A bibliography of solar energy-related publications produced by Sandia Laboratories, arranged in broad subject category order, is presented.

This bibliography of reports, periodical arricles, and conference papers represents research carried out by Sandia Laboratories in energy and conservation. Within each of the approximately 300 entries, authors are listed alphabetically in each subject category. The following subjects are covered: Conservation, drilling technology, environment and safety, fossil energy, geothermal energy, nuclear energy, and solar energy. (MCW)

The background, operation, and need for solar thermal powered pumps for irrigation is reviewed, and a compilation of 38 literature references with summaries is presented. (WHK)

Information is presented concerning safety, compliance, and documentation; core nuclear design; ACPR upgrade and console development; mechanical design; fuel element design; fuel element fabrication; secondary fuel materials studies; driver core fuel element; and diagnostic system.

Separate abstracts were prepared for 8 of the included sections. (MOW)

A comprehensive evaluated nuclear data file for elemental titanium is outlined including definition of the data base, the evaluation procedures and judgments, and the final evaluated results. The file describes all significant neutron-induced reactions with elemental titanium and the associated photon-production processes to incident neutron energies of 20.0 MeV. In addition, isotopic-reaction files, consistent with the elemental file, are separately defined for those processes which are important to applied considerations of material-damage and neutron-dosimetry. The file is formulated in the ENDF format. This report formally documents the evaluation and, together with the numerical file, is submitted for consideration as a part of the ENDF/B-V evaluated file system. 20 figures, 9 tables.

This report is concerned with factors influencing ecosystem effects of air pollutants from major fossil-fuel energy sources. Chemical speciation of major effluents, the variations in source term associated with type of source, and other factors which influence the characteristics of the effluent at the source/atmosphere interface are discussed. The major current and potential sources of energy-derived pollutant burdens, and projected future patterns of energy production are reviewed. In addition, factors controlling transformation of pollutants during atmospheric transport are described. The most critical controlling factors are identified, as are the major effluent constituents for which transformation is most significant. The chemical species which ultimately reach the atmosphere/vegetation interface are described with regard to their relative potential for effects on terrestrial ecosystems.

Separate abstracts were prepared for each of the 8 included sections. (MOW)

The Magnetics and Superconductivity Section has the responsibility for developing superconducting magnet systems for tokamak fusion machines. This is being accomplished by carrying out those research and development needs which will provide the physics understanding and engineering data necessary to design, fabricate, and test large toroidal field (TF) and poloidal field (PF) coils. This information, in addition, supports the Large Coil Program (LCP). A number of design projects have been performed, some in support of other programs and some of a continuing nature. These efforts support the goals and requirements for both the TF and PF magnet systems. Examples are the magnet designs for the EPR, Demo, EBTR, EBT-II, and preliminary scoping for the INS project. The principal effort was expended on the iteration of the EPR Reference Design. Three features of the original reference design--the honeycomb coil structure, the oval coil shape, and the forced-flow cooling of the conductor by supercritical helium--remain as key features of the TF coils. Considerable progress has been made in the theoretical understanding of forced-flow-cooled conductors, and optimized designs with maximum stability margin can be designed to meet specific applications. Experiments which will test the theory are in progress.

In an effort to determine the details of reaction mechanisms, kinetic parameters are obtained for the following two catalytic reactions, C/sub 2/H/sub 4/ + H/sub 2/ ..-->.. C/sub 2/H/sub 6/ and C/sub 2/H/sub 6/ + H/sub 2/ ..-->.. 2 CH/sub 4/. The first reaction is carried out, for the most part, under reaction conditions (e.g. 110-200 K) which prevent complications caused by a side reaction, the surface dehydrogenation of adsorbed ethylene. The second reaction is carried out at somewhat higher temperatures (80 to 200/sup 0/C). Both reactions are studied in the pressure range 0.5 to 1000 ..mu... Extensive isotope labeling experiments are also carried out, which together with the kinetic measurements support in a self-consistent way the following mechanisms of hydrogen addition. The adsorbed species C/sub 2/H/sub 5/(a) and H(a) are found to be intermediates in both the hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis reactions. In the case of the hydrogenation reaction, the rate limiting step is found to be the irreversible addition of an adsorbed hydrogen atom to an adsorbed ethylene molecule to produce C/sub 2/H/sub 5/(a) which is further hydrogenated to produce ethane. The hydrogenolysis occurs by dissociative adsorption of ethane to produce C/sub 2/H/sub 5/(a) and H(a). In this case …

A series of experiments was performed in which gamma-ray spectra were measured, using a Ge(Li) detector, for incident 7 to 26-MeV protons on the even-even vibrational nuclei /sup 56/Fe, /sup 62/Ni, /sup 64/Zn, /sup 108/Pd, /sup 110/Cd, /sup 114/Cd, /sup 116/Cd, /sup 116/Sn, /sup 120/Sn, and /sup 206/Pb, and for incident 14-MeV neutrons on natural Fe, Ni, Zn, Cd, Sn, and Pb. These measurements yielded gamma-ray cross sections from which it was inferred that almost all of the gamma cascades from (p,p') and (n,n') reactions passed down through the first 2/sup +/ levels. Consequently, the strength of the 2/sup +/ ..-->.. 0/sup +/ gamma transitions were found to be an indirect measure of the (p,p') or (n,n') cross sections. Several types of nuclear model calculations were performed and compared with experimental results. These calculations included coupled-channel calculations to reproduce the direct, collective excitation of the low-lying levels, and statistical plus pre-equilibrium model calculations to reproduce the (p,p') and the (n,n') cross sections for comparison with the 2/sup +/ ..-->.. 0/sup +/ gamma measurements. The agreement between calculation and experiment was generally good except at high energies, where pre-equilibrium processes dominate (i.e. around 26-MeV). Here discrepancies between calculations from the two …

This report is the Saccharin review of the current issues

This quarterly report describes the activities of the Sandia Laboratories' Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) project during the period July to September 1976, transitional quarter of fiscal year 1976. Included are the highlights of the quarter; review of the status of general design efforts in the areas of aerodynamics, structures, and testing.

The purpose of this study was to provide definitions of shock and vibration environment to which fissile material shipping containers may be exposed during normal shipment by truck and rail cars. The definitions of vibration, shock superimposed on vibration and rail coupling shock result from existing data. The dependence of shock environment, from rail coupling operations, on parameters like cargo weight and shock attenuation couplers was also studied using spring-mass models. These studies show that for rail cars equipped with standard draft gear, the cargo response decreases with increased cargo weight until the springs bottom out. For rail cars equipped with shock attenuation couplers, cargo weight has little effect on cargo response. The study also shows the importance of matching couplers and tiedown stiffnesses to decrease the cargo response. Vibration and shock data samples have been obtained during truck shipment of heavy cargo and the data will be presented in subsequent reports. Similar data need to be obtained for rail shipment of heavy cargo and during rail coupling operations with heavy cargo.

The FY'76 major objectives of the Massive Hydraulic Fracture Mapping and Characterization Program were to assess the feasibility of the surface electrical potential and surface seismic systems to provide locational information on hydraulically created fracture systems. The surface electrical potential system has demonstrated the capability to provide information on fracture azimuthal orientation, asymmetry of fracture, and direction of major fracture wing. Assessment of the surface seismic technique for fracture characterization is not encouraging. During FY'76, Sandia participated in five MHF experiments for natural gas stimulation. Two of these were conducted by El Paso Natural Gas in the Green River Basin at Pinedale, Wyoming, and three were conducted by AMOCO in the Wattenberg field northeast of Denver, Colorado. Sandia supported all five experiments with the surface electrical potential system and three with surface seismic arrays. This report describes both fracture characterization techniques, provides an overview of the associated hardware and software development, and presents the results obtained from participation in the field tests.

The pilot plant is developed for ERDA low-level contact-handled transuranic waste, ERDA remote-handled intermediate-level transuranic waste, and for high-level waste experiments. All wastes placed in the WIPP arrive at the site processed and packaged; no waste processing is done at the WIPP. All wastes placed into the WIPP are retrievable. The proposed site for WIPP lies 26 miles east of Carlsbad, New Mexico. This document includes the executive summary and a detailed description of the facilities and systems. (DLC)