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Silicon Ribbon Growth by a Capillary Action Shaping Technique (open access)

Silicon Ribbon Growth by a Capillary Action Shaping Technique

The crystal-growth method under investigation is a capillary action shaping technique. Meniscus shaping for the desired ribbon geometry occurs at the vertex of a wettable die. As ribbon growth depletes the melt meniscus, capillary .action. supplies replacement material. In this report, a new capillary die design is described. It represents a departure from the die types used for edge-defined, film-fed growth, in that the bounding edges of the die top are not parallel or concentric with the growing ribbon. The new dies allow a higher melt meniscus with concomitant improvements in surface smoothness and freedom from SiC surface particles, which can degrade perfection. Also in this reporting period, ribbons were grown for delivery to JPL. Twenty ribbons and 30 ribbon samples were shipped. Detailed dimensional characteristics of most ribbons grown during the past year are presented. Finally, our initial progress in the growth of 38-mm (1-1/2-inch)-wide ribbons, up to 46 cm in length, is reported.
Date: June 15, 1976
Creator: Schwuttke, G. H.; Cizeck, T. F. & Kran, A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Silicon ribbon growth by a capillary action shaping technique. Quarterly technical progress report No. 6 (open access)

Silicon ribbon growth by a capillary action shaping technique. Quarterly technical progress report No. 6

The effects of capillary die design on dopant distribution are described. A new technique for thermal geometry control utilizing inert-gas purging was implemented. Routine 38-mm-wide ribbon growth was demonstrated. 50-mm-wide ribbon growth in a length over one meter was achieved. A technology projection and guide to future silicon sheet growth was completed. (WDM)
Date: December 15, 1976
Creator: Schwuttke, G. H.; Ciszek, T. F. & Kran, A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Consensus forecast of U. S. energy supply and demand to the year 2000 (open access)

Consensus forecast of U. S. energy supply and demand to the year 2000

Methods used in forecasting energy supply and demand are described, and recent forecasts are reviewed briefly. Forecasts to the year 2000 are displayed in tables and graphs and are used to prepare consensus forecasts for each form of fuel and energy supply. Fuel demand and energy use by consuming sector are tabulated for 1972 and 1975 for the various fuel forms. The distribution of energy consumption by use sector, as projected for the years 1985 and 2000 in the ERDA-48 planning report (Scenario V), is normalized to match the consensus energy supply forecasts. The results are tabulated listing future demand for each fuel and energy form by each major energy-use category. Recent estimates of U.S. energy resources are also reviewed briefly and are presented in tables for each fuel and energy form. The outlook for fossil fuel resources to the year 2040, as developed by the Institute for Energy Analysis at the Oak Ridge Associated Universities, is also presented.
Date: February 1, 1976
Creator: Lane, J. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental surveillance at Hanford for CY-1975 data (open access)

Environmental surveillance at Hanford for CY-1975 data

This document contains detailed data collected by the Hanford Environmental Surveillance program during 1975. Environmental Surveillance responsibilities at Hanford are divided between Hanford Environmental Health Foundation (HEHF) and Battelle-Northwest (BNW). HEHF is responsible for measuring all nonradiological air quality and sanitary water parameters of interest. BNW is responsible for measuring radiological parameters in all environmental media of significance and for measuring both radiological and nonradiological parameters of Columbia River water and ground water. A brief description of the method and location of sample collection during 1975 is included. Data are tabulated on the content of specific radionuclides in surface air. Columbia River water, drinking water, ground water, foods, fish, and wild animals. Data are also included on content of NO/sub 2/ and SO/sub 2/ in air, nitrates in Columbia River water, ground water, and drinking water, and water quality of samples of Columbia River water collected at various sampling locations. (CH)
Date: April 1, 1976
Creator: Blumer, P. J.; Fix, J. J. & Speer, D. R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Materials availability for fusion power plant construction (open access)

Materials availability for fusion power plant construction

A preliminary assessment was made of the estimated total U.S. material usage with and without fusion power plants as well as the U.S. and foreign reserves and resources, and U.S. production capacity. The potential environmental impacts of fusion power plant material procurement were also reviewed including land alteration and resultant chemical releases. To provide a general measure for the impact of material procurement for fusion reactors, land requirements were estimated for mining and disposing of waste from mining.
Date: September 1, 1976
Creator: Hartley, J. N.; Erickson, L. E.; Engel, R. L. & Foley, T. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Motor gasoline desulfurization study. Volume 2 (open access)

Motor gasoline desulfurization study. Volume 2

None
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Alternatives for managing wastes from reactors and post-fission operations in the LWR fuel cycle. Volume 1. Summary: alternatives for the back of the LWR fuel cycle types and properties of LWR fuel cycle wastes projections of waste quantities; selected glossary (open access)

Alternatives for managing wastes from reactors and post-fission operations in the LWR fuel cycle. Volume 1. Summary: alternatives for the back of the LWR fuel cycle types and properties of LWR fuel cycle wastes projections of waste quantities; selected glossary

Volume I of the five-volume report contains executive and technical summaries of the entire report, background information of the LWR fuel cycle alternatives, descriptions of waste types, and projections of waste quantities. Overview characterizations of alternative LWR fuel cycle modes are also included. (JGB)
Date: May 1, 1976
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental effects of energy production and utilization in the U. S. Volume I. Sources, trends, and costs of control (open access)

Environmental effects of energy production and utilization in the U. S. Volume I. Sources, trends, and costs of control

Volume I deals with sources (what the emissions are and where they come from), trends (quantities of emissions and their dispersion with time), and costs of control (what it takes in time, energy, and money to meet minimum standards). Volume II concerns itself with the public health effects of energy production and utilization. Volume III summarizes the various techniques for controlling emissions, technological as well as economic, social, and political. (For abstracts of Vols. II and III, see ERDA Energy Research Abstracts, Vol. 2, Absts. 5764 and 5670, respectively) Each volume is divided into sections dealing with the atmosphere, water, land, and social activities--each division indicating a particular sphere of man's environment affected by energy production and use. The sources of information that were used in this study included textbooks, journal articles, technical reports, memoranda, letters, and personal communications. These are cited in the text at the end of each subsection and on the applicable tables and figures.
Date: May 1, 1976
Creator: Newkirk, Herbert W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Appendix to Health and Safety Laboratory environmental quarterly, June 1, 1976--September 1, 1976. [Fallout radionuclides and Pb in environment] (open access)

Appendix to Health and Safety Laboratory environmental quarterly, June 1, 1976--September 1, 1976. [Fallout radionuclides and Pb in environment]

Tabulated data are presented on the content of /sup 90/Sr and /sup 89/Sr in fallout deposited at various world land sites; /sup 90/Sr in milk and drinking water samples from various locations; and the content of Pb in samples of surface air. (CH)
Date: October 1, 1976
Creator: Hardy, E. P. Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Appendix to Health and Safety Laboratory environmental quarterly, March 1, 1976--June 1, 1976. [Tabulated data on content of lead in surface air and /sup 7/Be, /sup 95/Zr, /sup 137/Cs, /sup 144/Ce, and /sup 90/Sr in surface air, milk, drinking water, and foods sampled in USA] (open access)

Appendix to Health and Safety Laboratory environmental quarterly, March 1, 1976--June 1, 1976. [Tabulated data on content of lead in surface air and /sup 7/Be, /sup 95/Zr, /sup 137/Cs, /sup 144/Ce, and /sup 90/Sr in surface air, milk, drinking water, and foods sampled in USA]

Tabulated data are presented on: the monthly deposition of /sup 89/Sr and /sup 90/Sr at some 100 world land sites; the content of lead and /sup 7/Be, /sup 95/Zr, /sup 137/Cs, and /sup 144/Ce in samples of surface air from various world sites; and the content of /sup 90/Sr in samples of milk, drinking water, and animal and human diets collected at various locations throughout the USA. (CH)
Date: July 1, 1976
Creator: Hardy, E. P. Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Updated projections of radioactive wastes to be generated by the U. S. nuclear power industry (open access)

Updated projections of radioactive wastes to be generated by the U. S. nuclear power industry

Eleven types of radioactive wastes to be generated within the fuel cycle operations of the U.S. nuclear power industry are defined, and projections are presented of their annual generation rates, shipping requirements, and accumulated characteristics over the remainder of this century. The power reactor complex is assumed to consist of uranium- and plutonium-fueled LWRs, HTGRs, and LMFBRs, and the installed nuclear electric capacity of the U.S. is taken as 68.1, 252, and 510 GW at the ends of calendar years 1980, 1990, and 2000, respectively. 72 tables.
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Kee, C. W.; Croft, A. G. & Blomeke, J. O.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Properties of unirradiated fuel element graphites H-451 and TS-1240 (open access)

Properties of unirradiated fuel element graphites H-451 and TS-1240

Nuclear graphite grades H-451 (Great Lakes Carbon Company) and TS-1240 (Union Carbide Corporation) are described and property data are presented for the unirradiated state. Properties measured included bulk density, ultimate tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio, thermal expansivity, and thermal conductivity. The data presented represent the minimum and maximum property values of the prototype full-size production logs and are indicative of property values to be expected in commercial production.
Date: January 31, 1976
Creator: Johnson, W. R. & Engle, G. B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The state of the art in environmental pollution control and impact analysis (open access)

The state of the art in environmental pollution control and impact analysis

This study analyzes federal and state pollution control and abatement legislation and provides a one-volume working explanation of those laws applicable to business operations. This analysis is limited to legislation aimed at controlling air and water pollution, and solid waste management.
Date: May 1976
Creator: Thibodeaux, Mary Shepherd
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of a mechanical property test for small samples of plastic bonded explosives. Period covered: April--June 1976. [LX-09; LX-04; LX-14; and RX-03-BB] (open access)

Evaluation of a mechanical property test for small samples of plastic bonded explosives. Period covered: April--June 1976. [LX-09; LX-04; LX-14; and RX-03-BB]

The indirect tension test was evaluated to determine its feasibility for measurements of the mechanical properties of plastic bonded explosives (PBX) samples from coupon compatibility tests and small scale tests used to evaluate new binders for explosives. Tests were run on LX-09, LX-04, LX-14 and RX-03-BB to determine if the dynamic range of the test would be adequate for these materials. The maximum stress ranged from 623 to 4182 kPa for these materials. The effect of test temperature on LX-09 and RX-03-BB was investigated to determine the temperature control required for the test. Tests were conducted to determine if both isostatically and mechanically pressed PBX parts could be used with this test. The data from these series of tests indicate that the indirect tension test will provide useful information about the mechanical strength of PBX's.
Date: January 1, 1976
Creator: Myers, L. C. & Johnson, H. D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Summary of U. S. LMFBR programs on high temperature structural design and associated materials testing (open access)

Summary of U. S. LMFBR programs on high temperature structural design and associated materials testing

This document was prepared at the request of the Division of Reactor Development and Demonstration (DRDD), U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration. Four general areas of research and development are included: high-temperature structural design; irradiation effects--mechanical properties of structural materials; sodium environmental effects--influence of sodium on mechanical properties; and general material qualification.
Date: October 1, 1976
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analysis and forecast of electrical distribution system materials. Final report. Volume III. Appendix (open access)

Analysis and forecast of electrical distribution system materials. Final report. Volume III. Appendix

These appendixes are referenced in Volume II of this report. They contain the detailed electrical distribution equipment requirements and input material requirements forecasts. Forecasts are given for three electric energy usage scenarios. Also included are data on worldwide reserves and demand for 30 raw materials required for the manufacture of electrical distribution equipment.
Date: August 23, 1976
Creator: Love, C G
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of materials needs for fusion reactors (open access)

Assessment of materials needs for fusion reactors

This report has the goal of presenting for the CTR designer and material supplier potentially significant problem areas in materials manufacturing and in structural material resources projected for potential application in fusion power reactor construction. The projected material requirements are based on presently available bills-of-materials for conceptual CTR designs used for constructing a hypothetical fusion power generating capacity of 10/sup 6/ MW(e) maturing exponentially over a 20-year period. The projected elemental requirements, the ratio of these requirements to the projected total U.S. demand, and the salient problems currently identified with the CTR use of these elements are summarized. The projected requirements are based upon a ''model'' industry, which is described, and the estimated potential use of molybdenum, niobium, vanadium, and tantalum as blanket structural materials.
Date: July 1, 1976
Creator: Allison, G. S. (comp.)
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant expansion, Piketon, Ohio. Volume 1. Draft environmental statement (open access)

Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant expansion, Piketon, Ohio. Volume 1. Draft environmental statement

Subject to authorizing legislation and funding, ERDA will proceed with steps for additional uranium enrichment capacity at the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant near Piketon, Ohio. This environmental statement was prepared by ERDA to cover this action. The statement was prepared in accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, and ERDA's implementing regulations, 10 CFR Chapter III, Part 711. The statement describes the reasonably foreseeable environmental, social, economic and technological costs and benefits of the construction and operation of the expanded enrichment plant and its reasonably available alternatives and their anticipated effects.
Date: June 1, 1976
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Manual for participants in the solar heating/cooling seminars (open access)

Manual for participants in the solar heating/cooling seminars

This manual was intended as a text for participants in the Solar Heating/Cooling seminars presented in conjunction with the ERDA Transportable Solar Laboratory in various regions of the US. The seminar was designed to introduce the practical aspects of solar heating/cooling systems to HVAC contractors, architects, engineers, and other interested individuals. The two-day course enabled the attendees to assess potential solar applications in their geographic area, including tools to do a preliminary design of the system and to analyze its economic benefits. (WDM)
Date: January 1, 1976
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Laboratory services series: the utilization of scientific glassblowing in a national research and development laboratory (open access)

Laboratory services series: the utilization of scientific glassblowing in a national research and development laboratory

Glassblowing services at a national research and development laboratory provide unique equipment tailored for specific research efforts, small-scale process items for flowsheet demonstrations, and solutions for unusual technical problems such as glass-ceramic unions. Facilities, equipment, and personnel necessary for such services are described.
Date: April 1, 1976
Creator: Farnham, R. M. & Poole, R. W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Current and future use of coal in the Northeast. [60 refs] (open access)

Current and future use of coal in the Northeast. [60 refs]

Some of the problems of and potential for coal utilization in the Northeast region (defined as New England, New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, and the District of Columbia are discussed. Coal utilization in the Northeast now occurs mainly in Pennsylvania, where coal is used extensively for steel manufacturing and electricity generation. Elsewhere in the region, coal use is limited for the most part to electric power generation, and increased future reliance on coal is likely to be associated principally with this use. At present, oil supplies most of the energy used to generate electricity in the Northeast. Recent trends in national and regional coal use are reviewed, and an overview of potential options for and constraints on future coal use are presented. The outlook for future coal supplies in the region for the reference years 1985 and 2000 is discussed. Supply estimates are shown tabularly. Regional availability of low-sulfur coal will depend on interregional economic factors as well as on technical constraints and public policy. The transportation system of the Northeast coals also constrain coal use. The potential demand for coal by electric utilities in the region is considered. Three coal demand scenarios are developed for 1985. The …
Date: May 1, 1976
Creator: Edelston, B. S. & Rubin, E. S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
LWR fuel recycle program. Quarterly progress report, July--September 1976 (open access)

LWR fuel recycle program. Quarterly progress report, July--September 1976

This is the third quarterly progress report. The LWR Fuel Recycle Program is designed to assist in the commercialization of the LWR fuel cycle. Included in this program are both activities in support of specific design studies and other activities of more general applicability to fuel recycle technology. The following are reported in this document: economic and environmental documentation, spent fuel receipt and storage, head end processes, off-gas treatment, Purex process, finishing processes, environmental effects, and general support. (DLC)
Date: October 1, 1976
Creator: Jarrett, J. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant expansion, Piketon, Ohio. Volume 2. Draft environmental statement (open access)

Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant expansion, Piketon, Ohio. Volume 2. Draft environmental statement

The need for additional uranium enrichment facilities and the environmental impacts of the add-on gaseous diffusion plant proposed for the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant are discussed. A detailed description of the proposed facilities is included and unavoidable adverse environmental effects, possible alternatives, and anticipated benefits from the proposed facilities are considered. The flora and fauna of the area are tabulated and possible effects of air and water pollution on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems are postulated. The extent of anticipated noise impact on the vicinity and the anticipated extent of civic envolvement are discussed. (CH)
Date: June 1, 1976
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
InterTechnology Corporation cost/benefit analysis report and supporting opinion survey commerical buildings National Solar Demonstration program (open access)

InterTechnology Corporation cost/benefit analysis report and supporting opinion survey commerical buildings National Solar Demonstration program

Under the Solar Heating and Cooling Demonstration program, solar heated and cooled commercial buildings are to be constructed throughout the nation to show the technical and economic feasibility of solar energy systems and, most importantly, to establish an economically viable solar industry. The questions arise: How many solar energy systems must be installed and where should they be installed to meet these objectives. This report presents an answer to these questions.
Date: January 19, 1976
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library