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Stock Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands Deep7 Bottomfish Complex Through 2010 (open access)

Stock Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands Deep7 Bottomfish Complex Through 2010

From abstract: A stock assessment of the main Hawaiian Islands "Deep7" bottomfish complex was conducted through fishing year 2010, including projections to determine total allowable commercial catches (TACs) and their probabilities of overfishing. This assessment was conducted using re-audited bottomfish catch and effort data from commercial catch reports for the years 1948-2010.
Date: October 2011
Creator: Brodziak, Jon; Courtney, Dean; Wagatsuma, Lyn; O'Malley, Joseph; Lee, Hui-Hua; Walsh, William et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Radionuclide Concentrations in Terrestrial Vegetation and Soil Samples On and Around the Hanford Site, 1971 Through 2008 (open access)

Radionuclide Concentrations in Terrestrial Vegetation and Soil Samples On and Around the Hanford Site, 1971 Through 2008

Environmental monitoring is conducted on the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hanford Site to comply with DOE Orders and federal and state regulations. Major objectives of the monitoring are to characterize contaminant levels in the environment and to determine site contributions to the contaminant inventory. This report focuses on surface soil and perennial vegetation samples collected between 1971 and 2008 as part of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Surface Environmental Surveillance Project performed under contract to DOE. Areas sampled under this program are located on the Hanford Site but outside facility boundaries and on public lands surrounding the Hanford Site. Additional samples were collected during the past 8 years under DOE projects that evaluated parcels of land for radiological release. These data were included because the same sampling methodology and analytical laboratory were used for the projects. The spatial and temporal trends of six radionuclides collected over a 38-year period were evaluated. The radionuclides----cobalt-60, cesium-137, strontium-90, plutonium-238, plutonium-239/240, and uranium (reported either as uranium-238 or total uranium)----were selected because they persist in the environment and are still being monitored routinely and reported in Hanford Site environmental reports. All these radionuclides were associated with plutonium production and waste management of activities …
Date: July 29, 2011
Creator: Simmons, Mary Ann; Poston, Ted M.; Fritz, Brad G. & Bisping, Lynn E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Annual Energy Review 2010 (open access)

Annual Energy Review 2010

This twenty-ninth edition of the Annual Energy Review (AER) presents the U.S. Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) most comprehensive look at integrated energy statistics. The summary statistics on the Nation’s energy production, consumption, trade, stocks, and prices cover all major energy commodities and all energy-consuming sectors of the U.S. economy from 1949 through 2010. The AER is EIA’s historical record of energy statistics and, because the coverage spans six decades, the statistics in this report are well-suited to long-term trend analysis.
Date: October 1, 2011
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Direct Evaporative Precooling Model and Analysis (open access)

Direct Evaporative Precooling Model and Analysis

Evaporative condenser pre-cooling expands the availability of energy saving, cost-effective technology options (market engagement) and serves to expedite the range of options in upcoming codes and equipment standards (impacting regulation). Commercially available evaporative pre-coolers provide a low cost retrofit for existing packaged rooftop units, commercial unitary split systems, and air cooled chillers. We map the impact of energy savings and peak energy reduction in the 3 building types (medium office, secondary school, and supermarket) in 16 locations for three building types with four pad effectivenesses and show the effect for HVAC systems using either refrigerants R22 or R410A
Date: January 1, 2011
Creator: Shen, Bo; Ally, Moonis Raza; Rice, C Keith & Craddick, William G
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Current and Projected Water Use in the Texas Mining and Oil and Gas Industry (open access)

Current and Projected Water Use in the Texas Mining and Oil and Gas Industry

This report "documents results for the four tasks described in the scope of work Contract #904830939: 1) identify major mining operations and analyze water-use patterns, 2) estimate current water use withdrawal and consumption, 3) develop long term water-demand projections at the county level, and 4)report the findings of the study and prepare an electronic database....The report is divided into several sections. In each of them, we successively address oil and gas, coal, aggregates, and other mineral substances." (p. 9).
Date: June 2011
Creator: Nicot, Jean-Philippe
Object Type: Report
System: The Portal to Texas History
Fate and Effects of Barium and Radium-Rich Fluid Emissions of Hydrocarbon Seeps on the Benthic Habitats of the Gulf of Mexico Offshore Louisiana (open access)

Fate and Effects of Barium and Radium-Rich Fluid Emissions of Hydrocarbon Seeps on the Benthic Habitats of the Gulf of Mexico Offshore Louisiana

An analysis of how barium and radium-laced fluid seeps affect the climate and habitats of the Gulf of Mexico offshore Louisiana.
Date: January 2011
Creator: Aharon, Paul; Gent, Dan Van; Fu, Baoshun & Scott, L. Max
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 30 (open access)

Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 30

The Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 30 is a statistical compendium prepared and published by Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) under contract with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program. Designed for use as a desk-top reference, the Data Book represents an assembly and display of statistics and information that characterize transportation activity, and presents data on other factors that influence transportation energy use. The purpose of this document is to present relevant statistical data in the form of tables and graphs. The latest edition of the Data Book is available to a larger audience via the Internet (cta.ornl.gov/data). This edition of the Data Book has 12 chapters which focus on various aspects of the transportation industry. Chapter 1 focuses on petroleum; Chapter 2 energy; Chapter 3 highway vehicles; Chapter 4 light vehicles; Chapter 5 heavy vehicles; Chapter 6 alternative fuel vehicles; Chapter 7 fleet vehicles; Chapter 8 household vehicles; Chapter 9 nonhighway modes; Chapter 10 transportation and the economy; Chapter 11 greenhouse gas emissions; and Chapter 12 criteria pollutant emissions. The sources used represent the latest available data. There are also three appendices which include detailed source information for some tables, …
Date: July 1, 2011
Creator: Davis, Stacy Cagle; Diegel, Susan W & Boundy, Robert Gary
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Photoelectron Spectroscopic Study of the Oxyallyl Diradical (open access)

Photoelectron Spectroscopic Study of the Oxyallyl Diradical

Article on a photoelectron spectroscopic study of the oxyallyl diradical.
Date: February 16, 2011
Creator: Ichino, Takatoshi; Villano, Stephanie M.; Gianola, Adam J.; Goebbert, Daniel J.; Velarde, Luis; Sanov, Andrei et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
COMPARISON OF VENTED AND ABSOLUTE PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS FOR WATER-LEVEL MONITORING IN HANFORD SITE CENTRAL PLATEAU WELLS (open access)

COMPARISON OF VENTED AND ABSOLUTE PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS FOR WATER-LEVEL MONITORING IN HANFORD SITE CENTRAL PLATEAU WELLS

Automated water-level data collected using vented pressure transducers deployed in Hanford Site Central Plateau wells commonly display more variability than manual tape measurements in response to barometric pressure fluctuations. To explain this difference, it was hypothesized that vented pressure transducers installed in some wells are subject to barometric pressure effects that reduce water-level measurement accuracy. Vented pressure transducers use a vent tube, which is open to the atmosphere at land surface, to supply air pressure to the transducer housing for barometric compensation so the transducer measurements will represent only the water pressure. When using vented transducers, the assumption is made that the air pressure between land surface and the well bore is in equilibrium. By comparison, absolute pressure transducers directly measure the air pressure within the wellbore. Barometric compensation is achieved by subtracting the well bore air pressure measurement from the total pressure measured by a second transducer submerged in the water. Thus, no assumption of air pressure equilibrium is needed. In this study, water-level measurements were collected from the same Central Plateau wells using both vented and absolute pressure transducers to evaluate the different methods of barometric compensation. Manual tape measurements were also collected to evaluate the transducers. Measurements …
Date: September 8, 2011
Creator: JP, MCDONALD
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ecological Dose Modeling of Aquatic and Riparian Receptors to Strontium-90 with an Emphasis on Radiosensitive Organs (open access)

Ecological Dose Modeling of Aquatic and Riparian Receptors to Strontium-90 with an Emphasis on Radiosensitive Organs

The 100-NR-2 site is the location of elevated releases of strontium-90 to the Columbia River via contaminated groundwater. The resulting dose to aquatic and riparian receptors was evaluated in 2005 (DOE 2009) and compared to U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) dose guidance values. We have conducted additional dose assessments for a broader spectrum of aquatic and riparian organisms using RESRAD Biota and specific exposure scenarios. Because strontium-90 accumulates in bone, we have also modeled the dose to the anterior kidney, a blood-forming and immune system organ that lies close to the spinal column of fish. The resulting dose is primarily attributable to the yttrium-90 progeny of strontium-90 and very little of the dose is associated with the beta emission from strontium-90. All dose modeling results were calculated with an assumption of secular equilibrium between strontium-90 and yttrum-90.
Date: July 20, 2011
Creator: Poston, Ted M.; Traub, Richard J. & Antonio, Ernest J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
THE SLUDGE BATCH 7A GLASS VARIABILITY STUDY WITH FRIT 418 AND FRIT 702 (open access)

THE SLUDGE BATCH 7A GLASS VARIABILITY STUDY WITH FRIT 418 AND FRIT 702

The Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) is preparing to initiate processing of Sludge Batch 7a (SB7a) in May 2011. To support qualification of SB7a, the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) was requested to execute a variability study (VS) to assess the applicability of the current Product Composition Control System (PCCS) durability models for the Frit 418-SB7a compositional region of interest. The objective of this study was to demonstrate applicability of the current durability models to the SB7a compositional region of interest and acceptability of the SB7a glasses with respect to the Environmental Assessment (EA) glass in terms of durability as defined by the Product Consistency Test (PCT). To support programmatic objectives, twenty-eight SB7a glasses were selected based on the nominal sludge projections used to support the frit recommendation. Twenty-three of the SB7a VS glasses were based on the use of Frit 418, while 5 glasses were based on the use of Frit 702. Frit 702 was also identified as a viable candidate for SB7a, especially if SO{sub 4} concentrations are found to be higher than anticipated. Frit 702 has shown a higher SO{sub 4} retention capability as compared to Frit 418. With respect to acceptability, the PCT results of the …
Date: March 24, 2011
Creator: Peeler, D. & Edwards, T.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Sandia National Laboratories performance assessment methodology for long-term environmental programs : the history of nuclear waste management. (open access)

Sandia National Laboratories performance assessment methodology for long-term environmental programs : the history of nuclear waste management.

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) is the world leader in the development of the detailed science underpinning the application of a probabilistic risk assessment methodology, referred to in this report as performance assessment (PA), for (1) understanding and forecasting the long-term behavior of a radioactive waste disposal system, (2) estimating the ability of the disposal system and its various components to isolate the waste, (3) developing regulations, (4) implementing programs to estimate the safety that the system can afford to individuals and to the environment, and (5) demonstrating compliance with the attendant regulatory requirements. This report documents the evolution of the SNL PA methodology from inception in the mid-1970s, summarizing major SNL PA applications including: the Subseabed Disposal Project PAs for high-level radioactive waste; the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant PAs for disposal of defense transuranic waste; the Yucca Mountain Project total system PAs for deep geologic disposal of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste; PAs for the Greater Confinement Borehole Disposal boreholes at the Nevada National Security Site; and PA evaluations for disposal of high-level wastes and Department of Energy spent nuclear fuels stored at Idaho National Laboratory. In addition, the report summarizes smaller PA programs for long-term cover systems …
Date: November 1, 2011
Creator: Marietta, Melvin Gary; Anderson, D. Richard; Bonano, Evaristo J. & Meacham, Paul Gregory (Raytheon Ktech, Albuquerque, NM)
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Annual Energy Outlook 2011: with Projections to 2035 (open access)

Annual Energy Outlook 2011: with Projections to 2035

This report, prepared by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), presents long-term projections of energy supply, demand and prices through 2035, based on results from EIA's National Energy Modeling System (NEMS).
Date: April 2011
Creator: United States. Energy Information Administration.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
FY-2010 Process Monitoring Technology Final Report (open access)

FY-2010 Process Monitoring Technology Final Report

During FY 2010, work under the Spectroscopy-Based Process Monitoring task included ordering and receiving four fluid flow meters and four flow visible-near infrared spectrometer cells to be instrumented within the centrifugal contactor system at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Initial demonstrations of real-time spectroscopic measurements on cold-stream simulants were conducted using plutonium (Pu)/uranium (U) (PUREX) solvent extraction process conditions. The specific test case examined the extraction of neodymium nitrate (Nd(NO3)3) from an aqueous nitric acid (HNO3) feed into a tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP)/ n-dodecane solvent. Demonstration testing of this system included diverting a sample from the aqueous feed meanwhile monitoring the process in every phase using the on-line spectroscopic process monitoring system. The purpose of this demonstration was to test whether spectroscopic monitoring is capable of determining the mass balance of metal nitrate species involved in a cross-current solvent extraction scheme while also diverting a sample from the system. The diversion scenario involved diverting a portion of the feed from a counter-current extraction system while a continuous extraction experiment was underway. A successful test would demonstrate the ability of the process monitoring system to detect and quantify the diversion of material from the system during a real-time continuous solvent extraction experiment. …
Date: January 1, 2011
Creator: Orton, Christopher R.; Bryan, Samuel A.; Casella, Amanda J.; Hines, Wes; Levitskaia, Tatiana G.; Henkell, J. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
West Valley Demonstration Project Annual Site Environmental Report Calendar Year 2010 (open access)

West Valley Demonstration Project Annual Site Environmental Report Calendar Year 2010

The West Valley Demonstration Project (WVDP) Annual Site Environmental Report (ASER) for Calendar Year 2010. The report, prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy West Valley Demonstration Project office (DOE-WVDP), summarizes the environmental protection program at the WVDP for calendar year (CY) 2010. Monitoring and surveillance of the facilities used by the DOE are conducted to verify protection of public health and safety and the environment. The report is a key component of DOE's effort to keep the public informed of environmental conditions at the WVDP. The quality assurance protocols applied to the environmental monitoring program ensure the validity and accuracy of the monitoring data. In addition to demonstrating compliance with environmental laws, regulations and directives, evaluation of data collected in 2010 continued to indicate that WVDP activities pose no threat to public health or safety, or to the environment.
Date: September 28, 2011
Creator: CH2MHILL • B&W West Valley, LLC
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Annual Energy Outlook 2011 with Projections to 2035 (open access)

Annual Energy Outlook 2011 with Projections to 2035

The projections in the Energy Information Administration's (EIA) Annual Energy Outlook 2011 (AEO2011) focus on the factors that shape the U.S. energy system over the long term. Under the assumption that current laws and regulations remain unchanged throughout the projections, the AEO2011 Reference case provides the basis for examination and discussion of energy production, consumption, technology, and market trends and the direction they may take in the future. It also serves as a starting point for analysis of potential changes in energy policies. But AEO2011 is not limited to the Reference case. It also includes 57 sensitivity cases (see Appendix E, Table E1), which explore important areas of uncertainty for markets, technologies, and policies in the U.S. energy economy. Key results highlighted in AEO2011 include strong growth in shale gas production, growing use of natural gas and renewables in electric power generation, declining reliance on imported liquid fuels, and projected slow growth in energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions even in the absence of new policies designed to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. AEO2011 also includes in-depth discussions on topics of special interest that may affect the energy outlook. They include: impacts of the continuing renewal and updating of Federal and …
Date: April 1, 2011
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Gender Pay Differences: Progress Made, but Women Remain Overrepresented among Low-Wage Workers (open access)

Gender Pay Differences: Progress Made, but Women Remain Overrepresented among Low-Wage Workers

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Women represent an increasingly larger share of the total workforce in the United States--constituting nearly half of the total workforce. In addition, an increasing proportion of women in the workforce are more educated. However, research by GAO and others has shown that women's average pay has been and remains lower than that of men. Questions have been raised about the extent to which less-advantaged women--that is, those who are low wage or less educated--experience lower wages than less-advantaged men. GAO was asked to examine the differences in representation, key characteristics, and pay among women and men (1) with less education and (2) with low wages. GAO defined less-educated workers as those having a high school degree or less and low-wage workers as those earning an hourly wage rate in the bottom quintile--or 20 percent--of wages across the workforce. GAO analyzed data from the Department of Labor's Current Population Survey (CPS); reviewed other work on similar topics; and interviewed agency officials, representatives of women's groups, and other researchers."
Date: October 12, 2011
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
High Risk Occupations: Employee Stress and Behavior Under Crisis (open access)

High Risk Occupations: Employee Stress and Behavior Under Crisis

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationships between stress and outcomes including organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), job satisfaction, and burnout in high-risk occupations. Moreover, how personality, emotions, coping, and leadership influence this relationship is investigated. Data were collected from 379 officers in 9 police organizations located in the Southern and Southwest United States. The primary research question addressed within this dissertation is: What is the relationship between stress and behavioral and affective outcomes in high-risk occupations as governed by coping, leadership, and crisis? The majority of the hypothesized relationships were supported, and inconsistencies center on methodological and theoretical factors. Findings indicate that occupational stressors negatively influence individuals in high-risk occupations. Moreover, crisis events exacerbate these influences. The use of adaptive coping strategies is most effective under conditions of low stress, but less so under highly stressful circumstances. Similarly, transformational leader behaviors most effectively influence how individuals in high-risk occupations are affected by lower, but not higher levels of stress. Profiles of personality characteristics and levels of emotional dissonance also influence the chosen coping strategies of those working in high-risk occupations. Prescriptively, it is important to understand the influences among the variables assessed in this study, because negative …
Date: August 2011
Creator: Russell, Lisa M.
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Microbial Gas Generation Under Expected Waste Isolation Pilot Plant Repository Conditions: Final Report (open access)

Microbial Gas Generation Under Expected Waste Isolation Pilot Plant Repository Conditions: Final Report

Gas generation from the microbial degradation of the organic constituents of transuranic (TRU) waste under conditions expected in the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) was investigated. The biodegradation of mixed cellulosic materials and electron-beam irradiated plastic and rubber materials (polyethylene, polyvinylchloride, hypalon, leaded hypalon, and neoprene) was examined. We evaluated the effects of environmental variables such as initial atmosphere (air or nitrogen), water content (humid ({approx}70% relative humidity, RH) and brine inundated), and nutrient amendments (nitogen phosphate, yeast extract, and excess nitrate) on microbial gas generation. Total gas production was determined by pressure measurement and carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) and methane (CH{sub 4}) were analyzed by gas chromatography; cellulose degradation products in solution were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Microbial populations in the samples were determined by direct microscopy and molecular analysis. The results of this work are summarized.
Date: July 1, 2011
Creator: Gillow, J. B. & Francis, A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Beam lifetime and emittance growth in RHIC under normal operating conditions with the hydrogen gas jet, the cluster-jet, and Pellet targets (open access)

Beam lifetime and emittance growth in RHIC under normal operating conditions with the hydrogen gas jet, the cluster-jet, and Pellet targets

N/A
Date: October 1, 2011
Creator: D., Trbojevic
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Managing commodity risks in highway contracts: quantifying premiums, accounting for correlations among risk factors, and designing optimal price-adjustment contracts (open access)

Managing commodity risks in highway contracts: quantifying premiums, accounting for correlations among risk factors, and designing optimal price-adjustment contracts

Report on a study investigating the impact of commodity price risk on construction cost and the optimal risk hedging of such risks using price adjustment clauses.
Date: September 2011
Creator: Damnjanovic, Ivan & Zhou, Xue
Object Type: Report
System: The Portal to Texas History
Calcined Waste Storage at the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (open access)

Calcined Waste Storage at the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center

This comprehensive report provides definitive volume, mass, and composition (chemical and radioactivity) of calcined waste stored at the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center. Calcine composition data are required for regulatory compliance (such as permitting and waste disposal), future treatment of the caline, and shipping the calcine to an off-Site-facility (such as a geologic repository). This report also contains a description of the calcine storage bins. The Calcined Solids Storage Facilities (CSSFs) were designed by different architectural engineering firms and built at different times. Each CSSF has a unique design, reflecting varying design criteria and lessons learned from historical CSSF operation. The varying CSSF design will affect future calcine retrieval processes and equipment. Revision 4 of this report presents refinements and enhancements of calculations concerning the composition, volume, mass, chemical content, and radioactivity of calcined waste produced and stored within the CSSFs. The historical calcine samples are insufficient in number and scope of analysis to fully characterize the entire inventory of calcine in the CSSFs. Sample data exist for all the liquid wastes that were calcined. This report provides calcine composition data based on liquid waste sample analyses, volume of liquid waste calcined, calciner operating data, and CSSF operating data …
Date: September 2011
Creator: Staiger, M. Daniel & Swenson, Michael C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Achieving the 30% Goal: Energy and Cost Savings Analysis of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2010 (open access)

Achieving the 30% Goal: Energy and Cost Savings Analysis of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2010

This Technical Support Document presents the energy and cost savings analysis that PNNL conducted to measure the potential energy savings of 90.1-2010 relative to 90.1-2004. PNNL conducted this analysis with inputs from many other contributors and source of information. In particular, guidance and direction was provided by the Simulation Working Group under the auspices of the SSPC90.1. This report documents the approach and methodologies that PNNL developed to evaluate the energy saving achieved from use of ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2010. Specifically, this report provides PNNL’s Progress Indicator process and methodology, EnergyPlus simulation framework, prototype model descriptions. This report covers the combined upgrades from 90.1-2004 to 90.1-2010, resulting in a total of 153 addenda. PNNL has reviewed and considered all 153 addenda for quantitative analysis in the Progress Indicator process. 53 of those are included in the quantitative analysis. This report provides information on the categorization of all of the addenda, a summary of the content, and deeper explanation of the impact and modeling of 53 identified addenda with quantitative savings.
Date: May 24, 2011
Creator: Thornton, Brian A.; Rosenberg, Michael I.; Richman, Eric E.; Wang, Weimin; Xie, YuLong; Zhang, Jian et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of Non-traditional Isotopic Ratios by Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Nuclear Activities. Annual Report 2011 (open access)

Assessment of Non-traditional Isotopic Ratios by Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Nuclear Activities. Annual Report 2011

None
Date: August 24, 2011
Creator: Biegalski, S. R. & Buchholz, B. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library