An advanced control system for fine coal flotation. Fourth quarterly technical progress report, July 1, 1996--September 30, 1996 (open access)

An advanced control system for fine coal flotation. Fourth quarterly technical progress report, July 1, 1996--September 30, 1996

A model-based flotation control scheme is being implemented to achieve optimal performance in the handling and treatment of fine coal. The control scheme monitors flotation performance through on-line analysis of ash content. Then, based on the economic and metallurgical performance of the circuit, variables such as reagent dosage, pulp density and pulp level are adjusted using model-based control algorithms to compensate for feed variations and other process disturbances. Recent developments in sensor technology are being applied for on-line determination of slurry ash content. During the fourth quarter of this project, a final attempt was made to calibrate a video-based ash analyzer for use in this application. It was concluded that the low ash content and the coarse particle size of the flotation tailings slurry at the Maple Meadow plant site made the video-based system unsuitable for this application. Plans are now underway to lease a nuclear-based analyzer as the primary sensor for this project.
Date: March 4, 1997
Creator: Adel, G. T. & Luttrell, G. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced combustion technologies for gas turbine power plants (open access)

Advanced combustion technologies for gas turbine power plants

Objectives are to develop actuators for enhancing the mixing between gas streams, increase combustion stability, and develop hgih-temperature materials for actuators and sensors in combustors. Turbulent kinetic energy maps of an excited jet with co-flow in a cavity with a partially closed exhaust end are given with and without a longitudinal or a transverse acoustic field. Dielectric constants and piezoelectric coefficients were determined for Sr{sub 2}(Nb{sub x}Ta{sub 1-x}){sub 2}O{sub 7} ceramics.
Date: December 1995
Creator: Vandsburger, U.; Roe, L. A. & Desu, S. B.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Development of low-expansion ceramics with strength retention to elevated temperatures. Final report (open access)

Development of low-expansion ceramics with strength retention to elevated temperatures. Final report

The development of advanced engines has resulted in the need for new ceramic compositions which exhibit thermo-mechanical properties suitable for the engine environment, e.g., low thermal expansion, stability to 1,200 C, and thermal shock resistance. To meet these goals, a two phase research program was instituted. In the first phase, new oxide ceramics were identified in the AlPO{sub 4}-{beta}-eucryptite, {beta}-cristobalite, mullite and zircon systems. This research focused on screening and property characterization of ceramics in the four systems. The most promising compositions in the AlPO{sub 4}-{beta}-eucryptite and zircon systems were then further evaluated and developed in the second phase with the goal of being ready for prototype testing in actual engines. Of the compositions, calcium magnesium zirconium phosphate (zircon system) exhibits the most desirable properties and is presently being developed for commercialization.
Date: September 1, 1994
Creator: Hirschfeld, D.A. & Brown, J.J. Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Performance of a diesel engine operating on raw coal-diesel fuel and solvent refined coal-diesel fuel slurries. Final report (open access)

Performance of a diesel engine operating on raw coal-diesel fuel and solvent refined coal-diesel fuel slurries. Final report

Performance tests using an 11 kW single cylinder diesel engine were made to determine the effects of three different micronized coal-fuel oil slurries being considered as alternative fuels. Slurries containing 20, 32, and 40%-wt micronized raw coal in No. 2 fuel oil were used. Results are presented indicating the changes in the concentrations of SO/sub X/ and NO/sub X/ in the exhaust, exhaust opacity, power and efficiency, and in wear rates relative to operation on fuel oil No. 2. The engine was operated for 10 h at full load and 1400 rpm on al fuels except the 40%-wt slurry. This test was discontinued because of extremely poor performance.
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Marshall, H. P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
In-Plant Testing of High-Efficiency Hydraulic Separators, Phase II Annual Technical Progress Report: 2005 (open access)

In-Plant Testing of High-Efficiency Hydraulic Separators, Phase II Annual Technical Progress Report: 2005

Hydraulic separators are commonly used for particle size classification and gravity concentration of minerals and coal. Unfortunately, the efficiency of these processes can be quite low due to poor equipment design and variations in feed consistency. To help alleviate these problems, an industry-driven R&D program has been undertaken to develop a new generation of hydraulic separators that are more efficient and less costly to operate and maintain. These units, which are commercially called the CrossFlow separator and HydroFloat separator, have the potential to improve performance (separation efficiency and throughput) and reduce operating costs (power consumption, water and reagent usage). In Phase I of this project, laboratory and pilot-scale test units were evaluated at various industrial sites in both the coal and mineral industries. Based on promising results obtained from Phase I, full-scale prototypes were purchased and installed by a major U.S. phosphate producer and a large eastern U.S. coal company. The test data obtained from these sites demonstrate that significant performance improvements can be realized through the application of these high-efficiency separators.
Date: May 22, 2006
Creator: Luttrell, G. H.; Honaker, R. Q.; Bratton, R. C.; Westerfield, T. C. & Kohmuench, J. N.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Research and development entitled smart structures for fossil energy applications (open access)

Research and development entitled smart structures for fossil energy applications

Two different fiber optic sensors were considered for use in ceramic cross flow filters. The intensity-based sensor was tested with a great degree of success. Even with a computerized data acquisition system, the intensity-based sensor was unable to achieve the resolution of the Fabry-Perot sensor. Another drawback of the intensity sensor is the hysteresis behavior observed over cyclic variation of temperature. We have determined that extrinsic Fabry-Perot fiber optic sensors can be used to measure thermal strains in ceramic cross-flow filters with accuracies of 0.1 {mu}m/m. The single ended approach of the reflective Fabry-Perot sensors is well suited for high thermal strain measurements; the results obtained show that the output of the fiber sensor tracks the temperature changes exactly as expected and shows no noticeable time lag between the measurand and the output signal. Sapphire fibers were manufactured with silica claddings and their spectral attenuation was measured. An intensity based sensor using sapphire fibers was fabricated and its performance calibrated. The success of the Fabry-Perot sensor has proved that such fiber optic sensors are ideally suited for smart structures'' in fossil energy applications. 11 refs., 43 figs.
Date: December 1, 1990
Creator: Claus, R.O.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Partial-wave analyses of hadron scattering below 2 GeV (open access)

Partial-wave analyses of hadron scattering below 2 GeV

The Center for Analysis of Particle Scattering (CAPS) in the Department of Physics at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University has analyzed basic two-body hadron reactions below 2 GeV for the last two decades. Reactions studied were nucleon-nucleon, pion-nucleon, K{sup +}-nucleon and pion photoproduction systems. In addition to analyses of these systems, a computer graphics system (SAID) has been developed and disseminated to over 250 research institutions using VAX computers. The computer-interactive system for disseminating information on basic scattering reactions is also accessible to the physics community through TELNET on the VPI SU physics department VAX. 6 refs.
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Arndt, Richard A. & Roper, L. David
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Index of the Nevada Applied Ecology Group and associated publications available in the Coordination and Information Center (open access)

Index of the Nevada Applied Ecology Group and associated publications available in the Coordination and Information Center

This publication was created by the Coordination and Information Center (CIC) to provide a readily available research tool for use by researchers interested in a specific area covered in the holdings of the CIC Archives. The Nevada Applied Ecology Group (NAEG) was formed and functioned in agreement with Planning Directive NVO-76 (July 29, 1970 and revised January 1, 1974, (CIC-165845 and CIC-16439) respectively) to coordinate the ecological and other environmental programs necessary to support the continued nuclear testing activities; and to provide a mechanism to effectively comply with requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, Executive Order 11514, and AEC Manual Chapter 0510.'' The publication contains only citations to documents currently available at the CIC. It represents a significant portion of the principal research findings of the Nevada Applied Ecology Group.
Date: February 1, 1991
Creator: Maza, B.G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Investigations in dynamics of gauge theories in theoretical particle physics]. [Virginia Polytechnic Institute State Univ. , Blacksburg] (open access)

[Investigations in dynamics of gauge theories in theoretical particle physics]. [Virginia Polytechnic Institute State Univ. , Blacksburg]

The major theme of the theoretical physics research conducted under DOE support over the past several years has been within the rubric of the standard model, and concerned the interplay between symmetries and dynamics. The research was thus carried out mostly in the context of gauge field theories, and usually in the presence of chiral fermions. Dynamical symmetry breaking was examined both from the point of view of perturbation theory, as well as from non-perturbative techniques associated with certain characteristic features of specific theories. Among the topics of research were: the implications of abelian and non-abelian anomalies on the spectrum and possible dynamical symmetry breaking in any theory, topological and conformal properties of quantum fields in two and higher dimensions, the breaking of global chiral symmetries by vector-like gauge theories such as QCD, the phenomenological implications of a strongly interacting Higgs sector in the standard model, and the application of soliton ideas to the physics to be explored at the SSC.
Date: January 1, 1993
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Partial-wave analyses of hadron scattering below 2 GeV (open access)

Partial-wave analyses of hadron scattering below 2 GeV

The Center for Analysis of Particle Scattering (CAPS) in the Department of Physics at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University has analyzed basic two-body hadron reactions below 2 GeV for the last two decades. Reactions studied were nucleon-nucleon, pion-nucleon, K[sup +]-nucleon and pion photoproduction systems. In addition to analyses of these reactions, a computer graphics system (SAID) has been developed and disseminated to over 250 research institutions using VAX computers. The computer-interactive system for disseminating information on basic scattering reactions is also accessible to the physics community through TELNET on the VPI SU physics department VAX.
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Arndt, Richard A.; Roper, L. David & Workman, Ron L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
EFFECT OF CROSSLINKING ON MITOCHONDRIAL CYTOCHROME c OXIDASE (open access)

EFFECT OF CROSSLINKING ON MITOCHONDRIAL CYTOCHROME c OXIDASE

Purified and reconstituted cytochrome {und c} oxidase and mitochondria were crosslinked with biimidates in the presence and absence of cytochrome {und c}. These experiments indicate that oxidase subunit interactions are required for activity and that cytochrome {und c} mobility may be required for electron transport activity. Biimidate treatment of purified and reconstituted oxidase crosslinks all of the oxidase protomers except subunit I when {ge} 20% of the free amines are modified and inhibits steady state oxidase activity. Transient kinetics of ferrocytochrome {und c} oxidation and ferricytochrome {und a} reduction indicates inhibition of electron transfer from heme {und a} to heme {und a}{sub 3}. Crosslinking oxidase molecules to form large aggregates displaying rotational correlation times {ge} 1 ms does not affect oxidase activity. Crosslinking of mitochondria covalently binds the bc{sub 1} and {und aa}{sub 3} complexes to cytochrome {und c}, and inhibits steady-state oxidase activity considerably more than in the case of the purified oxidase. Addition of cytochrome {und c} to the purified oxidase or to {und c}-depleted mitoplasts increases inhibition slightly. Cytochrome {und c} oligomers act as competitive inhibitors of native {und c}, however, crosslinking of cytochrome {und c} to {und c}-depleted mitoplasts or purified oxidase (with dimethyl suberimidate or …
Date: December 1, 1979
Creator: Swanson, Maurice & Packer, Lester
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Control of pyrite surface chemistry in physical coal cleaning. First quarterly progress report, September 1, 1989--November 30, 1989 (open access)

Control of pyrite surface chemistry in physical coal cleaning. First quarterly progress report, September 1, 1989--November 30, 1989

To better understand the flotation behavior of coal pyrite, studies have been initiated to characterize the floatability of coal pyrite and mineral pyrite. The hydrophobicity of coal material pyrite was examined over a range of pH and oxidation times. The results indicate that surface oxidation plays an important role in coal and mineral pyrite hydrophobicity. The hydrophobicity of mineral pyrite decreases with increasing oxidation time (20 min. to 5 hr.) and increasing pH (pH 4.6 to 9.2), with maximum depression occurring at pH 9.2. However, coal pyrite exhibited low floatability, even at the lowest oxidation time, over the entire pH range. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results suggest the growth of an oxidized iron layer as being responsible for the deterioration in floatability, while a sulfur-containing species present on the sample surfaces may promote floatability. Preliminary studies of the effect of frother indicate an enhancement in the floatability of both coal and mineral pyrite over the entire pH range.
Date: January 17, 1990
Creator: Luttrell, G. H.; Yoon, R. H.; Zachwieja, J. & Lagno, M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Legacy Management Program Update, April-June 2009 (open access)

U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Legacy Management Program Update, April-June 2009

Welcome to the April-June 2009 issue of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Legacy Management (LM) Program Update. This publication is designed to provide a status of activities within LM. The Legacy Management goals are: (1) Protect human health and the environment through effective and efficient long-term surveillance and maintenance - This goal highlights DOE's responsibility to ensure long-term protection of people, the environment, and the integrity of engineered remedies and monitoring systems. (2) Preserve, protect, and make accessible legacy records and information - This goal recognizes LM's commitment to successfully manage records, information, and archives of legacy sites under its authority. (3) Support an effective and efficient work force structured to accomplish Departmental missions and assure continuity of contractor worker pension and medical benefits - This goal recognizes DOE's commitment to its contracted work force and the consistent management of pension and health benefits. As sites continue to close, DOE faces the challenges of managing pension plan and health benefits liability. (4) Manage legacy land and assets, emphasizing protective real and personal property reuse and disposition - This goal recognizes a DOE need for local collaborative management of legacy assets, including coordinating land use planning, personal property …
Date: April 1, 2009
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
24-Channel Geophone Array for Horizontal or Vertical Boreholes: Final Report (open access)

24-Channel Geophone Array for Horizontal or Vertical Boreholes: Final Report

Improved ground-imaging capabilities have enormous potential to increase energy, environmental, and economic benefits by improving exploration accuracy and reducing energy consumption during the mining cycle. Seismic tomography has been used successfully to monitor and evaluate geologic conditions ahead of a mining face. A primary limitation to existing seismic tomography, however, is the placement of sensors. The goal of this project is to develop an array of 24 seismic sensors capable of being mounted in either a vertical or horizontal borehole. Development of this technology reduces energy usage in excavation, transportation, ventilation, and processing phases of the mining operation because less waste is mined and the mining cycle suffers fewer interruptions. This new technology benefits all types of mines, including metal/nonmetal, coal, and quarrying. The primary research tasks focused on sensor placement method, sensor housing and clamping design, and cabling and connector selection. An initial design is described in the report. Following assembly, a prototype was tested in the laboratory as well as at a surface stone quarry. Data analysis and tool performance were used for subsequent design modifications. A final design is described, of which several components are available for patent application. Industry partners have shown clear support for this …
Date: October 24, 2003
Creator: Westman, Erik C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Precombustion removal of hazardous air pollutant precursors. Quarterly technical progress report, October 1, 1996--December 31, 1996 (open access)

Precombustion removal of hazardous air pollutant precursors. Quarterly technical progress report, October 1, 1996--December 31, 1996

This project involves the development of an optimized, bench-scale processing circuit capable of efficiently removing trace elements from run-of-mine coals. The optimized circuit will be developed using characterization data obtained from detailed washability suicides and release analyses tests conducted with several eastern U.S. coals. The optimized circuit will incorporate a variety of conventional and advanced coal cleaning processes which are believed to be the most cost-effective and commercially viable. The coal products from the optimized circuit will be further treated with complexing agents specifically designed to extract organometallic trace elements that are difficult to remove by physical cleaning operations. Finally, innovative bioremediation schemes will be investigated as a means of controlling the release of trace elements from the process waste streams. Emphasis has been placed on the development of a processing circuit which (i) maximizes the rejection of trace elements, (ii) minimizes the production of coal fines which are costly to process and less marketable, and (iii) minimizes the downstream impacts of the process waste streams on the environment.
Date: January 26, 1997
Creator: Luttrell, G. H.; Adel, G. T. & Yoon, R. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Development of a video-based slurry sensor for on-line ash analysis. Final technical report, October 1, 1994--September 30, 1996 (open access)

Development of a video-based slurry sensor for on-line ash analysis. Final technical report, October 1, 1994--September 30, 1996

Automatic control of fine coal cleaning circuits has traditionally been limited by the lack of sensors for on-line ash analysis. Although several nuclear-based slurry analyzers are available, none have seen widespread acceptance. This is largely due to the fact that nuclear sensors are expensive and tend to be influenced by changes in seam type and pyrite content. In this investigation, an image analysis technique is used for on-line determination of ash content in fine coal slurries. The ash content of a flotation tailings stream is correlated to the mean gray level of the slurry. Based on a 90% prediction interval, an analysis of sensor performance indicates an accuracy of 73 {+-} 4% ash over a range from 65 - 90% ash. While this result is comparable to existing nuclear-based analyzers, the video-based system is only a fraction of the cost. The sensor is currently being used to monitor the column flotation tailings stream at the Middle Fork preparation plant owned and operated by Pittston Coal Company.
Date: December 2, 1996
Creator: Adel, G. T. & Luttrell, G. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Composite fabrication via resin transfer molding technology (open access)

Composite fabrication via resin transfer molding technology

The IMPReS (Integrated Modeling and Processing of Resin-based Structures) Program was funded in FY95 to consolidate, evaluate and enhance Sandia`s capabilities in the design and fabrication of composite structures. A key driver of this and related programs was the need for more agile product development processes and for model based design and fabrication tools across all of Sandia`s material technologies. A team of polymer, composite and modeling personnel was assembled to benchmark Sandia`s existing expertise in this area relative to industrial and academic programs and to initiate the tasks required to meet Sandia`s future needs. RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) was selected as the focus composite fabrication technology due to its versatility and growing use in industry. Modeling efforts focused on the prediction of composite mechanical properties and failure/damage mechanisms and also on the uncured resin flow processes typical of RTM. Appropriate molds and test composites were fabricated and model validation studies begun. This report summarizes and archives the modeling and fabrication studies carried out under IMPReS and evaluates the status of composite technology within Sandia. It should provide a complete and convenient baseline for future composite technology efforts within Sandia.
Date: April 1, 1996
Creator: Jamison, G. M. & Domeier, L. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Controlling incipient oxidation of pyrite for improved rejection. Final report (open access)

Controlling incipient oxidation of pyrite for improved rejection. Final report

It is well known that superficial oxidation of pyrite produces a hydrophobic sulfur-rich surface and creates problems in separating the mineral from coal using surface-based processes such as flotation and agglomeration. Numerous studies of pyrite oxidation have been conducted but most of them were concerned with the advanced stages of oxidation, and as a result it was not possible to establish a relationship between oxidation and flotation behavior. A better understanding of the mechanisms and kinetics of the incipient oxidation reactions, which may vary with the origin, morphology, texture, and solid state properties of pyrite, can lead to the development of new processes that can improve pyrite rejection from coal. This project is aimed at better understanding of the mechanisms involved during the initial stages of pyrite oxidation to foster the development of advanced coal cleaning technologies. Studies were conducted by fracturing pyrite electrodes in-situ in an electrochemical cell to create virgin surfaces. Electrochemical and photoelectrochemical techniques were employed to characterize the incipient oxidation of pyrite in aqueous solutions. Microflotation tests were conducted to obtain information on the hydrophobicity of pyrite under controlled E{sub h} and pH conditions, and the results were correlated with electrochemical studies.
Date: April 1, 1996
Creator: Yoon, R. H.; Richardson, P. E. & Tao, D. P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Object-oriented modeling and design for sloan digital sky survey retained data (open access)

Object-oriented modeling and design for sloan digital sky survey retained data

The SDSS project will produce tens of terabytes of data with nonionships among them and with uncertain complexity in their usage. The survey is being conducted by an international collaboration of eight institutions scattered throughout the US and Japan as well as numerous individuals at other sites. The data archive must provide adequate access to all collaborating partners during the five-year survey lifetime to support: development and testing of software algorithms; quality analysis on both the raw and processed data; selection of spectroscopic targets from the photometric catalogs; and scientific analysis. Additionally, the archive will serve as the basis for the public distribution of the final calibrated data on a timely basis. In this paper, we document how we applied Object-Oriented modeling design to the development of data archives. In the end, based on the experiences, we put Object-Orientation in a proper perspective.
Date: December 1, 1995
Creator: Huang, C. H.; Munn, J.; Yanny, B.; Kent, S.; Petravick, D.; Pordes, R. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Development of the chemical and electrochemical coal cleaning process (open access)

Development of the chemical and electrochemical coal cleaning process

Studies concerning the use of flotation as an alternative method of separating liberated mineral matter from chemical/electrochemical coal cleaning (CECC) treated coal were continued using Elkhorn No. 3 coal. The results obtained using different methods of recovering the clean product after CECC treatment showed trends similar to those observed previously with Pittsburgh No. 8 coal. The use of flotation after CECC treatment of the Elkhorn No. 3 coal was found to be more efficient than wet-screening. Construction of the continuous bench-scale unit was completed in this quarter. The unit was modified to process 2 lbs/hr instead of the original design of 1 lb/hr so as to ensure efficient operation of the vacuum filter unit. Start-up of the continuous unit was successfully conducted and shakedown testings were started. Initial results show that the continuous unit was able to reduce the ash content of a recently acquired Wyodak coal sample to as low as 1.16%. 2 tabs.
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Basilio, C.I. & Yoon, Roe-Hoan.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Control of pyrite surface chemistry in physical coal cleaning (open access)

Control of pyrite surface chemistry in physical coal cleaning

To better understand the flotation behavior of coal pyrite, studies have been initiated to characterize the floatability of coal pyrite and mineral pyrite. The hydrophobicity of coal material pyrite was examined over a range of pH and oxidation times. The results indicate that surface oxidation plays an important role in coal and mineral pyrite hydrophobicity. The hydrophobicity of mineral pyrite decreases with increasing oxidation time (20 min. to 5 hr.) and increasing pH (pH 4.6 to 9.2), with maximum depression occurring at pH 9.2. However, coal pyrite exhibited low floatability, even at the lowest oxidation time, over the entire pH range. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results suggest the growth of an oxidized iron layer as being responsible for the deterioration in floatability, while a sulfur-containing species present on the sample surfaces may promote floatability. Preliminary studies of the effect of frother indicate an enhancement in the floatability of both coal and mineral pyrite over the entire pH range.
Date: January 17, 1990
Creator: Luttrell, G. H.; Yoon, R. H.; Zachwieja, J. & Lagno, M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Development of the chemical and electrochemical coal cleaning process (open access)

Development of the chemical and electrochemical coal cleaning process

The continuous testing of the Chemical and Electrochemical Coal Cleaning (CECC) bench-scale unit (Task 6) was completed successfully in this quarter using Middle Wyodak and Elkhorn No. 3 coal samples. The CECC unit was run under the optimum conditions established for these coal samples in Task 4. For the Middle Wyodak coal, the ash content was reduced from 6.96% to as low 1.61%, corresponding to an ash rejection (by weight) of about 83%. The ash and sulfur contents of the Elkhorn No. 3 coal were reduced to as low as 1.8% and 0.9%. The average ash and sulfur rejections were calculated to be around 84% and 47%. The CECC continuous unit was used to treat -325 mesh Elkhorn No. 3 coal samples and gave ash and sulfur rejection values of as high as 77% and 66%. In these test, the clean -325 mesh coal particles were separated from the liberated mineral matter through microbubble column flotation, instead of wet-screening.
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Basilio, C.I. & Yoon, Roe-Hoan.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Optical Fiber Sensor Instrumentation for Slagging Coal Gasifiers (open access)

Optical Fiber Sensor Instrumentation for Slagging Coal Gasifiers

Coal gasifier is one of the most promising solutions for clean fossil energy. Refractory thickness monitoring and online real-time temperature measurement is needed for improved reliability and advanced process control for current and future generation power plants. The objective of this program is to design and implement an optical fiber based sensing system that could potentially be used to monitor refractory wall thickness and temperature inside a coal gasifier. For the thickness monitoring, the system should be able to operate at temperatures up to 1000 C. For this temperature range, silica fiber can still work so it is chosen for the sensor design. The measurement is based on a photon counting optical time domain reflectometer. A narrow light pulse is launched into a silica fiber which could be embedded into the gasifier refractory wall, and is partially reflected by the far end of the fiber. The time of flight of the light pulse in the fiber then gives an indication of the position of the fiber end, which is a function of the wall thickness when the fiber is embedded. Results obtained show a measurement accuracy of {+-}2cm in environment of 1000 C with a saw cut fiber end. When …
Date: July 19, 2008
Creator: Wang, Anbo & Cooper, Kristie
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Properties of e/sup +/e/sup -/ interactions at. sqrt. s = 50 and 52 GeV (open access)

Properties of e/sup +/e/sup -/ interactions at. sqrt. s = 50 and 52 GeV

Bhabha scattering and multi-hadronic e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation events have been observed in the AMY detector at ..sqrt..s = 50 GeV and ..sqrt..s = 52 GeV at the TRISTAN e/sup +/e/sup -/ storage ring. Here we report the results of a preliminary analysis of the properties of these events. We present results for the e/sup +/e/sup -/ ..-->.. e/sup +/e/sup -/, e/sup +/e/sup -/ ..-->.. ..gamma gamma.. and e/sup +/e/sup -/ ..-->.. ..mu../sup +/..mu../sup -/ differential cross sections as well as for R, the ratio of e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation into hadrons to that for dimuons. In addition we present results on the characteristics of the final state hadrons in the annihilation events.
Date: July 1, 1987
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library