3 presents data on oil imports by OECD countries. This section contains annual data for the most recent year, quarterly data for the most recent two quarters, and monthly data for the most recent twelve months. Section 4 presents annual time series data on world oil production and oil stocks, demand, and trade in OECD countries. World oil production and OECD demand data are for the years 1970 through 1993; OECD stocks from 1973 through 1993; and OECD trade from 1983 through 1993.
Date: March 30, 1995
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Monthly energy review, August 1995 (open access)

Monthly energy review, August 1995

Two brief articles are presented: measuring dependence on imported oil; and preliminary estimates of household energy consumption and expenditures in 1993. Then statistical tables are presented: energy overview, energy consumption, petroleum, natural gas, oil and gas resource development, coal, electricity, nuclear energy, energy prices, and international energy. Appendices present thermal conversion factors, metric and other physical conversion factors, CO{sub 2} emission factors for coal, and listing of previous articles. A glossary is also included.
Date: August 24, 1995
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Texas Register, Volume 5, Number 75, Pages 4011-4066, October 7, 1980 (open access)

Texas Register, Volume 5, Number 75, Pages 4011-4066, October 7, 1980

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.
Date: October 7, 1980
Creator: Texas. Secretary of State.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
Hanford Site National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Characterization (open access)

Hanford Site National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Characterization

Hanford Site National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Characterization
Date: September 1, 1999
Creator: Antonio, Ernest J.; Fosmire, Christian J.; Fowler, Richard A.; Goodwin, Shannon M.; Harvey, David W.; Hendrickson, Paul L. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library