The first conference on advanced materials for alternative fuel capable directly fired heat engines was held at the Maine Maritime Academy, Castine, Maine. It was sponsored by the US Department of Energy, (Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy) and the Electric Power Research Institute, (Division of Fossil Fuel and Advanced Systems). Forty-four papers from the proceedings have been entered into EDB and ERA and one also into EAPA; three had been entered previously from other sources. The papers are concerned with US DOE research programs in this area, coal gasification, coal liquefaction, gas turbines, fluidized-bed combustion and the materials used in these processes or equipments. The materials papers involve alloys, ceramics, coatings, cladding, etc., and the fabrication and materials listing of such materials and studies involving corrosion, erosion, deposition, etc. (LTN)

Well logs from four drill holes, Utah State Geothermal Wells 14-2, 52-21 and 72-16 and Geothermal Power Corporation's thermal gradient hole GPC-15 have been digitized, plotted and studied. This study had three objectives: (1) to present the well log data in a convenient format for easy study, (2) to determine the nature of the geothermal reservoir rock and fluid properties, and (3) to make some inference on fluid entry locations in the boreholes and their effect on heat flow. The temperature logs and gradients computed from these logs have been used to examine heat flow in the vicinity of the four drill holes. Assumed and calculated thermal conductivities have been used in the analyses, 4 mcal/cm /sup 0/C sec for the alluvium and 7 mcal/cm /sup 0/C sec for the crystalline rocks. The data indicate that 14-2 and 72-16 reside in a dominantly convective heat flow environment, whereas GPC-15 and 52-21 reside in a dominantly conductive heat flow environment. The convective regions are believed to be fracture controlled and only portions of each hole reside totally in a convective region; in each case it is the upper bedrock portion of the hole. In every case the alluvium or upper portion …

The elastic scattering of {sup 9}Be + {sup 28}Si has been measured at laboratory energies of 121.0 and 201.6 MeV. These data have been combined with existing lower energy {sup 9}Be + {sup 28}Si data in order to carry out a global optical model analysis. Calculations employing Woods-Saxon potentials yield good fits to the data without requiring explicitly energy-dependent parameters. In contrast, using a proximity form for the real potential requires an explicitly energy dependent Woods-Saxon imaginary potential in order to achieve comparable quality fits. Notch perturbation calculations have been utilized to locate the radial region of the potential to which the scattering is sensitive. At all energies the imaginary potential is stronger than the real potential at the radius of maximum sensitivity. This dominance of the absorptive potential greatly limits the amount of information which can be gained about the real potential. Comparison of the {sup 9}Be + {sup 28}Si system with other light heavy ion systems such as {sup 6}Li + {sup 28}Si, {sup 12}C + {sup 28}Si, and {sup 16}O + {sup 28}Si suggests that the weak binding of {sup 9}Be may be responsible for the strong absorption in this case.

The Baltazor Hot Springs KGRA and nearby Painted Hills thermal area are situated in Humboldt County, northwestern Nevada along the northwestern margin of the Basin and Range province. The oldest rocks exposed in the Baltazor area are eugeosynclinal metasedimentary and subordinate metavolcanic rocks of Permian to Triassic age intruded by Cretaceous diorite and quartz diorite. These are overlain by a thick volcanic and volcaniclastic sequence of Miocene through Pliocene age. Pre-Tertiary rocks are not exposed in the Painted Hills. Principal structures in the Baltazor area are intersecting high-angle normal faults which trend northerly and northwesterly. Quaternary landslides are dominant in the Painted Hills, although northerly- and northwesterly-trending high-angle faults are also present. Hydrothermal alteration and mineralization at Baltazor and in the Painted Hills are of several different styles and ages. Copper-bearing quartz veins in pre-Tertiary rocks antedate Cenozoic volcanism and sedimentation. The heat source for thermal phenomena and alteration in both areas is probably deep fault-controlled fluid circulation coupled with an abnormally high regional thermal gradient. (MHR)

The isolation and chromatographic purification of chromophore-containing peptides from the P{sub R} form of phytochrome treated with pepsin and thermolysin are described. From the amino acid sequence and {sup 1}H NMR spectral analysis of phytochromobiliundeca peptide (2) , the structure of the P{sub R) phytochrome chromophore and the nature of the thioether linkage joining pigment to peptide have been established. Confirmatory evidence was obtained from similar analysis of phytochromobilioctapeptide (3) . The implications of this structural assignment with respect to the mechanism of the P{sub R} to P{sub FR} phototransformation is considered.

Thermally induced displacements and stresses have been calculated by finite element analysis to guide the design, operation, and data interpretation of the in situ heating experiments in a granite formation at Stripa, Sweden. There are two full-scale tests with electrical heater canisters comparable in size and power to those envisaged for reprocessed high level waste canisters and a time-scaled test. To provide a simple theoretical basis for data analysis, linear thermoelasticity was assumed. Constant (temperature-independent) thermal and mechanical rock properties were used in the calculations. These properties were determined by conventional laboratory testing on small intact core specimens recovered from the Stripa test site. Two-dimensional axisymmetric models were used for the full-scale experiments, and three-dimensional models for the time-scaled experiment. Highest compressive axial and tangential stresses are expected at the wall of the heater borehole. For the 3.6 kW full-scale heated experiment, maximum compressive tangential stress was predicted to be below the unconfined compressive strength of Stripa granite, while for the 5 kW experiment, the maximum was approximately equal to the compressive strength before the concentric ring of eight 1 kW peripheral heaters was activated, but would exceed that soon afterwards. Three zones of tensile thermomechanical stresses will occur in …

In order to increase the welfare of society through the implementation of a building energy-performance standard, a method is required by which the least-cost means of obtaining the desired space conditioning of a building can be estimated. In other words, a life-cycle cost model must be developed to simulate the energy-related building-design decisions that would take place if resources were being allocated efficiently. The cost-minimizing model must incorporate technically efficient conservation strategies and fuel-conversion equipment, and the prices used must reflect the social value of the fuels and capital equipment used. This report explores the feasibility of developing a factor that could be used to adjust a design energy budget to account for the external costs associated with that energy consumption. One such factor, RIF (resource impact factor) has been proposed by ASHRAE. Though ASHRAE suggested the RIF x RUF (resource utilization factor) multiplier concept, RIF's were not explicitly defined. Weber (1978) suggested that RIF be defined as a ratio of social costs to effective market price. The basis for a RIF used in conjunction with a RUF is evaluated here and is found lacking. To fill the gap, a social-cost approach is developed that addresses the goals of both …

This bibliography contains more than 1400 references dealing with field and laboratory research on potential toxicities and disturbances known or postulated to be caused by pollutants found in coal mine effluents. The first of the three sections into which the bibliography is divided contains a select list of published bibliographies and literature reviews. In the second section are references on mine drainage studies, general references on environmental pollutants, and references dealing with two or more specific parameters. The third section includes references for 40 parameters under individual parameter headings. The multi parameter references in the second section are therefore also listed in the third section under individual headings. An author index is also provided.

The radiation of spherical compressional waves from a spherical cavity in an ideal elastic solid is treated. The equations for the radiation source and field are written in terms of the reduced-displacement potential. The source equation is studied in terms of characteristic frequencies, corresponding periods and wavelengths, and damping. The field equations for the stresses, strains, radial displacement, etc., are reviewed with regard to the transitions between the near and far fields. The natural parameters for defining the dynamic source and field characteristics are 2b/R and b/a in some cases and a/R in others, where a is the compressional-wave velocity, b the shear-wave velocity, and R the cavity radius. Transient solutions for stresses, strains, radial displacement, etc., include damped sinusoidal oscillations. The initial- and final-value theorems for the Laplace transform are used to obtain solutions for tau (reduced time) ..-->.. 0 + (high-frequency, farfield) and tau ..-->.. infinity (zero-frequency, near-field). 14 figures, 4 tables.

The Department of Energy has the responsibility for selecting and constructing Federal repositories for radioactive waste. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission must license such repositories prior to construction. The basic requirement in the geologic disposal of radioactive waste is stated as: placement in a geologic host whereby the radioactive waste is not in mechanical, thermal or chemical equilibrium with the object of preventing physical or chemical migration of radionuclides into the biosphere or hydrosphere in hazardous concentration (USGS, 1977). The object of this report is to document the known geologic parameters of large granite and basalt occurrences in the coterminous United States, for future evaluation in the selection and licensing of radioactive waste repositories. The description of the characteristics of certain potential igneous hosts has been limited to existing data pertaining to the general geologic character, geomechanics, and hydrology of identified occurrences. A description of the geochemistry is the subject of a separate report.

This report presents a description of geotechnical measurement techniques that can provide the data necessary for safe development - i.e., location, design, construction, operation, decommissioning and abandonment - of a radioactive waste repository in bedded salt. Geotechnical data obtained by a diversity of measurement techniques are required during all phases of respository evolution. The techniques discussed in this report are grouped in the following categories: geologic, geophysical and geodetic; rock mechanics; hydrologic, hydrogeologic and water quality; and thermal. The major contribution of the report is the presentation of extensive tables that provide a review of available measurement techniques for each of these categories. The techniques are also discussed in the text to the extent necessary to describe the measurements and associated instruments, and to evaluate the applicability or limitations of the method. More detailed discussions of thermal phenomena, creep laws and geophysical methods are contained in the appendices; references to detailed explanations of measurement techniques and instrumentation are inluded throughout the report.

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.

Newsletter published by the Texas Department of Transportation for TxDOT employees including information about the organization, projects throughout the state, and other topics related to transportation in Texas.

The roster of the scientific and professional staffs of the Environmental Programs of the Department of Energy and Environment has been compiled as of December 1979. Staff members have been listed according to their organizational units, i.e., the Atmospheric Sciences Division, the Environmental Chemistry Division, the Oceanographic Sciences Division, and the Land and Freshwater Environmental Sciences Group. Educational background, research interests, professional activities, summary of experience at BNL, and selected publications have been included for each member listed.

Liquid fuels can be produced from coal in a number of indirect and direct liquefaction processes. While indirect coal liquefaction has been proved commercially outside the United States, most attention in this country has focused on the direct liquefaction processes, which include the processes under examination in this report; namely, the Exxon Donor Solvent (EDS), the H-Coal, and the Solvent Refined Coal (SRC) II processes. The objectives of the study were to: compare the boiler fuels of direct coal liquefaction with residual fuel oil (No. 6 fuel oil) including physical characteristics and environmental hazards, such as carcinogenic characteristics and toxic hazard characteristics; determine whether a boiler fuel market would exist for the coal liquefaction products given their physical characteristics and potential environmental hazards; determine the advantages of utilizing methanol as a boiler fuel on a continuous basis in commercial boilers utilizing existing technology; identify the potential regional candidate markets for direct coal liquefaction products as liquid boiler fuels; determine the distributing and handling costs associated with marketing coal liquefaction products as liquid boiler fuels; determine the current regulatory issues associated with the marketing of coal liquefaction products as boiler fuels; and determine and evaluate other institutional issues associated with the …

The California Department of Water Resources (DWR) proposes to construct the Bottle Rock power plant, a 55 MW geothermal power plant, at The Geysers Known Geothermal Resource Area (KGRA). The plant is projected to begin operation in April of 1983, and will be located in Lake County near the Sonoma County line on approximately 7.2 acres of the Francisco leasehold. The steam to operate the power plant, approximately 1,000,000 pounds/h, will be provided by McCulloch Geothermal Corporation. The power plant's appearance and operation will be basically the same as the units in operation or under construction in the KGRA. The power plant and related facilities will consist of a 55 MW turbine generator, a 1.1 mile (1.81 km) long transmission line, a condensing system, cooling tower, electrical switchyard, gas storage facility, cistern, and an atmospheric emission control system. DWR plans to abate hydrogen sulfide (H/sub 2/S) emissions through the use of the Stretford Process which scrubs the H/sub 2/S from the condenser vent gas stream and catalytically oxides the gas to elemental sulfur. If the Stretford Process does not meet emission limitations, a secondary H/sub 2/S abatement system using hydrogen peroxide/iron catalyst is proposed. The Bottle Rock project and other …

An assessment by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) that is "concerned with chemical and radioactive contaminants that inadvertently find their way into the human food supply" (p. iii).

A method for distribution transformer loss evaluation was derived. The total levelized annual cost method was used and was extended to account properly for conditions of energy cost inflation, peak load growth, and transformer changeout during the evaluation period. The loss costs included were the no-load and load power losses, no-load and load reactive losses, and the energy cost of regulation. The demand and energy components of loss costs were treated separately to account correctly for the diversity of load losses and energy cost inflation. An analysis was performed to find what level of transformer loss yields the minimum total levelized annual cost for a given kVA rating and a given set of load and cost parameters. Initial transformer costs as a function of no-load loss, load loss, and kVA were generated and used in the evaluation. Both single and multiple efficiency designs were considered. The total levelized annual costs of the two designs were compared. In each case the multiple efficiency design was less costly. A sensitivity analysis was performed to find the change in total levelized annual cost due to changes in the input parameters. Also, an analysis was conducted to determine the amount of energy required to …