Applications of radioisotopes in the preparation of labeled drugs are reviewed. Among the applications described are the preparation of carbon-14- labeled cardiac glycosides, and the biosyinthesis of carbon-14-labeled digitoxin, morphine, colchicine, atropine, podophyllotoxin, and nicotine. The fate and metabolism of many of these drugs were traced. Radiochemical procedures were developed for the synthesis of pure compounds of pharmacological interest labeled with carbon-14, sulfur-35, and tritium. Investigations were made on the phenomena of drug penetration into the central nervous system. Publications during the period are listed. (C.H.)

From abstract: The Piedmont Upland in Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware is about 160 miles long and at the most 50 miles wide. Rocks that underlie the province are the Baltimore gneiss of Precambrian age and quartzite, gneiss, schist, marble, phyllite, and greenstone, which make up the Glenarm series of early Paleozoic(?) age. These are intruded by granitic, gabbroic, and ultramafic igneous rocks. Most of the ultramafic rocks, originally peridotite, pyroxenite, and dunite, have been partly or completely altered to serpentine and talc; they are all designated by the general term serpentine. The bodies of serpentine are commonly elongate and conformable with the enclosing rocks.

Previous investigations that the pancreas is a radioresistant organ. Ivy in 1924 noted the presence of a fibrotic atrophic pancreas in a dog which had received one erythema dose to the epigastrium. Fisher in 1923 reported that four to five erythema doses delivered in a single application caused complete disappearance of the irradiated pancreatic remnant in about two months. These dogs died because of uncontrolled diabetes. One dog that received four erythema doses (possibly 200 r) was sacrificed after five months. At autopsy the irradiated pancreas had disappeared, but 275 mgm of regenerated pancreas were found at the base of the main duct and 100 mgm at the base of the accessory duct. Leven in 1933 implanted radon seeds into the pancreas. Dosages varied from 528 to 1584 millicurie hours. At postmorten the pancreas surrounding the seeds demonstrated fibrous atropy and foci of necrosis. The islets appeared normal but were relatively larger in size. Rauch in 1952 reported that dogs given 200 r in air over the pancreas on alternate days until a total of 1600 r was received failed to show any histological changes after two months. Lushbaugh and Spalding and Lushbaugh reported that over 1500 r of whole-body …

Report issued by the U.S. Bureau of Mines discussing translations of scientific literature on coal and coal technologies. As stated in the introduction, "this guide describes only the sources used to obtain information on foreign coal technology" (p. 1). This report includes tables.

Description of 15 specific systems employing search-type selection principles.

Report providing an alphabetical listing of the periodicals, both American and foreign, that are currently being received in the Washington (D.C.) Library of the National Bureau of Standards. Approximately 2,000 titles are cited, together with call numbers indicating the location of each in the NBS Washington Library. Although this information was compiled primarily for the use of the Bureau's scientific staff, it is also of value to libraries, scientific and technical organizations, and research workers.

Definitive history of the United States National Bureau of Standards.

Surface contamination with beryllium becomes a hazard to health only when the potential exists for resuspension in air in enough quantity and for enough time to exceed the prescribed standards for airborne exposures. There are several factors governing the rate and nature of resuspension phenomena. These factors include: the quantity and properties of the particular beryllium compound causing the contamination, the nature of the surface, activities in the vicinity, ventilation in the area which might affect the dilution of resuspended particles, and the presence of other control measures such as respiratory protection and use of wet methods. Generally, it has been found that the problem is minimal and can be easily controlled by exercising good judgement based upon consideration of pertinent factors governing resuspension, and a knowledge of the nature of beryllium toxicity.

The first national Technical Conference on Air Pollution (1) held in this city in 1950 included eight papers on meteorology; the present session contains one. On this basis, one night conclude that recent progress in meteorology has been virtually nonexistent or that the importance of meteorological factors has been diminishing, Neither could be further from the truth, as the number and quality of papers relating to air pollution meteorology in recent scientific and technical sessions will attest. It is particularly appropriate to review the status of meteorological "know-how" at this time, because of the many situations in which the ultimate capability of the atmosphere to absorb pollution is in question. Both in connection with highly toxic materials on the one hand and the "megalopolis" on the other, estimates of the "atmospheric sewer capacity" are becoming increasingly necessary to industrial and municipal planning.

Boron-10 has a high thermal neutron capture cross section (3880 barns). Following neutron capture, the subsequent nuclear disintegration produces an alpha particle and a lithium-7 nucleus with the release of an average of 2.34 MeV for the particle irradiation, and in 93% of the reactions there is also the emission of an 0.48 MeV gamma ray: [equation not transcribed]. The kinetic energy is divided between the lithium-7 nucleus and the alpha particle giving the equal and opposite momentums with a range in tissue of about 8-14μ or approximately 1 cell diameter (1). This fact and the reported favorable partition of boron between tumor and the normal brain suggested a possible therapeutic usefulness which has been investigated clinically. The object of our study is to document the biological effects of the B10 (n,α) Li7 reaction on the brain of dogs injected with boron-10 30 minutes prior to irradiation with thermal neutrons. For this, we felt it desirable to estimate a dose for the boron-10 reaction which if exceeded, produces destruction of normal tissue. This dose could then be a reference dose to be utilized as a maximal limit for the irradiation of normal tissue. We have assured that the largest fluence …

Report documenting the isolation and identification of microorganisms found in the noses, throats, and lower intestines of twenty two dogs. The most frequently observed organisms were E. coli and S. viridans.

Field evaluations made of uranium deposits located in and near southwestern Turkey

Report that summarizes multiple laboratories' reports on global fallout deposition. Reports include data on Strontium-90 deposition recorded by the Health and Safety Laboratory, data from other laboratories, related interpretive reports, and recent publications related to fallout.

Abstract: A 12,000 curie cesium-137 research irradiator has been designed and installed on the Georgia Tech campus. The evaluation of the physical characteristics of the irradiator has been completed.

Summary: "This appendix presents the procedures for digital implementation of the segmented tire model, developed in the basic report for an analog computer. Two procedures are required: (a) determination of the segment spring coefficient from measured load-deflection test results, and (b) computation of the resultant force vector transmitted to the axle. Digital programs for both procedures were written in Fortran IV for a GE-420 system, and are included" (p. xi).

From Summary: "This publication lists and provides brief accounts of the major disasters not classified as explosions of gas or dust that have occurred in the coal mines of the United States from the earliest times to the present."

"Dust and gas masks and respirators have been an effective method under certain environmental conditions to reduce the inhalation of toxic aerosols. Under many conditions, however, their efficacy has been seriously questioned. It is the purpose of this study to evaluation over-all respirator performance on fine aerosols and to develop equipment whereby a greater degree of respiratory protection may be assured with reliability for highly toxic atmospheres."

Report that summarizes multiple laboratories' reports on global fallout deposition. Reports include data on Strontium-90 deposition recorded by the Health and Safety Laboratory, data from other laboratories, related interpretive reports, and recent publications related to fallout.

First part of an appendix that accompanies a study meant to develop a model for predicting the cross-country performance of military vehicles in various conditions. This volume describes a segment of tests to determine the ability of vehicles to negotiate lateral obstacles (e.g., trees, boulders, holes, mounds, etc.).

First report in a series of eight about studies to predict the performance of military vehicles in different kinds of terrain. This volume is a summary of the overall project and results.

Introduction: The primary objective of the work of this report was research and development leading to large-scale applications of low level isotope tracer technology.

Report describing the results of a nine-month feasibility study of environmental data to determine various possible methods for organizing and presenting such data for Office of Civil Defense (OCD) use.

Report presenting a bibliography on atomic transition probabilities. The papers are arranged according to elements and stages of ionization, and the method employed and class of transitions are indicated behind each reference. Only articles on discrete transitions, both permitted and forbidden, are listed. Also included is a supplementary list of papers dealing with transition probabilities from a general point of view, a table showing the availability of numerical material on the individual atoms and ions, and a table of conversion factors.

Description of a data collection and reporting system which was devised and installed in the Union Carbide Nuclear Company's Y-12 Plant Maintenance Division.