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Ecotoxicological effects extrapolation models (open access)

Ecotoxicological effects extrapolation models

One of the central problems of ecological risk assessment is modeling the relationship between test endpoints (numerical summaries of the results of toxicity tests) and assessment endpoints (formal expressions of the properties of the environment that are to be protected). For example, one may wish to estimate the reduction in species richness of fishes in a stream reach exposed to an effluent and have only a fathead minnow 96 hr LC50 as an effects metric. The problem is to extrapolate from what is known (the fathead minnow LC50) to what matters to the decision maker, the loss of fish species. Models used for this purpose may be termed Effects Extrapolation Models (EEMs) or Activity-Activity Relationships (AARs), by analogy to Structure-Activity Relationships (SARs). These models have been previously reviewed in Ch. 7 and 9 of and by an OECD workshop. This paper updates those reviews and attempts to further clarify the issues involved in the development and use of EEMs. Although there is some overlap, this paper does not repeat those reviews and the reader is referred to the previous reviews for a more complete historical perspective, and for treatment of additional extrapolation issues.
Date: September 1996
Creator: Suter, G. W. II
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Government Performance and Results Act, P.L. 103-62: Implementation Through Fall 1996 and Issues for the 105th Congress (open access)

Government Performance and Results Act, P.L. 103-62: Implementation Through Fall 1996 and Issues for the 105th Congress

The Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) of 1993, P.L. 103-62, encourages greater accountability, requiring agencies to set goals and use performance measures for management and budgeting. This report examines how agencies will solicit information from stakeholders and consult with Congress to develop strategic goals, to be provided in final form to Congress in September 1997; GAO and OMB are to report in May and June 1997 (but may advance the date to March 1997) to Congress on agency readiness for full scale implementation and to recommend changes in the statute; and agencies are expected to comply with OMB's requirements to use more performance measurement information in FY1998 budget requests.
Date: December 24, 1996
Creator: Knezo, Genevieve J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Annual report for RCRA groundwater monitoring projects at Hanford Site facilities for 1995 (open access)

Annual report for RCRA groundwater monitoring projects at Hanford Site facilities for 1995

This report presents the annual hydrogeologic evaluation of 19 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 facilities and 1 nonhazardous waste facility at the US Department of Energy`s Hanford Site. Although most of the facilities no longer receive dangerous waste, a few facilities continue to receive dangerous waste constituents for treatment, storage, or disposal. The 19 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act facilities comprise 29 waste management units. Nine of the units are monitored under groundwater quality assessment status because of elevated levels of contamination indicator parameters. The impact of those units on groundwater quality, if any, is being investigated. If dangerous waste or waste constituents have entered groundwater, their concentration profiles, rate, and extent of migration are evaluated. Groundwater is monitored at the other 20 units to detect leakage, should it occur. This report provides an interpretation of groundwater data collected at the waste management units between October 1994 and September 1995. Groundwater quality is described for the entire Hanford Site. Widespread contaminants include nitrate, chromium, carbon tetrachloride, tritium, and other radionuclides.
Date: February 1, 1996
Creator: Hartman, M.J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Green River Formation Water Flood Demonstration Project: Final report. [October 21, 1992-April, 30, 1996] (open access)

Green River Formation Water Flood Demonstration Project: Final report. [October 21, 1992-April, 30, 1996]

The objectives were to understand the oil production mechanisms in the Monument Butte unit via reservoir characterization and reservoir simulations and to transfer the water flooding technology to similar units in the vicinity, particularly the Travis and the Boundary units. Comprehensive reservoir characterization and reservoir simulations of the Monument Butte, Travis and Boundary units were presented in the two published project yearly reports. The primary and the secondary production from the Monument Butte unit were typical of oil production from an undersaturated oil reservoir close to its bubble point. The water flood in the smaller Travis unit appeared affected by natural and possibly by large interconnecting hydraulic fractures. Water flooding the boundary unit was considered more complicated due to the presence of an oil water contact in one of the wells. The reservoir characterization activity in the project basically consisted of extraction and analysis of a full diameter c ore, Formation Micro Imaging logs from several wells and Magnetic Resonance Imaging logs from two wells. In addition, several side-wall cores were drilled and analyzed, oil samples from a number of wells were physically and chemically characterized (using gas chromatography), oil-water relative permeabilities were measured and pour points and cloud points …
Date: November 1, 1996
Creator: Deo, M. D.; Dyer, J. E.; Lomax, J. D.; Nielson, D. L. & Lutz, S. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Long-term fate of depleted uranium at Aberdeen and Yuma Proving Grounds: Human health and ecological risk assessments (open access)

Long-term fate of depleted uranium at Aberdeen and Yuma Proving Grounds: Human health and ecological risk assessments

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immediate and long-term consequences of depleted uranium (DU) in the environment at Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG) and Yuma Proving Ground (YPG) for the Test and Evaluation Command (TECOM) of the US Army. Specifically, we examined the potential for adverse radiological and toxicological effects to humans and ecosystems caused by exposure to DU at both installations. We developed contaminant transport models of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems at APG and terrestrial ecosystems at YPG to assess potential adverse effects from DU exposure. Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses of the initial models showed the portions of the models that most influenced predicted DU concentrations, and the results of the sensitivity analyses were fundamental tools in designing field sampling campaigns at both installations. Results of uranium (U) isotope analyses of field samples provided data to evaluate the source of U in the environment and the toxicological and radiological doses to different ecosystem components and to humans. Probabilistic doses were estimated from the field data, and DU was identified in several components of the food chain at APG and YPG. Dose estimates from APG data indicated that U or DU uptake was insufficient to cause adverse toxicological …
Date: September 1, 1996
Creator: Ebinger, M. H.; Beckman, R. J.; Myers, O. B.; Kennedy, P. L.; Clements, W. & Bestgen, H. T.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Christian Chronicle (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 53, No. 4, Ed. 1 Monday, April 1, 1996 (open access)

The Christian Chronicle (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 53, No. 4, Ed. 1 Monday, April 1, 1996

Monthly newspaper from Oklahoma City, Oklahoma that includes news and information about the Churches of Christ along with advertising.
Date: April 1, 1996
Creator: Norton, Howard W. & Shipp, Glover
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Sodium/sulfur battery engineering for stationary energy storage. Final report (open access)

Sodium/sulfur battery engineering for stationary energy storage. Final report

The use of modular systems to distribute power using batteries to store off-peak energy and a state of the art power inverter is envisioned to offer important national benefits. A 4-year, cost- shared contract was performed to design and develop a modular, 300kVA/300-kWh system for utility and customer applications. Called Nas-P{sub AC}, this system uses advanced sodium/sulfur batteries and requires only about 20% of the space of a lead-acid-based system with a smaller energy content. Ten, 300-VDC, 40-kWh sodium/sulfur battery packs are accommodated behind a power conversion system envelope with integrated digital control. The resulting design facilities transportation, site selection, and deployment because the system is quiet and non-polluting, and can be located in proximity to the load. This report contains a detailed description of the design and supporting hardware development performed under this contract.
Date: April 1, 1996
Creator: Koenig, A. & Rasmussen, J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Christian Chronicle (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 53, No. 2, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 1, 1996 (open access)

The Christian Chronicle (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 53, No. 2, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 1, 1996

Monthly newspaper from Oklahoma City, Oklahoma that includes news and information about the Churches of Christ along with advertising.
Date: February 1, 1996
Creator: Norton, Howard W. & Shipp, Glover
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Christian Chronicle (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 53, No. 3, Ed. 1 Friday, March 1, 1996 (open access)

The Christian Chronicle (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 53, No. 3, Ed. 1 Friday, March 1, 1996

Monthly newspaper from Oklahoma City, Oklahoma that includes news and information about the Churches of Christ along with advertising.
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Norton, Howard W. & Shipp, Glover
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 20, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 16, 1996 (open access)

Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 20, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 16, 1996

Weekly Jewish newspaper from Fort Worth, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: May 16, 1996
Creator: Wisch, J. A. & Wisch, Rene
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 29, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 18, 1996 (open access)

Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 29, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 18, 1996

Weekly Jewish newspaper from Fort Worth, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: July 18, 1996
Creator: Wisch, J. A. & Wisch, Rene
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
DOE Order 5480.28 Hanford facilities database (open access)

DOE Order 5480.28 Hanford facilities database

This document describes the development of a database of DOE and/or leased Hanford Site Facilities. The completed database will consist of structure/facility parameters essential to the prioritization of these structures for natural phenomena hazard vulnerability in compliance with DOE Order 5480.28, `Natural Phenomena Hazards Mitigation`. The prioritization process will be based upon the structure/facility vulnerability to natural phenomena hazards. The ACCESS based database, `Hanford Facilities Site Database`, is generated from current Hanford Site information and databases.
Date: September 1, 1996
Creator: Hayenga, J.L., Westinghouse Hanford
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Christian Chronicle (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 53, No. 1, Ed. 1 Monday, January 1, 1996 (open access)

The Christian Chronicle (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 53, No. 1, Ed. 1 Monday, January 1, 1996

Monthly newspaper from Oklahoma City, Oklahoma that includes news and information about the Churches of Christ along with advertising.
Date: January 1, 1996
Creator: Norton, Howard W. & Shipp, Glover
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 6, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 8, 1996 (open access)

Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 6, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 8, 1996

Weekly Jewish newspaper from Fort Worth, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: February 8, 1996
Creator: Wisch, J. A. & Wisch, Rene
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 5, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 1, 1996 (open access)

Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 5, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 1, 1996

Weekly Jewish newspaper from Fort Worth, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: February 1, 1996
Creator: Wisch, J. A. & Wisch, Rene
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Adult Day Services: State Regulatory and Reimbursement Structure (open access)

Adult Day Services: State Regulatory and Reimbursement Structure

As the need for community care increases, complete and up-to-date information about organizational structure is crucial to making appropriate decisions about the expansion of adult day services. The absence of uniform national policies results in states and communities being relegated to balancing limited funds with the demand for adult day services, and in many areas, the lack of adult day care centers altogether. This study provides an overview of the types of state reimbursement, the availability of different funding sources, and the utilization of the sources in various states.
Date: May 1996
Creator: Weaver, Jan W. (Jan Wilkerson)
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 46, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 14, 1996 (open access)

Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 46, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 14, 1996

Weekly Jewish newspaper from Fort Worth, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: November 14, 1996
Creator: Wisch, J. A. & Wisch, Rene
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Measurements of stress evolution during thin film deposition (open access)

Measurements of stress evolution during thin film deposition

We have developed a technique for measuring thin film stress during growth by monitoring the wafer curvature. By measuring the deflection of multiple parallel laser beams with a CCD detector, the sensivity to vibration is reduced and a radius of curvature limit of 4 km has been obtained in situ. This technique also enables us to obtain a 2-dimensional profile of the surface curvature from the simultaneous reflection of a rectangular array of beams. Results from the growth of SiG alloy films are presented to demonstrate the unique information that can be obtained during growth.
Date: May 1, 1996
Creator: Chason, E. & Floro, J.A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 23, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 6, 1996 (open access)

Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 23, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 6, 1996

Weekly Jewish newspaper from Fort Worth, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: June 6, 1996
Creator: Wisch, J. A. & Wisch, Rene
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 52, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 26, 1996 (open access)

Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 52, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 26, 1996

Weekly Jewish newspaper from Fort Worth, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: December 26, 1996
Creator: Wisch, J. A. & Wisch, Rene
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 25, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 20, 1996 (open access)

Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 25, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 20, 1996

Weekly Jewish newspaper from Fort Worth, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: June 20, 1996
Creator: Wisch, J. A. & Wisch, Rene
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 27, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 4, 1996 (open access)

Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 27, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 4, 1996

Weekly Jewish newspaper from Fort Worth, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: July 4, 1996
Creator: Wisch, J. A. & Wisch, Rene
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 42, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 17, 1996 (open access)

Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 42, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 17, 1996

Weekly Jewish newspaper from Fort Worth, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: October 17, 1996
Creator: Wisch, J. A. & Wisch, Rene
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 25, 1996 (open access)

Texas Jewish Post (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 25, 1996

Weekly Jewish newspaper from Fort Worth, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: January 25, 1996
Creator: Wisch, J. A. & Wisch, Rene
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History