[Chester W. Nimitz Sits on Bench with Child]

Photograph of Chester W. Nimitz sitting on a bench in front of a mission. Chester sits on the left in a dark suit, bowtie, dress shoes and a tall, brimmed hat. Standing to his right using his knee for support is a young child (possibly his daughter Kate) in a dark coat and hat with white pants and long dark socks. Behind the bench is a wooded area filled with mainly barren trees.
Date: 1915~
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Ralph Bailey (open access)

Oral History Interview with Ralph Bailey

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Ralph Bailey. Bailey joined the Navy in 1939 and was assigned to USS Smith (DD-378). He then transferred to USS Radford (DD-446). He recalls an encounter with the Tokyo Express in Kula Gulf. That night, the Radford was ordered to rescue survivors from USS Helena (CL-50). Bailey, while acting as coxswain of a rescue boat, was left behind with about 63 other men when the Radford made way without them. Stranded on an island in enemy territory, Bailey credits Captain Cecil’s excellent leadership for their survival. Bailey and the other men were rescued by two destroyers and returned home safely.
Date: unknown
Creator: Bailey, Ralph
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Ralph Bailey transcript

Oral History Interview with Ralph Bailey

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Ralph Bailey. Bailey joined the Navy in 1939 and was assigned to USS Smith (DD-378). He then transferred to USS Radford (DD-446). He recalls an encounter with the Tokyo Express in Kula Gulf. That night, the Radford was ordered to rescue survivors from USS Helena (CL-50). Bailey, while acting as coxswain of a rescue boat, was left behind with about 63 other men when the Radford made way without them. Stranded on an island in enemy territory, Bailey credits Captain Cecil’s excellent leadership for their survival. Bailey and the other men were rescued by two destroyers and returned home safely.
Date: unknown
Creator: Bailey, Ralph
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Dorinda Nicholson, September 17, 2011 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Dorinda Nicholson, September 17, 2011

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Dorinda Nicholson. Nicholson was a first-grader living on Pearl City Peninsula at the time of the attack. Japanese planes grazed the trees in her backyard as they began their bombardment, and Nicholson’s father rushed her family to the sugarcane fields perched above the harbor. From that day onward, the island was under martial law and strict rationing. Nicholson saw many locals leave and thousands of soldiers arrive. When the war finally ended, it seemed the soldiers left nothing behind but camouflage netting and cans of SPAM. This surplus source of protein after such a prolonged period of scarcity quickly became a favorite among the islanders. Nicholson has written four books about children’s experiences during World War II and is published by National Geographic.
Date: September 17, 2011
Creator: Nicholson, Dorinda
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Everett E. Knebel, June 14, 2004 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Everett E. Knebel, June 14, 2004

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Everett E Knebel. Knebel joined the Navy in January 1942 as an experienced carpenter. He received basic training at Great Lakes and was among the first Seabees to be deployed in the war. When his unit left the island, Knebel stayed behind to have an appendectomy. He returned to duty on the island, climbing 40 feet in the air to construct a parachute drying tower, and operating the backhoe to install a sewage system. His working hours were ordinary and regular, just as in civilian life, only he would pause to make way for Polynesian natives whenever they held a traditional burial ceremony. He describes their singing in the procession, carrying a body wrapped in yellow on their shoulders. After two years, Knebel returned to the States. He was stationed at Port Hueneme when the war ended.
Date: June 14, 2004
Creator: Knebel, Everett E
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Dorinda Nicholson, September 17, 2011 transcript

Oral History Interview with Dorinda Nicholson, September 17, 2011

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Dorinda Nicholson. Nicholson was a first-grader living on Pearl City Peninsula at the time of the attack. Japanese planes grazed the trees in her backyard as they began their bombardment, and Nicholson’s father rushed her family to the sugarcane fields perched above the harbor. From that day onward, the island was under martial law and strict rationing. Nicholson saw many locals leave and thousands of soldiers arrive. When the war finally ended, it seemed the soldiers left nothing behind but camouflage netting and cans of SPAM. This surplus source of protein after such a prolonged period of scarcity quickly became a favorite among the islanders. Nicholson has written four books about children’s experiences during World War II and is published by National Geographic.
Date: September 17, 2011
Creator: Nicholson, Dorinda
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Everett E. Knebel, June 14, 2004 transcript

Oral History Interview with Everett E. Knebel, June 14, 2004

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Everett E Knebel. Knebel joined the Navy in January 1942 as an experienced carpenter. He received basic training at Great Lakes and was among the first Seabees to be deployed in the war. When his unit left the island, Knebel stayed behind to have an appendectomy. He returned to duty on the island, climbing 40 feet in the air to construct a parachute drying tower, and operating the backhoe to install a sewage system. His working hours were ordinary and regular, just as in civilian life, only he would pause to make way for Polynesian natives whenever they held a traditional burial ceremony. He describes their singing in the procession, carrying a body wrapped in yellow on their shoulders. After two years, Knebel returned to the States. He was stationed at Port Hueneme when the war ended.
Date: June 14, 2004
Creator: Knebel, Everett E
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Deverl Goode, November 10, 2007 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Deverl Goode, November 10, 2007

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Deverl Goode. Goode was born in 1922 and joined the Army after one semester of college. He received basic training at Camp Wolters and landed on Leyte in 1944 with the Americal Division. He was sent to Cebu as a scout. Cut off behind enemy lines for several days, he subsisted on bananas, wild potatoes, and rainwater. He spent several months on Negros Island using a flamethrower to clear caves of enemy holdouts; one cave turned out to be a makeshift Japanese hospital. After the war ended, he was a guard at Sugamo Prison, where he escorted Tokyo Rose and Saipan Sue to their interrogations. He encountered several imprisoned American sergeants there, presumed to be spies. He visited Hiroshima, where only a small bit of steel infrastructure and bricks were left standing. Goode returned home and was discharged.
Date: November 10, 2007
Creator: Goode, Deverl
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Deverl Goode, November 10, 2007 transcript

Oral History Interview with Deverl Goode, November 10, 2007

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Deverl Goode. Goode was born in 1922 and joined the Army after one semester of college. He received basic training at Camp Wolters and landed on Leyte in 1944 with the Americal Division. He was sent to Cebu as a scout. Cut off behind enemy lines for several days, he subsisted on bananas, wild potatoes, and rainwater. He spent several months on Negros Island using a flamethrower to clear caves of enemy holdouts; one cave turned out to be a makeshift Japanese hospital. After the war ended, he was a guard at Sugamo Prison, where he escorted Tokyo Rose and Saipan Sue to their interrogations. He encountered several imprisoned American sergeants there, presumed to be spies. He visited Hiroshima, where only a small bit of steel infrastructure and bricks were left standing. Goode returned home and was discharged.
Date: November 10, 2007
Creator: Goode, Deverl
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with June Brandenberger, February 17, 2005 (open access)

Oral History Interview with June Brandenberger, February 17, 2005

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with June Brandenberger. Brandenberger finished high school in 1943 and was married later I n1944 to an officer in the Army Air Forces. She worked for a telephone company in San Antonio during the war. Brandenberger shares what it was like to be married with a small child and a husband overseas toward the end of the war. She describes his homecoming and what life was like after the war ended.
Date: February 17, 2005
Creator: Brandenberger, June
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Christion De La Cruz (open access)

Oral History Interview with Christion De La Cruz

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Christion De La Cruz. De La Cruz was born in 1926 in Saipan. He recalls life in Japanese-occupied Saipan as a child. He attended a Japanese school, and witnessed several family members imprisoned by the Japanese. He recalls his experiences in Saipan after the attack on Pearl Harbor. De La Cruz was recruited into the Japanese Imperial Army, and remained on Saipan for the duration of the war.
Date: unknown
Creator: De La Cruz, Christion
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Henry Panagelinan (open access)

Oral History Interview with Henry Panagelinan

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Henry Panagelinan. Panagelinan speaks about his father, who worked under the supervision of Chief Commissioner of the Japanese Government, Mr. Uwan Ada. They lived in Garapan, Saipan. His father’s job was to pass out orders and regulations. Henry provides details of growing up with his father, and attending the Japanese schools as a young boy in Saipan. He recalls the teachers trying to convert him to the Japanese system, and life overall in Japanese-occupied Saipan as a child during the war.
Date: unknown
Creator: Panagelinan, Henry
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Elnora Geer, October 29, 2007 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Elnora Geer, October 29, 2007

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Elnora Geer. Geer finished high school in 1933 and went to work as a telephone operator in McKinney, Texas. When the war started, Geer was married and had one child with another on the way when her husband was drafted in early 1944. Before her husband shipped overseas, she moved out to California with her babies. He was en route to the Philippines when the war ended and she was on hand to greet him upon his return to New Orleans.
Date: October 29, 2007
Creator: Geer, Elnora
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with June Brandenberger, February 17, 2005 transcript

Oral History Interview with June Brandenberger, February 17, 2005

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with June Brandenberger. Brandenberger finished high school in 1943 and was married later I n1944 to an officer in the Army Air Forces. She worked for a telephone company in San Antonio during the war. Brandenberger shares what it was like to be married with a small child and a husband overseas toward the end of the war. She describes his homecoming and what life was like after the war ended.
Date: February 17, 2005
Creator: Brandenberger, June
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Christion De La Cruz transcript

Oral History Interview with Christion De La Cruz

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Christion De La Cruz. De La Cruz was born in 1926 in Saipan. He recalls life in Japanese-occupied Saipan as a child. He attended a Japanese school, and witnessed several family members imprisoned by the Japanese. He recalls his experiences in Saipan after the attack on Pearl Harbor. De La Cruz was recruited into the Japanese Imperial Army, and remained on Saipan for the duration of the war.
Date: unknown
Creator: De La Cruz, Christion
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Frank Stagner, February 1, 2002 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Frank Stagner, February 1, 2002

Transcript of an oral interview with Frank Stagner. Stagner was a nine-year-old child living in Manila with his family when the Japanese invaded the Philippines. His father was a radio broadcaster and was asked to keep his station working during the invasion. When the station was destroyed, Stagner's father took the family into the hills where they were eventually captured by the Japanese. He relates the experiences he had just after being captured: getting back to Manila, being paraded through the streets by the Japanese, being interned at Fort Santiago where his father was interrogated, and being interned at Santo Tomas. He provides very few details of day to day life in the camp, but describes being liberated.
Date: February 1, 2002
Creator: Stagner, Frank
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Vernon Ollar, October 12, 2021 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Vernon Ollar, October 12, 2021

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Vernon Ollar. Ollar was working at the Rock Island Arsenal when the war started. He was already married with a child when he was drafted into the Army in late 1942. Ollar was attached to B Company in the 81st Chemical Mortar Battalion and proceeded to train with them. In late 1943, Ollar was shipped to England for more training prior to the invasion of Normandy. He recalls fighting in the hedgerows, fighting at St. Lo and liberating Paris. He fought all the way into Germany. In late 1945, Ollar returned to the US and was discharged.
Date: October 12, 2021
Creator: Ollar, Vernon
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Henry Panagelinan transcript

Oral History Interview with Henry Panagelinan

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Henry Panagelinan. Panagelinan speaks about his father, who worked under the supervision of Chief Commissioner of the Japanese Government, Mr. Uwan Ada. They lived in Garapan, Saipan. His father’s job was to pass out orders and regulations. Henry provides details of growing up with his father, and attending the Japanese schools as a young boy in Saipan. He recalls the teachers trying to convert him to the Japanese system, and life overall in Japanese-occupied Saipan as a child during the war.
Date: unknown
Creator: Panagelinan, Henry
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Elnora Geer, October 29, 2007 transcript

Oral History Interview with Elnora Geer, October 29, 2007

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Elnora Geer. Geer finished high school in 1933 and went to work as a telephone operator in McKinney, Texas. When the war started, Geer was married and had one child with another on the way when her husband was drafted in early 1944. Before her husband shipped overseas, she moved out to California with her babies. He was en route to the Philippines when the war ended and she was on hand to greet him upon his return to New Orleans.
Date: October 29, 2007
Creator: Geer, Elnora
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with James Sayles, June 21, 2011 (open access)

Oral History Interview with James Sayles, June 21, 2011

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with James Sayles. Sayles joined the Navy in March 1944 and received basic training at Camp Farragut. Upon completion, he was shipped to Midway and assigned to the USS Pompon (SS-267), nicknamed “The Peaceful P” because it never found any targets. Sayles enjoyed rest camp on Guam. As punishment for using the officers’ pool, he patrolled Truk for four of the hottest weeks of summer, with no air conditioning and while short on rations. When the war ended, he was immediately shipped home. On the way, he stopped for liberty in Panama City. Once stateside, he joined the Air Force and was commissioned at Loyola University as a junior in the ROTC. Sayles took a compassionate discharge in 1951 to care for his wife after the birth of their third child.
Date: June 21, 2011
Creator: Sayles, James
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Frank Stagner, February 1, 2002 transcript

Oral History Interview with Frank Stagner, February 1, 2002

Transcript of an oral interview with Frank Stagner. Stagner was a nine-year-old child living in Manila with his family when the Japanese invaded the Philippines. His father was a radio broadcaster and was asked to keep his station working during the invasion. When the station was destroyed, Stagner's father took the family into the hills where they were eventually captured by the Japanese. He relates the experiences he had just after being captured: getting back to Manila, being paraded through the streets by the Japanese, being interned at Fort Santiago where his father was interrogated, and being interned at Santo Tomas. He provides very few details of day to day life in the camp, but describes being liberated.
Date: February 1, 2002
Creator: Stagner, Frank
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Vernon Ollar, October 12, 2021 transcript

Oral History Interview with Vernon Ollar, October 12, 2021

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Vernon Ollar. Ollar was working at the Rock Island Arsenal when the war started. He was already married with a child when he was drafted into the Army in late 1942. Ollar was attached to B Company in the 81st Chemical Mortar Battalion and proceeded to train with them. In late 1943, Ollar was shipped to England for more training prior to the invasion of Normandy. He recalls fighting in the hedgerows, fighting at St. Lo and liberating Paris. He fought all the way into Germany. In late 1945, Ollar returned to the US and was discharged.
Date: October 12, 2021
Creator: Ollar, Vernon
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Elaine Graydon, February 1, 2002 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Elaine Graydon, February 1, 2002

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Elaine Graydon. Graydon was born in Manila, Philippines in 1937. Her mother was a native and her father was born in Spokane, Washington. He worked as a mining engineer. When the war began, Graydon was only 4 and ½ years old. She recalls when the Japanese invaded, and she and her family seeking refuge. In early 1942, she and her family were sent to Santo Tomas Internment Camp, where they lived in a shanty. Graydon provides vivid details of her experiences in the camp as a child, including schooling, food and living accommodations, interactions with the Japanese guards, their daily work and tasks and liberation from the camp in February of 1945.
Date: February 1, 2002
Creator: Graydon, Elaine
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with James Sayles, June 21, 2011 transcript

Oral History Interview with James Sayles, June 21, 2011

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with James Sayles. Sayles joined the Navy in March 1944 and received basic training at Camp Farragut. Upon completion, he was shipped to Midway and assigned to the USS Pompon (SS-267), nicknamed “The Peaceful P” because it never found any targets. Sayles enjoyed rest camp on Guam. As punishment for using the officers’ pool, he patrolled Truk for four of the hottest weeks of summer, with no air conditioning and while short on rations. When the war ended, he was immediately shipped home. On the way, he stopped for liberty in Panama City. Once stateside, he joined the Air Force and was commissioned at Loyola University as a junior in the ROTC. Sayles took a compassionate discharge in 1951 to care for his wife after the birth of their third child.
Date: June 21, 2011
Creator: Sayles, James
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History